Does Culture Moderate the Relationship Between Awareness and Internalization of Western Ideals and the Development of Body Dissatisfaction in Women? PDF Download
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Author: Cortney Soderlind Warren
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The sociocultural model of eating disorders suggests that awareness of a thin physical ideal directly affects internalization of that ideal, which in turn, directly affects body dissatisfaction. The current study evaluated the general accuracy of the sociocultural model and examined the potential for ethnicity to protect against eating disorder symptomatology by moderating the relationships between awareness and internalization and between internalization and body dissatisfaction. Spanish (n = 100), Mexican American (n = 100), and Euro-American (n = 100) female participants completed various questionnaires measuring sociocultural attitudes towards appearance and body dissatisfaction. Analysis of covariance with tests of homogeneity of slope and path analysis using maximum likelihood with robust standard errors tested the two relationships by ethnic group. Results supported the sociocultural model: there was strong evidence for the mediational effect of internalization on the relationship between awareness and body dissatisfaction. Furthermore, ethnicity moderated the relationships such that both relationships were significantly stronger for Euro-American women than for Mexican American or Spanish women. Within the Mexican American group level of acculturation also moderated these relationships. Taken together, the results of this study highlight how ethnicity can protect against the development of eating disorder symptoms. Denouncing the thin ideal, minimizing appearance as an indicator of female value, and emphasizing personal traits other than appearance as determinants of worth are important in protecting against the development of body dissatisfaction and more severe eating pathology.
Author: Cortney Soderlind Warren
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The sociocultural model of eating disorders suggests that awareness of a thin physical ideal directly affects internalization of that ideal, which in turn, directly affects body dissatisfaction. The current study evaluated the general accuracy of the sociocultural model and examined the potential for ethnicity to protect against eating disorder symptomatology by moderating the relationships between awareness and internalization and between internalization and body dissatisfaction. Spanish (n = 100), Mexican American (n = 100), and Euro-American (n = 100) female participants completed various questionnaires measuring sociocultural attitudes towards appearance and body dissatisfaction. Analysis of covariance with tests of homogeneity of slope and path analysis using maximum likelihood with robust standard errors tested the two relationships by ethnic group. Results supported the sociocultural model: there was strong evidence for the mediational effect of internalization on the relationship between awareness and body dissatisfaction. Furthermore, ethnicity moderated the relationships such that both relationships were significantly stronger for Euro-American women than for Mexican American or Spanish women. Within the Mexican American group level of acculturation also moderated these relationships. Taken together, the results of this study highlight how ethnicity can protect against the development of eating disorder symptoms. Denouncing the thin ideal, minimizing appearance as an indicator of female value, and emphasizing personal traits other than appearance as determinants of worth are important in protecting against the development of body dissatisfaction and more severe eating pathology.
Author: Carly S. Bicheler
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Body image disturbance
Languages : en
Pages : 188
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Book Description
"The relationship between body dissatisfaction and the development of disordered eating has been widely studied in psychology (e.g., Steiner-Adair, 1986; Streigel-Moore, Silberstein, & Rodin, 1986). This research has documented the apparent link between sociocultural pressures (from media and interpersonal relationships) and eating pathology. Stice (1994) developed the Sociocultural Model of Bulimia (SMB), positing that this relationship would be mediated by internalization of the thin ideal body presented in U.S. culture, and body dissatisfaction. Stice and other researchers hypothesized that some factors may interrupt this link at different points within the SMB. However, this literature has, to a large extent, neglected to examine potential resistance factors that women can actively learn and use to resist internalization and/or body dissatisfaction (Twamley & Davis, 1999). The studies that did address the role of active resistance factors within the SMB had two major problems: defining and measuring these resistance factors. The present study used the SMB as a foundation to investigate three potential resistance factors that may moderate relationships within the SMB: self-determined non-conformity, rejection of traditional feminine gender roles, and endorsement of feminist ideals. This study was designed to improve upon the work of previous studies by using more appropriate measures of these factors and clarifying their potential moderating roles within the SMB. Two hundred fifty-seven women from a wide range of ages and backgrounds provided questionnaire data and demographic information. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to establish whether or not these three factors moderated the relationship between sociocultural pressures and internalization and/or the relationship between internalization and body dissatisfaction within the SMB, and to test gender roles as a mediator of the relationship between sociocultural pressures and internalization. Results indicated that self-determined non-conformity, rejection of tradition feminine gender roles, and endorsement of feminist ideals do not act as moderators in the relationship between sociocultural pressures and internalization, or in the relationship between internalization and body dissatisfaction. Gender roles were found to partially mediate the relationship between sociocultural pressures and internalization. Implications, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed."--Abstract.
