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Author: Cristóbal Kay
Publisher: Purdue University Press
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 348
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Book Description
The essays collected in this book show that the agrarian question in Chile has had a major influence on the country's social, political and economic problems since the early nineteenth century to the present process of democratization.
Author: Cristóbal Kay
Publisher: Purdue University Press
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 348
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Book Description
The essays collected in this book show that the agrarian question in Chile has had a major influence on the country's social, political and economic problems since the early nineteenth century to the present process of democratization.
Author: David E. Hojman
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 134912334X
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
Provides a study of the opportunities and dangers of Chile's transition from Pinochet's authoritarian, neo-liberalism in the 1970s and 1980s, to democratic agricultural development in the 1990s. International experts address issues such as continuity and change in policymaking and legitimacy.
Author: Marcus J. Kurtz
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139451804
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 265
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Book Description
This book examines the relationship between free markets and democracy. It demonstrates how the implementation of even very painful free-market economic reforms in Chile and Mexico have helped to consolidate democratic politics without engendering a backlash against either reform or democratization. This national-level compatibility between free markets and democracy, however, is founded on their rural incompatibility. In the countryside, free-market reforms socially isolate peasants to such a degree that they become unable to organize independently, and are vulnerable to the pressures of local economic elites. This helps to create an electoral coalition behind free-market reforms that is critically based in some of the market's biggest victims: the peasantry. The book concludes that the comparatively stable free-market democracy in Latin America hinges critically on its defects in the countryside; conservative, free-market elites may consent to open politics only if they have a rural electoral redoubt.
Author: Patricio Silva
Publisher: Penn State Press
ISBN: 0271036109
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 270
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Book Description
The major role played by a technocratic elite in Chilean politics was perhaps most controversial when the “Chicago Boys” ran the economic program of Augusto Pinochet’s military regime from 1973 to 1990. But technocrats did not suddenly come upon the scene when Pinochet engineered the coup against Salvador Allende’s government. They had long been important contributors to Chile’s approach to the challenges of economic development. In this book, political scientist and historian Patricio Silva examines their part in the story of twentieth-century Chile. Even before industrialization had begun in Chile, the impact of positivism and the idea of “scientific government” gained favor with Chilean intellectuals in the late nineteenth century. The technocrats who emerged from this background became the main architects designing the industrial policies of the state through the Ibáñez government (1927–31), the state-led industrialization project of the late 1930s and 1940s, the Frei and Allende administrations, Pinochet’s dictatorship, and the return to democracy from the Aylwin administration to the present. Thus, contrary to the popular belief inspired by the dominance of the Chicago Boys, technocrats have not only been the tools of authoritarian leaders but have also been important players in sustaining democratic rule. As Silva shows, technocratic ideology in Chile has been quite compatible with the interests and demands of the large middle classes, who have always defended meritocratic values and educational achievements above the privileges provided by social backgrounds. And for most of the twentieth century, technocrats have provided a kind of buffer zone between contending political forces, thereby facilitating the functioning of Chilean democracy in the past and the present.
Author: Rosa Bruno-Jofré
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
ISBN: 1487550529
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 316
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Book Description
Marking the fiftieth anniversary of two of the most influential books in modern educational and social theory, Rethinking Freire and Illich introduces readers to the results of the symposium of Paulo Freire’s Pedagogy of the Oppressed and Ivan Illich’s Deschooling Society. The collection uniquely analyses Freire and Illich together, although not in a comparative way. It acknowledges that both Freire and Illich led in different ways to a new approach to perceiving and understanding the concept of liberation as a human condition, while also presenting current criticisms of their work from a gendered perspective and by Indigenous scholars in the US and Canada. Drawing on contributions from historians of education, theologians, digital experts, and philosophers of education, the book offers a historical analysis using extensive primary sources and an originality of topics. It introduces the ways in which the current generation reads the overall works of Freire and Illich in the search for a reconstructed democratic education. As a result, Rethinking Freire and Illich presents Freire and Illich in light of contemporary issues in this generation, and offers renewed searches for a good and just life and a reconstructed democratic education.
Author: Jorge I. Domínguez
Publisher: JHU Press
ISBN: 9780801854033
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 302
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Book Description
In Constructing Democratic Governance, Jorge I. Dominguez and Abraham F. Lowenthal bring together a distinguished group of scholars to assess how well democracy has been working in this volatile part of the world. The authors find that serious problems still plague these new democracies. Many of these problems are related to the political institutions, including political parties, the civil service, and the justice system. Part I introduces broad thematic surveys of such key issues as the role of the left, conservatism, inequality, and indigenous peoples. Part II reviews the South American nations. Part III focuses on Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean, including Cuba. In Part IV, the volume editors draw conclusions about the problems and prospects for stable democracies in Latin America. In addition to the complete hardcover edition, Constructing Democratic Governance is available in three paperback volumes, each containing the introduction and conclusion from the complete edition and organized for convenient course use.
