Development of a Next-generation Non-proprietary Portable Concrete Barrier PDF Download
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Author: Riley J. Ruskamp
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Portable concrete barriers (PCBs) are segmented barriers made of precast concrete units that are connected by various load-bearing hardware. PCBs are typically used to shield work zones by redirecting errant vehicles upon impact with the barrier system. Most commonly-available PCBs have demonstrated performance issues arising from the sloped face of the barrier, which encourages vehicles to pitch and roll during impact, potentially resulting in vehicle rollover. Concerns also exist regarding the large dynamic deflections exhibited by these systems that can encroach upon the protected work zone or require anchoring to prevent large displacements. In addition to these concerns, the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) updated the Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) in 2016, which improved the criteria for evaluating roadside safety devices and required the re-evaluation of barrier systems developed before the updated standards were published. Thus, an opportunity existed to develop a next-generation PCB system capable of meeting the new MASH 2016 criteria while addressing the concerns of the current generation of PCBs. The objective of this research effort funded by the Mid-America Transportation Center (MATC) was to further develop and investigate PCB concept designs that were brainstormed under a parallel research effort at the Midwest Roadside Safety Facility (MwRSF) funded by the Wisconsin Department of Transportation. This research consisted of the development of finite element models of the PCB design concepts for use in LS-DYNA simulations, followed by the comparison of the simulation results to a current PCB system that has been previously modeled and validated. The simulation analysis identified three PCB concepts as viable designs, while three other PCB concepts were not recommended based on the simulation performance. Upon completion of the simulation analysis, the simulation results of the six PCB concepts were presented to Midwest Pooled Fund Program member states. Finally, a single concept, that used interlocking and staggered precast concrete segments without the need for connection hardware, was selected for further design and full-scale crash testing in the next phase of the research.
Author: Riley J. Ruskamp
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Portable concrete barriers (PCBs) are segmented barriers made of precast concrete units that are connected by various load-bearing hardware. PCBs are typically used to shield work zones by redirecting errant vehicles upon impact with the barrier system. Most commonly-available PCBs have demonstrated performance issues arising from the sloped face of the barrier, which encourages vehicles to pitch and roll during impact, potentially resulting in vehicle rollover. Concerns also exist regarding the large dynamic deflections exhibited by these systems that can encroach upon the protected work zone or require anchoring to prevent large displacements. In addition to these concerns, the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) updated the Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) in 2016, which improved the criteria for evaluating roadside safety devices and required the re-evaluation of barrier systems developed before the updated standards were published. Thus, an opportunity existed to develop a next-generation PCB system capable of meeting the new MASH 2016 criteria while addressing the concerns of the current generation of PCBs. The objective of this research effort funded by the Mid-America Transportation Center (MATC) was to further develop and investigate PCB concept designs that were brainstormed under a parallel research effort at the Midwest Roadside Safety Facility (MwRSF) funded by the Wisconsin Department of Transportation. This research consisted of the development of finite element models of the PCB design concepts for use in LS-DYNA simulations, followed by the comparison of the simulation results to a current PCB system that has been previously modeled and validated. The simulation analysis identified three PCB concepts as viable designs, while three other PCB concepts were not recommended based on the simulation performance. Upon completion of the simulation analysis, the simulation results of the six PCB concepts were presented to Midwest Pooled Fund Program member states. Finally, a single concept, that used interlocking and staggered precast concrete segments without the need for connection hardware, was selected for further design and full-scale crash testing in the next phase of the research.