Author: Jill R. Klotzman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Body image in women
Languages : en
Pages : 61
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Book Description
The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between perceived sociocultural pressures and internalization of the thin ideal and to determine whether or not high levels of feminist identity development moderate this relationship. The study also investigated the relationship between internalization of the thin ideal and body dissatisfaction and whether or not high levels of feminist identity development moderated the relationship. Two multiple hierarchical regression analyses were performed using data collected from a female undergraduate student sample (N=403) from Wright State University. These data were derived from a survey containing the Perceived Sociocultural Pressure Scale (PSPS; Stice & Argas, 1998), the Body Stereotype Scale-Revised (IBSS-R; Stice, Marti, Spoor, Presnell, & Shaw, 2008), the Body Areas Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BASS-R; Petrie, Tripp, & Harvey, 2002), and the Feminist Identity Development Scale (FIDS; Bargad & Hyde, 1991). Findings showed that while pressures and internalization and internalization and body dissatisfaction were significantly and positively correlated, high levels of feminist identity development did not moderate the strength of these relationships. The findings of this study indicate that future research is necessary to pinpoint specific aspects of feminist identity that may serve to protect women from internalization and/or the development of body dissatisfaction. Furthermore, this study highlighted that further research is necessary in order to better understand how and why women with higher levels of feminist identity development tend to perceive more sociocultural pressure to be thin than their less feminist counterparts.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
"Education, arts and social sciences, natural and technical sciences in the United States and Canada".
Author: Eric Stice
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0199859248
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 305
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Book Description
Eating disorders are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in adolescent and young adult females, affecting approximately 10% of young women. Unfortunately, less than half of those with eating disorders receive treatment, which can be very expensive. Thus, effective prevention has become a major public health priority. The Body Project is an empirically based eating disorder prevention program that offers young women an opportunity to critically consider the costs of pursuing the ultra-thin ideal promoted in the mass media, which improves body acceptance and reduces risk for developing eating disorders. Young women with elevated body dissatisfaction are recruited for group sessions in which they participate in a series of verbal, written, and behavioral exercises in which they consider the negative effects of pursuing the thin-ideal. Chapters provide information on the significance of body image and eating disorders, the intervention theory, the evidence base which supports the theory, recruitment and training procedures, solutions to common challenges, and a new program aimed at reducing obesity onset, as well as intervention scripts and participant handouts. The Body Project is the only currently available eating disorder prevention program that has been shown to reduce risk for onset of eating disorders and received support in trials conducted by several independent research groups. The group sessions are brief and fun to lead, and this guide provides all of the necessary information to walk clinicians, teachers, counselors, and volunteers through leading the program for vulnerable young women.