Author: Sandor Halebsky
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 0429970412
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 333
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Book Description
Over the last two decades, economic, political, and social life in Latin America has been transformed by the region’s accelerated integration into the global economy. Although this transformation has tended to exacerbate various inequities, new forms of popular expression and action challenging the contemporary structures of capital and power have also developed. This volume is a comprehensive, genuinely comparative text on contemporary Latin America. In it, an international group of contributors offer multidimensional analyses of the historical context, contemporary character, and future direction of rural transformation, urbanization, economic restructuring, and the transition to political democracy. In addition, individual essays address the changing role of women, the influence of religion, the growth of new social movements, the struggles of indigenous peoples, and ecological issues. Finally, the book examines the influence of U.S. policy and of regionalization and globalization on the Latin American states. Sandor Halebsky is professor of sociology at Saint Mary’s University in Halifax, Nova Scotia. He coedited Cuba in Transition: Crisis and Transformation (Westview, 1992). Richard L. Harris is chair of the faculty at Golden Gate University in Monterey, California. He is one of the coordinating editors of the journal Latin American Perspectives and the author of Marxism, Socialism, and Democracy in Latin America (Westview, 1992).
Author: Saturnino M. Borras
Publisher: University of Ottawa Press
ISBN: 0776617710
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 432
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Book Description
Using empirical case materials from the Philippines and referring to rich experiences from different countries historically, this book offers conceptual and practical conclusions that have far-reaching implications for land reform throughout the world. Examining land reform theory and practice, this book argues that conventional practices have excluded a significant portion of land-based production and distribution relationships, while they have inadvertently included land transfers that do not constitute real redistributive reform. By direct implication, this book is a critique of both mainstream market led agrarian reform and conventional state-led land reform. It offers an alternative perspective on how to move forward in theory and practice and opens new paths in land policy research.
Author: James Petras
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520311701
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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Book Description
Chile, which suffering from many of the same social and economic problems that afflict other Latin American countries, has enjoyed remarkable political stability. With the exception of one brief interlude, Chile has been governed by elected rules for half a century. The feature of Chilean development that explains its exceptional nature in contrast to the rest of Latin America is the special role of the bureaucracy, which functions as a broker for the conflicting demands of both the new and the traditional groups. Yet a strong dichotomy is evident between the entrepreneurial and bureaucratic elites, which have benefited and participated in the dominant society, and the peasantry, which has been largely exploited and excluded from the polity. Petras finds that the attempts to develop a dynamic industrial society in Chile have so far ailed. Chronic problems of slow economic growth and a rigid social system have been managed through a delicate system of political balances involving established parties and interest groups. While this arrangement has contributed to Chile's stability, it has also served to delay the entry of the peasantry and urban lower class into the polity, and as these groups do enter the political arena, they do so as radicals, increasingly hostile to established leaders and institutions. Working with fresh data, Petras considers virtually every aspect of Chile's social, political, and economic development, including industrialization and the roles of the right wing, the middle class, the peasantry, and the bureaucracy; and he gives detailed consideration to the programs and behavior of the Popular Action Front (FRAP) and the Christian Democratic party. In his final chapter,the author hazards a number of predictions concerning the future course of Chilean politics. He anticipates that the present trend toward basic social change will continue and that this will include limitation of the powers and prerogatives of the rich, a greater role for the government in planning and directing the economy, and some outright expropriation. In the long run, a realignment of major politcal forces is probably, with the likely result that opposition to reform will increase. The heavy involvement of North American firms in the Chilean copper-mining industry could lead to a conflict between a national-popular government in the United States. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1969.
Author: Dolores Moyano Martin
Publisher: University of Texas Press
ISBN: 9780292752115
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 956
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Book Description
Beginning with volume 41 (1979), the University of Texas Press became the publisher of the Handbook of Latin American Stuides, the most comprehensive annual bibliography in the field. Compiled by the Hispanic Division of the Library of Congress and annotated by a corps of more than 130 specialists in various disciplines, the Handbook alternates from year to year between social sciences and humanities. The Handbook annotates works on Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean and the Guianas, Spanish South America, and Brazil, as well as materials covering Latin America as a whole. Most of the subsections are preceded by introductory essays that serve as biannual evaluations of the literature and research underway in specialized areas. The Handbook of Latin American Studies is the oldest continuing reference work in the field. Dolores Moyano Martin, of the Library of Congress Hispanic Division, has been the editor since 1977, and P. Sue Mundell has been assistant editor since 1994. The subject categories for Volume 55 are as follows: Anthropology (including Archaeology and Ethnology) Economics Electronic Resources for the Social Sciences Geography Government and Politics International Relations Sociology