Author: Chuck A. Plaxico
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Concrete
Languages : en
Pages : 198
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Book Description
For roadside work-zones in areas that have opposing traffic flow, safety is enhanced if the temporary barriers incorporate a "glare-shield" that blocks headlight glare from opposing traffic. Currently-available 32-inch portable concrete barriers require the use of an add-on glare shield attached to the top of the barrier. The add-on glare shields are an extra expense and complicate barrier set-up and handling. An alternative solution was to develop a 50-inch high portable concrete barrier which is tall enough to serve as its own glare-shield. Finite element analysis was used to investigate various barrier shapes and connection schemes to identify a successful crashworthy design that would meet requirments of NCHRP Report 350 Test level 3. A 50-inch portable concrete barrier design was developed based on the results of the finite element analyses and was crash tested at the Transportation Research Center in East Liberty, Ohio. The system successfully met all safety criteria of NCHRP Report 350 and has been approved by the Federal Highway Administration for use on the National Highway System as a test level 3 device.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309388805
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 351
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Book Description
As the nation's economic activities, security concerns, and stewardship of natural resources become increasingly complex and globally interrelated, they become ever more sensitive to adverse impacts from weather, climate, and other natural phenomena. For several decades, forecasts with lead times of a few days for weather and other environmental phenomena have yielded valuable information to improve decision-making across all sectors of society. Developing the capability to forecast environmental conditions and disruptive events several weeks and months in advance could dramatically increase the value and benefit of environmental predictions, saving lives, protecting property, increasing economic vitality, protecting the environment, and informing policy choices. Over the past decade, the ability to forecast weather and climate conditions on subseasonal to seasonal (S2S) timescales, i.e., two to fifty-two weeks in advance, has improved substantially. Although significant progress has been made, much work remains to make S2S predictions skillful enough, as well as optimally tailored and communicated, to enable widespread use. Next Generation Earth System Predictions presents a ten-year U.S. research agenda that increases the nation's S2S research and modeling capability, advances S2S forecasting, and aids in decision making at medium and extended lead times.
Author: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Task Force for Roadside Safety
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Roads
Languages : en
Pages : 560
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Book Description
Author: Pijush Samui
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 0128190752
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1105
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Book Description
New Materials in Civil Engineering provides engineers and scientists with the tools and methods needed to meet the challenge of designing and constructing more resilient and sustainable infrastructures. This book is a valuable guide to the properties, selection criteria, products, applications, lifecycle and recyclability of advanced materials. It presents an A-to-Z approach to all types of materials, highlighting their key performance properties, principal characteristics and applications. Traditional materials covered include concrete, soil, steel, timber, fly ash, geosynthetic, fiber-reinforced concrete, smart materials, carbon fiber and reinforced polymers. In addition, the book covers nanotechnology and biotechnology in the development of new materials. - Covers a variety of materials, including fly ash, geosynthetic, fiber-reinforced concrete, smart materials, carbon fiber reinforced polymer and waste materials - Provides a "one-stop resource of information for the latest materials and practical applications - Includes a variety of different use case studies
Author: Colorado Society of Engineers
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Engineers
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dwellings
Languages : en
Pages : 120
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Author: World Bank
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464813566
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 201
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Book Description
Work is constantly reshaped by technological progress. New ways of production are adopted, markets expand, and societies evolve. But some changes provoke more attention than others, in part due to the vast uncertainty involved in making predictions about the future. The 2019 World Development Report will study how the nature of work is changing as a result of advances in technology today. Technological progress disrupts existing systems. A new social contract is needed to smooth the transition and guard against rising inequality. Significant investments in human capital throughout a person’s lifecycle are vital to this effort. If workers are to stay competitive against machines they need to train or retool existing skills. A social protection system that includes a minimum basic level of protection for workers and citizens can complement new forms of employment. Improved private sector policies to encourage startup activity and competition can help countries compete in the digital age. Governments also need to ensure that firms pay their fair share of taxes, in part to fund this new social contract. The 2019 World Development Report presents an analysis of these issues based upon the available evidence.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Book Description
Popular Science gives our readers the information and tools to improve their technology and their world. The core belief that Popular Science and our readers share: The future is going to be better, and science and technology are the driving forces that will help make it better.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
Popular Science gives our readers the information and tools to improve their technology and their world. The core belief that Popular Science and our readers share: The future is going to be better, and science and technology are the driving forces that will help make it better.