Author: Jenny H. Jo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Body image in women
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Research focusing on body dissatisfaction and its contributing factors, such as internalization of body shape ideals (i.e., thin-ideal and muscular-ideal), remains sparse among women in middle adulthood. Furthermore, social life roles (i.e., parental and marital status) and achievements (i.e., educational attainment), typically substantiated in middle adulthood, may represent important factors that moderate the relationship between internalization of body shape ideals and body dissatisfaction among women in middle adulthood. The present thesis sought to examine the association between internalization of body shape ideals (i.e., thin-ideal and muscular-ideal) and body dissatisfaction in a sample of women in middle adulthood. This study also sought to examine whether social roles (i.e., marital status, parental status, and educational status) moderate the association between internalization of body shape ideals (i.e., thin-ideal and muscular-ideal) and body dissatisfaction among women in middle adulthood. Analyses were conducted utilizing cross-sectional data of 349 women in middle adulthood (mean (SD) age=50.17 (9.61) years; age range=35-65 years) who completed assessments evaluating for thin-ideal internalization, muscular-ideal internalization, and body dissatisfaction. Models for moderation were examined with age and BMI as covariates. Higher levels of thin-ideal internalization and muscular-ideal internalization were associated with greater levels of body dissatisfaction among women in middle adulthood, above and beyond age and BMI. However, the association between muscular-ideal internalization and body dissatisfaction was diminished without BMI in the model, suggesting statistical suppression. Neither marital status and parental status significantly interacted with body-shape ideal internalization in predicting body dissatisfaction. Education status significantly interacted with thin-ideal internalization, but not muscular-ideal internalization, in predicting body dissatisfaction. At lower educational attainment, thin-ideal internalization was more strongly related to body dissatisfaction than at higher educational attainment. This study adds to the growing literature examining the association between body-shape ideal internalization and body dissatisfaction among women in middle adulthood. Furthermore, this study is the first to examine how social roles may moderate the relationship between body-shape ideal internalization and body dissatisfaction among women in middle adulthood. This study was limited to a cross-sectional design which precludes inferences on the direction of causality and temporal associations. Thus, longitudinal designs should be used in future research understand temporal relationships among these variables.
Author: W. Stewart Agras
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190620994
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 561
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Book Description
Fully revised to reflect the DSM-5, the second edition of The Oxford Handbook of Eating Disorders features the latest research findings, applications, and approaches to understanding eating disorders. Including foundational topics alongside practical specifics, like literature reviews and clinical applications, this handbook is essential for scientists, clinicians, and students alike.
Author: Elysia Georges Sotiriou
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 452
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Book Description
Cultural body dissatisfaction concerns salient to ethnic minority women are often unrecognized or overlooked by researchers and healthcare providers conditioned to view body dissatisfaction as synonymous with weight dissatisfaction. A culturally-inclusive understanding of body dissatisfaction has broad implications for better identifying individuals at risk for developing eating disorders and comorbid conditions, reforming etiological frameworks of eating pathology and body image disturbance, increasing efficacy of preventative approaches and treatment interventions, and decreasing ethnic health disparities. The purposes of the current investigation are twofold; to illustrate the salience of cultural body dissatisfaction concerns and weight-focused body dissatisfaction concerns among a sample of Black, Latina, Asian, and White female undergraduate students, and to explore the extent to which ethnic group membership, BMI, sociocultural appearance-related pressure (i.e., family, peers, and media), weight-focused body dissatisfaction concerns, and cultural body dissatisfaction concerns predict eating disorder symptomology, body dysmorphia, and cosmetic surgery attitudes among ethnic minority participants. MANCOVA analyses and hierarchical linear regressions were used to analyze data obtained from online survey responses of 313 diverse undergraduate women. Results illustrated the presence of statistically significant differences in levels of endorsement on both cultural and weight-focused body dissatisfaction concerns between ethnic groups, specifically for cultural size and shape concerns, skin tone and facial features, the hourglass ideal, eye concerns, and thin ideal internalization. Both cultural and weight-focused body dissatisfaction concerns emerged as significant predictors for eating disorder symptomology, however, weight-focused concerns played no