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Author: Martin R. Gaerttner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sound-waves
Languages : en
Pages : 332
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Book Description
"A method of generating (and detecting) ultrasound in metals through purely electromagnetic means is investigated in this thesis. Radio frequency pulse echo techniques used for studying this process, called direct generation (or detection), are described. Measurements of the coupling efficiency of direct generation in a number of metals are reported for both the local and non local limits of electrical conductivity. Accurate measurements of the temperature, frequency, and magnetic field dependence have been made using frequencies between 3 and 100MHz. A free electron theory which assumes specular scattering of electrons at the surface has been proposed by others. This theory is extended in this thesis and quantitative comparisons with experimental measurements are presented. It has been found that, in the local limit of conductivity, experiment and theory are in good agreement for both transverse and longitudinal waves. In the non local limit, only transverse wave direct generation was considered. Discrepancies between experiment and theory were observed for the non local case with a magnetic field parallel to the direction of acoustic propagation. It is postulated that effects of diffuse scattering of electrons at the surface are responsible for some discrepancies. An interesting oscillatory magnetic field dependence of direct generation is reported for magnetic fields oriented perpendicular to the direction of acoustic propagation. The effect is demonstrated to result from forces associated with Gantmakher splashes. Although the coupling efficiency of direct electromagnetic generation is weak, it is demonstrated that signals can be obtained that are useful for non destructive testing. There are indications that non local direct generation becomes very efficient at microwave frequencies. Direct generation has also been observed in liquid metals."--Abstract.
Author: Martin R. Gaerttner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sound-waves
Languages : en
Pages : 332
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Book Description
"A method of generating (and detecting) ultrasound in metals through purely electromagnetic means is investigated in this thesis. Radio frequency pulse echo techniques used for studying this process, called direct generation (or detection), are described. Measurements of the coupling efficiency of direct generation in a number of metals are reported for both the local and non local limits of electrical conductivity. Accurate measurements of the temperature, frequency, and magnetic field dependence have been made using frequencies between 3 and 100MHz. A free electron theory which assumes specular scattering of electrons at the surface has been proposed by others. This theory is extended in this thesis and quantitative comparisons with experimental measurements are presented. It has been found that, in the local limit of conductivity, experiment and theory are in good agreement for both transverse and longitudinal waves. In the non local limit, only transverse wave direct generation was considered. Discrepancies between experiment and theory were observed for the non local case with a magnetic field parallel to the direction of acoustic propagation. It is postulated that effects of diffuse scattering of electrons at the surface are responsible for some discrepancies. An interesting oscillatory magnetic field dependence of direct generation is reported for magnetic fields oriented perpendicular to the direction of acoustic propagation. The effect is demonstrated to result from forces associated with Gantmakher splashes. Although the coupling efficiency of direct electromagnetic generation is weak, it is demonstrated that signals can be obtained that are useful for non destructive testing. There are indications that non local direct generation becomes very efficient at microwave frequencies. Direct generation has also been observed in liquid metals."--Abstract.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nuclear energy
Languages : en
Pages : 1256
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Book Description
Author: J. J. Quinn
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 14
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Book Description
The basic equations describing the direct electromagnetic generation of sound in a metal are studied. The boundary conditions are taken to be those applicable for specular refflection of the conduction electrons at the surface. The resonances of the surface impedance associated with setting up a standing acoustic wave in a metallic plate are evaluated, and the contribution of direct acoustic generation and subsequent acoustic NMR to the nuclear magnetic resonance signal is investigated. (Author).
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 958
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Book Description
Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Author: A.G. Cullis
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000157016
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 836
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Book Description
The various forms of microscopy and related microanalytical techniques are making unique contributions to semiconductor research and development that underpin many important areas of microelectronics technology. Microscopy of Semiconducting Materials 1987 highlights the progress that is being made in semiconductor microscopy, primarily in electron probe methods as well as in light optical and ion scattering techniques. The book covers the state of the art, with sections on high resolution microscopy, epitaxial layers, quantum wells and superlattices, bulk gallium arsenide and other compounds, properties of dislocations, device silicon and dielectric structures, silicides and contacts, device testing, x-ray techniques, microanalysis, and advanced scanning microscopy techniques. Contributed by numerous international experts, this volume will be an indispensable guide to recent developments in semiconductor microscopy for all those who work in the field of semiconducting materials and research development.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 1230
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Book Description
Author: Gary Stanley Cieloszyk
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electromagnetic fields
Languages : en
Pages : 168
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Book Description
Author: Volker Weiss
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461329523
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 533
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Book Description
The Army Materials and Mechanics Research Center of Water town, Massachusetts in cooperation with the Materials Science Group of the Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science of Syracuse University has conducted the Sagamore Army Materials Research Conference since 1954. The main purpose of these conferences has been to gather together over 150 scientists and engineers from academic institutions, industry and government who are uniquely qualified to explore in depth a subject of importance to the Department of Defense, the Army and the scientific community. This volume NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION OF MATERIALS, addresses the areas of x-ray, ultrasonics and other methods of nondestructive testing. We wish to acknowledge the dedicated assistance of Joseph M. Bernier of the Army Materials and Mechanics Research Center and Helen Brown DeMascio of Syracuse University throughout the stages of the conference planning and finally the publication of this book. Their help is deeply appreciated. Syracuse University Syracuse, New York The Editors Contents SESSION I X-RAY S. Heissman, Moderator H. K. Herglotz, Moderator 1. Overview of X-Ray Diffraction Methods for Nondestructive Testing • • • • • • • ••• 1 L. V. Azaroff 2. Detection of Fatigue Damage by X-Rays 21 S. Taira and K. Kamachi 3. A Historical Example of Fatigue Damage • • • • • • • 55 H. K. Herglotz 4. The Application of X-Ray Topography to Materials Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 S. Weissman 5.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 83
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Book Description
Author: Giovanni Mazzanti
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118590538
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 381
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Book Description
The only book on the market that provides current, necessary, and comprehensive technical knowledge of extruded cables and high-voltage direct-current transmission This is the first book to fully address the technical aspects of high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) link projects with extruded cables. It covers design and engineering techniques for cable lines, insulation materials, and accessories, as well as cable performance and life span and reliability issues. Beginning with a discussion on the fundamentals of HVDC cable transmission theory, Extruded Cables for High-Voltage Direct-Current Transmission: Advances in Research and Development covers: Both the cable and the accessories (joints and terminations), each of which affects cable line performance The basic designs of HVDC cables including a comparison of mass insulated non-draining cables with extruded HVDC cables The theoretical elements on which the design of HVDC cables is based highlighting the differences between HVAC and HVDC cables Space charge-related problems that have a critical impact on extruded insulation for HVDC application Recent advances in extruded compounds for HVDC cables such as additives and nano-fillers The improved design of extruded HVDC cable systems with emphasis on design aspects relevant to accessories Cable line reliability problems and the impact on cable system design Including more than 200 illustrations,Extruded Cables for High-Voltage Direct-Current Transmission fills a gap in the field, providing power cable engineers with complete, up-to-date guidance on HVDC cable lines with extruded insulation.
