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Author: James Q. Wilson
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0195399358
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 657
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Book Description
Crime in the United States has fluctuated considerably over the past thirty years, as have the policy approaches to deal with it. During this time, criminologists and other scholars have helped to shed light on the roles of incarceration, prevention, drugs, guns, policing, and numerous other aspects to crime control. Yet the latest research is rarely heard in public discussions and is often missing from the desks of policymakers. This book summarizes the latest scientific information on the causes of crime and the evidence about what does and does not work to control it. As with previous editions, each essay reviews the existing literature, discusses the methodological rigor of the studies, identifies what policies and programs the studies suggest, and then points to policies now implemented that fail to reflect the evidence. The chapters cover the principle institutions of the criminal justice system (juvenile justice, police, prisons, probation and parole, sentencing), how broader aspects of social life inhibit or encourage crime (biology, schools, families, communities), and topics currently generating a great deal of attention (criminal activities of gangs, sex offenders, prisoner reentry, changing crime rates).
Author: James Q. Wilson
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0195399358
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 657
Get Book Here
Book Description
Crime in the United States has fluctuated considerably over the past thirty years, as have the policy approaches to deal with it. During this time, criminologists and other scholars have helped to shed light on the roles of incarceration, prevention, drugs, guns, policing, and numerous other aspects to crime control. Yet the latest research is rarely heard in public discussions and is often missing from the desks of policymakers. This book summarizes the latest scientific information on the causes of crime and the evidence about what does and does not work to control it. As with previous editions, each essay reviews the existing literature, discusses the methodological rigor of the studies, identifies what policies and programs the studies suggest, and then points to policies now implemented that fail to reflect the evidence. The chapters cover the principle institutions of the criminal justice system (juvenile justice, police, prisons, probation and parole, sentencing), how broader aspects of social life inhibit or encourage crime (biology, schools, families, communities), and topics currently generating a great deal of attention (criminal activities of gangs, sex offenders, prisoner reentry, changing crime rates).
Author: Chicago Assembly
Publisher: University of Illinois Press
ISBN: 9780962675539
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 332
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Book Description
Hardy (management, McGill U.) examines how Canadian university administrators responded to declining enrolment, funding cutbacks, and public demands for more accountability during the 1980s. Citing six examples, she argues that their efforts to centralize authority and reallocate resources have failed to account for the political realities of university life and conflict, and recommends they take a broader view and seek consensus among competitors for scarce resources. Canadian card order number: C95-920993-X. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309467136
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 409
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Book Description
Proactive policing, as a strategic approach used by police agencies to prevent crime, is a relatively new phenomenon in the United States. It developed from a crisis in confidence in policing that began to emerge in the 1960s because of social unrest, rising crime rates, and growing skepticism regarding the effectiveness of standard approaches to policing. In response, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s, innovative police practices and policies that took a more proactive approach began to develop. This report uses the term "proactive policing" to refer to all policing strategies that have as one of their goals the prevention or reduction of crime and disorder and that are not reactive in terms of focusing primarily on uncovering ongoing crime or on investigating or responding to crimes once they have occurred. Proactive policing is distinguished from the everyday decisions of police officers to be proactive in specific situations and instead refers to a strategic decision by police agencies to use proactive police responses in a programmatic way to reduce crime. Today, proactive policing strategies are used widely in the United States. They are not isolated programs used by a select group of agencies but rather a set of ideas that have spread across the landscape of policing. Proactive Policing reviews the evidence and discusses the data and methodological gaps on: (1) the effects of different forms of proactive policing on crime; (2) whether they are applied in a discriminatory manner; (3) whether they are being used in a legal fashion; and (4) community reaction. This report offers a comprehensive evaluation of proactive policing that includes not only its crime prevention impacts but also its broader implications for justice and U.S. communities.
Author: Barry W. Hancock
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 472
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Book Description
The articles in this anthology address the policy dimensions of criminal justice.