significant role in relation to body dysmorphia or cosmetic surgery attitudes among ethnic minority participants. The cultural concerns shown to be statistically significant predictors among participants of color for body dysmorphia and attitudes towards cosmetic surgery were cultural size and shape concerns and the hourglass ideal. The absence of cultural components from body image investigations and screening measures hinders the ability to reliably and holistically comprehend how body dissatisfaction presents and influences the actions, attitudes, and development of body and eating comorbidities affecting ethnically diverse women. Recognition of cultural body dissatisfaction concerns could help reduce ethnic health disparities in identification and treatment of body image disturbance and eating pathology impacting the American healthcare system
Author: Sheethal D. Reddy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Body image in women
Languages : en
Pages : 137
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Book Description
Despite evidence that Latino women experience body dissatisfaction, binge eating, and bulimia, there has been a lack of focus on the risk and maintenance factors of these maladaptive behaviors among this group. The current study sought to examine the suitability of a well-recognized model of bulimic symptomatology, the dual pathway model. Furthermore, the study tested a culturally-relevant model of body dissatisfaction and eating problems which included a curvaceous body ideal construct. In addition, the role of several cultural variables, including acculturation status, acculturative stress, and the marianismo gender role were examined as potential moderators in the pathway from experiencing sociocultural pressures to internalizing cultural body ideals. The first structural equation model (SEM) tested the dual-pathway model (Stice, 1994). Second, a separate model including internalization of a curvaceous ideal in the place of thin-ideal internalization was examined. A multisample SEM was conducted to examine moderations. Significant findings were subsequently confirmed with hierarchical multiple linear regression. Reasonable support emerged for the dual-pathway model; however, negative affect did not act as a secondary pathway to eating problems. Interestingly, curvaceous-ideal internalization was not a significant predictor of body dissatisfaction. Marianismo and acculturative stress were associated with body dissatisfaction and eating problems, although did not moderate any pathways. Women in this sample endorsed both body dissatisfaction and eating problems. These findings provide support for the thin-ideal internalization construct as a risk factor in Latino women. The findings underline the importance of culturally competent practice when addressing such issues in this population.
Author: Vitae Félix
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Beauty, Personal
Languages : en
Pages : 132
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Book Description
ABSTRACT While the cross-cultural literature on body dissatisfaction among Mexican and Mexican-American women has continued to grow, the traditional Latino female gender role of marianismo, sociocultural factors related to ethnic culture and mainstream/American culture ideal perceived discrepancies in body size, and ones romantic relationship have not been explored with this population in relationship to body satisfaction. The current study included 227 female participants predominantly from a large southwestern university in the United States and a large university in northern Mexico. The study examined differences in marianismo and body satisfaction between 120 Mexican and 107 Mexican-American women, investigated the role of marianismo as a mediator between weight-related teasing and body satisfaction, and explored the relationship between marianismo, Partner Ideal Discrepancy, Ethnic Culture Ideal Discrepancy, Mainstream/American Culture Ideal Discrepancy, Perceived Weight-Related Criticism/Teasing, Relationship Support, Relationship Depth, and Relationship Conflict to overall body satisfaction. Results indicated Mexican-American women endorsed less overall body satisfaction than did their Mexican counterparts suggesting that Mexican American women may be more influenced by societal messages about thinness and beauty than are Mexican women. The findings also revealed a possible trend for marianismo as a mediator between weight-related criticism and body satisfaction. Marianismo and weight-related teasing were found to have a negative relationship with body satisfaction. Multiple regression analyses revealed that Partner Ideal and Mainstream/American Culture Ideal discrepancies accounted for significant variance in body satisfaction. Relationship Conflict accounted for a smaller but still significant amount of the variance in body satisfaction. Ethnic Culture Discrepancy, Relationship Support, and Relationship Depth were not significant predictors. These findings from this study suggest that both cultural variables and romantic relationship variables are related to the body image of Mexican American and Mexican women. These findings have important implications for the adaptation of current etiological models explaining body satisfaction among Mexican and Mexican-American women as well as highlighting the need to consider the role of both cultural and relationship variables in designing clinical interventions for Mexican American and Mexican women coping with body image concerns.
