Dielectric Properties of Ice, Snow and Water at Microwave Frequencies and the Measurement of the Thickgrass of Ice and Snow Layers with Radar PDF Download
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Author: Communications Research Centre (Canada)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Communications Research Centre (Canada)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Communications Research Centre (Canada)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ice
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Author: Communications Research Centre (Canada)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dielectrics
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Author: Bruce D. Sweeny
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dielectric measurements
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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An accurate method of measuring liquid water in snow covers is required to determine the properties of wet snow. The dielectric properties of wet snow must be utilized to adequately measure its liquid water content. In this study the effect of liquid water on the complex dielectric constant of natural snow is determined in the microwave frequency range. Deloor's method for calculating the dielectric constant for mixtures and the results of waveguide experiments on samples of wet snow and glass beads are used to construct a calibration curve relating the measured dielectric loss factor directly to the water content of wet snow. The results are independent of porosity, past history and chemical impurities. A relation between the effective dielectric constant and the porosity and water content is proposed and tested experimentally. The general nature of this relation is described and suggestions are made for the development of a more precise relation. It is concluded that the dielectric constant is a function of porosity and water content only.
Author: Paul R. Camp
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dielectric measurements
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Author: Francis D. Horigan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ice
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Author: Michael Patrick Madden (M.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Backscattering
Languages : en
Pages : 110
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Author: Thomas David Neusitzer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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This thesis explores the effects of crude oil spilled beneath young sea ice on the dielectric properties and normalized radar cross-section of the ice at microwave (C-band) frequencies. The dielectric profile, also referred to as the complex permittivity profile, of sea ice is a governing factor in how the ice scatters incident electromagnetic waves, thus affecting its associated normalized radar cross-section. The dielectric profile of sea ice is dependent on both the geophysical and thermal properties of the ice. Crude oil contained beneath, within, or on the surface of young sea ice was expected to change these properties, thus impacting both the dielectric profile and normalized radar cross-section of the ice. Differences between the dielectric profile and normalized radar cross-section of uncontaminated and oil-contaminated sea ice is expected to facilitate detection of oil-contaminated sea ice through active microwave remote sensing technologies. As such, a discussion of the geophysical, thermodynamic, and electromagnetic properties of sea ice is presented, as well as an overview of the behaviour of oil in ice infested environments and the efforts undertaken to detect crude oil-contaminated sea ice. Following this, the details of a preliminary laboratory experiment conducted to explore the differences in the dielectric profiles of uncontaminated and contaminated sea ice are presented. Next, a comprehensive description of the meso-scale crude oil-in-sea ice experiment and the results, including the modelled dielectric profiles and measured normalized radar cross-sections of uncontaminated and oil-contaminated sea ice, is provided. Finally, a simulation study comparing the normalized radar cross-section for the uncontaminated and oil-contaminated cases is presented. Based on the experimental and simulation work conducted, the observed differences in the temperature profiles and normalized radar cross-sections of uncontaminated and oil-contaminated sea ice suggest that differentiation between uncontaminated and oil-contaminated young sea ice using microwave remote sensing technologies may be possible.
Author: Albert W. Biggs
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 46
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This presentation considers volume scattering from Arctic sea ice and Cascade Mountain snow fields. Physical properties of sea ice and dielectric properties of glacier snow are described in terms of dielectric mixtures and the relaxation spectra of water at microwave frequencies. The VLF spectrum is included to illustrate analogous relaxation for ice. Scattering models are brine pockets in sea ice and ice spheroids in snow fields. Radar backscatter measurements of sea ice and SLAR images of snow fields are interpreted with these models. Simulation of sea ice in an acoustic tank demonstrates volume and surface scattering with good qualitative results. The dielectric relaxation phenomena in water at microwave frequencies is also interpreted as a mechanism for anomalous behavior.
Author: Brenda Blanton Hagman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ice
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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