Author: James Q. Wilson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 732
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Book Description
Contributors describe the what is known about the capabilities and limitations of alternate policies and strategies to understand and control crime, in chapters on deterring crime, rehabilitation, biomedical factors in crime, schools, the labor market, and probation and parole. Other topics discussed include crime rates, juvenile crime, gun control, alcohol and drug abuse, the police, and prisons.
Author: Michael H. Tonry
Publisher: Oxford Handbooks
ISBN: 0195336178
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 655
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Book Description
This handbook offers a comprehensive examination of crimes as public policy subjects to provide an authoritative overview of current knowledge about the nature, scale, and effects of diverse forms of criminal behaviour and of efforts to prevent and control them.
Author: Sue Hobbs
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317755472
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 278
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Book Description
This new textbook will provide students of criminology with a better understanding of criminal justice policy and, in doing so, offers a framework for analysing the social, economic and political processes that shape its creation. The book adopts a policy-oriented approach to criminal justice, connecting the study of criminology to the wider study of British government, public administration and politics. Throughout the book the focus is on key debates and competing perspectives on how policy decisions are made. Recognising that contemporary criminal justice policymakers operate in a highly politicised, public arena under the gaze of an ever-increasing variety of groups, organisations and individuals who have a stake in a particular policy issue, the book explores how and why these people seek to influence policymaking. It also recognises that criminal policy differs from other areas of public policy, as policy decisions affect the liberty and freedoms of citizens. Throughout, key ideas and debates are linked to wider sociology, criminology and social policy theory. Key features include: a foreword by Tim Newburn, leading criminologist and author of Criminology (2nd Edition, 2013), a critical and informed analysis of the concepts, ideas and institutional practices that shape criminal justice policy making, an exploration of the relationship between criminal justice and wider social policy, a critical analysis of the debate about how and why behaviour becomes defined as requiring a criminal justice solution, a range of case studies, tasks, seminar questions and suggested further readings to keep the student engaged. This text is perfect for students taking modules in criminology; criminal justice; and social and public policy, as well as those taking courses on criminal and administrative law.
Author: John Braithwaite
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135094438
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 349
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Book Description
First published in 1979, Inequality, Crime, and Public Policy integrates and interprets the vast corpus of existing research on social class, slums, and crime, and presents its own findings on these matters. It explores two major questions. First, do policies designed to redistribute wealth and power within capitalist societies have effects upon crime? Second, do policies created to overcome the residential segregation of social classes have effects on crime? The book provides a brilliantly comprehensive and systematic review of the empirical evidence to support or refute the classic theories of Engles, Bonger, Merton, Cloward and Ohlin, Cohen, Miller, Shaw and McKay, amongst many others. Braithwaite confronts these theories with evidence of the extent and nature of white collar crime, and a consideration of the way law enhancement and law enforcement might serve class interest.
Author: Todd R. Clear
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0195387201
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 274
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Book Description
In the first detailed, empirical exploration of the effects of mass incarceration on poor places, Imprisoning Communities demonstrates that in high doses incarceration contributes to the very social problems it is intended to solve: it breaks up family and social networks; deprives siblings, spouses, and parents of emotional and financial support; and threatens the economic and political infrastructure of already struggling neighborhoods. Especially at risk are children who, research shows, are more likely to commit a crime if a father or brother has been to prison. Clear makes the counterintuitive point that when incarceration concentrates at high levels, crime rates will go up. Removal, in other words, has exactly the opposite of its intended effect: it destabilizes the community, thus further reducing public safety.
Author: Nancy E. Marion
Publisher: Pearson Higher Ed
ISBN: 0133003078
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 512
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Book Description
This is the eBook of the printed book and may not include any media, website access codes, or print supplements that may come packaged with the bound book. PUBLIC POLICY OF CRIME AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE, 2/e explains the public policy process and applies it directly to crime and criminal justice. Written by scholars in the field of criminal justice, with backgrounds in political science and public policy, the book presents a solid understanding of public policy and then describes each of the various actors in the public policy process at the federal, state and local level. This edition includes an enhanced focus on state and local issues, updated research and illustrations that reflect the Obama administration. Finally, it closes with a real-world case study that illustrates how policy and politics impact criminal justice.
