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Author: Rebecca Huss-Ashmore
Publisher: UPenn Museum of Archaeology
ISBN: 9780924171949
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Book Description
Seasonal fluctuations constrain the food production options of nonindustrial peoples. How do people cope with these constraints and what are the consequences of seasonality for human health and well-being? The papers in this volume address these issues from a variety of perspectives. Included are studies of physiological responses to seasonal scarcity, seasonality research in archaeology, and ethnographic case studies of the role of seasonality in food procurement. MASCA Vol. 5
Author: Rebecca Huss-Ashmore
Publisher: UPenn Museum of Archaeology
ISBN: 9780924171949
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 148
Get Book Here
Book Description
Seasonal fluctuations constrain the food production options of nonindustrial peoples. How do people cope with these constraints and what are the consequences of seasonality for human health and well-being? The papers in this volume address these issues from a variety of perspectives. Included are studies of physiological responses to seasonal scarcity, seasonality research in archaeology, and ethnographic case studies of the role of seasonality in food procurement. MASCA Vol. 5
Author: Elizabeth Jean Reitz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780306452529
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 434
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Book Description
This volume contains case studies in environmental archaeology that apply data obtained from various disciplines-including zooarchaeology, archaeobotany, human biology, and geoarchaeology-to explore important anthropological issues. Studies include geological and biological data from sites located in North America, the Caribbean basin, and South America. Rather than critiquing or advocating specific environmental techniques, each study demonstrates how and why the information obtained from their use is important to anthropologists and archaeologists.
Author: Nina L. Etkin
Publisher: University of Arizona Press
ISBN: 9780816520671
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
People have long used wild plants as food and medicine, and for a myriad of other important cultural applications. While these plants and the foraging activities associated with them have been dismissed by some observers as secondary or supplementaryÑor even backwardÑtheir contributions to human survival and well-being are more significant than is often realized. Eating on the Wild Side spans the history of human-plant interactions to examine how wild plants are used to meet medicinal, nutritional, and other human needs. Drawing on nonhuman primate studies, evidence from prehistoric human populations, and field research among contemporary peoples practicing a range of subsistence strategies, the book focuses on the processes and human ecological implications of gathering, semidomestication, and cultivation of plants that are unfamiliar to most of us. Contributions by distinguished cultural and biological anthropologists, paleobotanists, primatologists, and ethnobiologists explore a number of issues such as the consumption of unpalatable and famine foods, the comparative assessment of aboriginal diets with those of colonists and later arrivals, and the apparent self-treatment by sick chimpanzees with leaves shown to be pharmacologically active. Collectively, these articles offer a theoretical framework emphasizing the cultural evolutionary processes that transform plants from wild to domesticatedÑwith many steps in betweenÑwhile placing wild plant use within current discussions surrounding biodiversity and its conservation. Eating on the Wild Side makes an important contribution to our understanding of the links between biology and culture, describing the interface between diet, medicine, and natural products. By showing how various societies have successfully utilized wild plants, it underscores the growing concern for preserving genetic diversity as it reveals a fascinating chapter in the human ecology. CONTENTS 1. The Cull of the Wild, Nina L. Etkin Selection 2. Agriculture and the Acquisition of Medicinal Plant Knowledge, Michael H. Logan & Anna R. Dixon 3. Ambivalence to the Palatability Factors in Wild Food Plants, Timothy Johns 4. Wild Plants as Cultural Adaptations to Food Stress, Rebecca Huss-Ashmore & Susan L. Johnston Physiologic Implications of Wild Plant Consumption 5. Pharmacologic Implications of "Wild" Plants in Hausa Diet, Nina L. Etkin & Paul J. Ross 6. Wild Plants as Food and Medicine in Polynesia, Paul Alan Cox 7. Characteristics of "Wild" Plant Foods Used by Indigenous Populations in Amazonia, Darna L. Dufour & Warren M. Wilson 8. The Health Significance of Wild Plants for the Siona and Secoya, William T. Vickers 9. North American Food and Drug Plants, Daniel M. Moerman Wild Plants in Prehistory 10. Interpreting Wild Plant Foods in the Archaeological Record, Frances B. King 11. Coprolite Evidence for Prehistoric Foodstuffs, Condiments, and Medicines, Heather B. Trigg, Richard I. Ford, John G. Moore & Louise D. Jessop Plants and Nonhuman Primates 12. Nonhuman Primate Self-Medication with Wild Plant Foods, Kenneth E. Glander 13. Wild Plant Use by Pregnant and Lactating Ringtail Lemurs, with Implications for Early Hominid Foraging, Michelle L. Sauther Epilogue 14. In Search of Keystone Societies, Brien A. Meilleur
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251317488
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
To better understand the resilience and vulnerability of the populations in Chad, the Sudan and South Sudan, the Feinstein International Center, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University has drawn on available secondary data on nutrition, environmental factors (rainfall, temperature and vegetation), conflict and emergency events, together with primary qualitative findings from eastern Chad and western Sudan, prioritizing community perspectives. The report findings underscore the importance of environmental variability and the persistence of climate, conflict and other shocks in relation to livelihood resilience and transformation over time. The findings also challenge long-standing assumptions about the seasonality of malnutrition and present new findings on livelihoods in countries struggling with or seeking to recover from climate, conflict and other disasters. Many humanitarian programmes have been in continuous operation in eastern Chad, Darfur and Bahr el Ghazal for over two decades. From a community perspective, the past 50 years have been a series of multiple and overlapping hazardous events, many persisting for years, exacerbating their impact and eroding resilience. At the same time, the region is characterized by environmental variability, including rainfall variability (spatially as well as seasonally, and over years) and ecological diversity. Farming and pastoralist livelihood systems characteristic of the region have co-evolved in response to this environmental variability and have adapted to manage delayed rains and drier spells. However, the long history and protracted nature of many shocks, combined with wider trends, have contributed to pivotal changes and to transformations of these livelihoods, although the dryland farming and pastoralist systems remain central to local livelihoods and the economy. The role of seasonality is further reflected in the observed patterns of different types of conflict. Our data reveal that the region has continued to suffer from high rates of acute malnutrition over the past 25 years, with seasonal peaks regularly exceeding the emergency threshold of 15 percent. Furthermore, contrary to the assumption that in a unimodal rainfall system the peak of acute malnutrition occurs at the end of the lean season, when food insecurity is at its peak, our data show that there are two peaks of acute malnutrition. The first and larger peak occurs at the end of the dry season. It is followed by a slight improvement in acute malnutrition and then a secondary but smaller peak after the lean season. Drawing on the qualitative community perspectives, our analysis points to the seasonality of livelihood systems linked with environmental variability as the crucial determinants of the twin peaks, through its effects on food security, care and health. The analysis also provides insights into the seasonality of different types of conflict, part of which is also related to seasonality of livelihood activities. The findings from this study have direct implications for household recovery, resilience and nutrition, and raise specific considerations for data collection, future research, programming and policy.
Author: Stanley J. Ulijaszek
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521432955
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
Looks at energy intake, expenditure and balance in traditional subsistence populations.
Author: John R. Stepp
Publisher: University of Georgia Press
ISBN: 9780820323497
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 740
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Book Description
The most comprehensive collection of papers in the field to date, this volume presents state-of-the-art research and commentary from more than fifty of the world's leading ethnobiologists. Covering a wide range of ecosystems and world regions, the papers center on global change and the relationships among traditional knowledge, biological diversity, and cultural diversity. Specific themes include the acquisition, persistence, and loss of traditional ecological knowledge; intellectual property rights and benefits sharing; ethnobiological classification; medical ethnobotany; ethnoentomology; ethnobiology and natural resource management; homegardens; and agriculture and traditional knowledge. The volume will be of interest to scholars in anthropology, ecology, and related fields and also to professionals in conservation and indigenous rights organizations.
Author: David Small
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004329404
Category : Literary Criticism
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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Book Description
This collection of essays treats the fundamental issue of the correlation of archaeology and texts in recreating the ancient Mediterranean world. Contributions from Classical and Near Eastern archaeologists and historians address specific points of correlation, and their potential for future productive research in the Mediterranean. After an introduction to the issue of texts and archaeology, the essays treat concepts such as: site as text, artifactual contingency of meaning, correlating survey with documents, contextual independence of evidence, textual bases for archaeological approaches, and correlating faunal evidence with texts. This book will be of important use to archaeologists and historians of the Mediterranean, and scholars of archaeological research in historical archaeology in general.
Author: Kirk Helliker
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030948005
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
The book provides empirically-rich case studies of the lives and livelihoods of marginalised ethnic minorities in colonial and post-colonial Zimbabwe, with a specific focus on diverse rural areas. It demonstrates the dynamic and complex relationships existing between ethnic minorities and livelihoods, and analyses the ways in which projects of belonging (and identity-formation) amongst these ethnic minorities are entangled in their respective livelihood construction projects, and vice versa. The ethnic minorities include those considered indigenous to Zimbabwe, and those often defined as ‘aliens’, including ethnicities with a transnational presence in southern Africa. The ethnicities studied in the book include the following: Chewa, Doma, Tonga, Tshwa San, Shangane, Basotho, Ndau, Hlengwe and Nambya. By studying their livelihoods in particular, this book offers the first full manuscript about ethnic minorities in Zimbabwe. In doing so, it highlights the significance of these ethnic minorities to Zimbabwean history, politics and society.
Author: Kostandinos S. Christakis
Publisher: INSTAP Academic Press
ISBN: 1623030129
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
The storage of staples and its importance for the functioning of Cretan Bronze Age society has become an active topic of debate. This study reassesses the intrinsic relationship between storage and sociopolitical complexity by combining testimonies on the storage of staples from palatial, nonpalatial elite, and ordinary domestic contexts dated to the LM I period. The main goals are (1) to examine a wide range of information concerned with the storage of staples; (2) to develop a comprehensive model to explain how storage strategies operate within LM I societies; and (3) to infer sociopolitical and socio-economic levels of interaction among the different social sectors operating within LM I societies (mainly LM IB societies).
Author: Helen Macbeth
Publisher: Berghahn Books
ISBN: 1782381880
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 232
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Book Description
Food preferences and tastes are among the fundamentals affecting human existence; the sociocultural, physiological and neurological factors involved have therefore been widely researched and are well documented. However, information and debate on these factors are scattered across the academic literature of different disciplines. In this volume cross-disciplinary perspectives are brought together by an international team of contributors that includes socialand biological anthropologists, ethologists and ethnologists, psychologists, neurologists and zoologists in order to provide access to the different specialisms on the topic.
