Control of a Simultaneous Nitrification-denitrification Process by Means of Respirometry PDF Download
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Author: K. P. H. Meesters
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 53
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Book Description
Author: K. P. H. Meesters
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 53
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Book Description
Author: Henri Spanjers
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1900222043
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 202
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Book Description
Ebook only (available soon) The report describes the principles of measurement of respiration rate, the transformation of measurement data into other types of information, and the application of the obtained information in process control strategies. Some fundamental concepts on biological respiration and process control are provided to assist the reader with understanding the principles. A structured overview comprises some eighty control strategies in which respirometry plays a role. To enable the reader to consult the information sources, an extensive literature list of over 500 references in included and classified into six themes. Contents Fundamentals of Respiration Measuring Principles Measured and Deduced Variables Elementary Control Concepts Respirometry in Control of the Activated Sludge Process Summary and Perspectives. Scientific and Technical Report No.7 Also Available Respirometry in Control of the Activated Sludge Process: Benchmarking Control Strategies
Author: Ivan Zhu
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535132997
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 122
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Book Description
Nitrification and denitrification are essential processes for aquatic ecological system and vital for human health. While ammonia is applied for disinfection together with chlorine to produce chloramine, excessive ammonia may cause nitrification and bacteria growth in water transmission pipeline. Since excessive discharge may cause eutrophication and deterioration of aquatic system, nitrate is regulated for wastewater discharge in sensitive areas. Further, nitrate needs to be monitored and controlled in drinking water treatment to protect against methemoglobinemia in bottle-fed infants.
Author: Klangduen Pochana
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Denitrification
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: A. G. Smith
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Denitrifying bacteria
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
This report describes a full-scale evaluation of the split return mode for nitrification-denitrification of a combined domestic/ industrial wastewater. The investigation, which took place from July 1974 to December 1975 at the Ontario Ministry of the Environment's Ontario Experimental Facility at Brampton, followed pilot-studies at Kleinburg, Ontario. The evaluation investigated the effect of ferric chloride addition on phosphorous removal; the effect of solids retention times and sludge ages on nitrogen reactions at various temperatures; hydrogen peroxide addition and the use of a screen centrifuge on mixed liquor conditioning; as weIl as the suitability of the system for solids control and for maintenance of consistent nitrogen removal under different temperature conditions. It was concluded that the single-sludge, split-return system gave excellent nitrogen removal with minimal methanol application.
Author: Sumio Masuda
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 21
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Book Description
The phenomenon of (Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification) in a RBC process was confirmed by measuring nitrogen gas production. The SND in a RBC was experimentally studied in terms of mean residence time, organic loading, water temperature, and the partial pressure of oxygen in the air phase. Most of the conventional biological processes for nitrogen removal consist of a series of unit processes which perform organic oxidation, nitrification, and denitrification separately. On the other hand, in the case of nitrogen removal using the RBC nitrification process, all the organic oxidation, nitrification, and denitrification could be accomplished in the same reactor. The obtained results are summarized as follows: (1) In a closed RBC for nitrification, nitrogen gas increased in the air phase, while oxygen gas decreased. (2) The nitrogen removal rate due to SND depended upon the MRT, C/N ratio, water temperature, partial pressure of oxygen, and ammonia concentration. When the other parameters were fixed, the optimum C/N ratio existed for the maximum nitrogen removal rate due to SND. (3) The SND patterns were classified into three types depending on the experimental conditions.
Author: Faisal I. Hai
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1780409168
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 598
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Book Description
The MBR market continues to experience a massive growth. The best practice in the field is constantly changing and unique quality requirements and management issues are regularly emerging. The second edition of Membrane Biological Reactors: Theory, Modeling, Design, Management and Applications to Wastewater Reuse comprehensively covers the salient features and emerging issues associated with the MBR technology. The book provides thorough coverage starting from biological aspects and fundamentals of membranes, via modeling and design concepts, to practitioners’ perspective and good application examples. In the second edition, the chapters have been updated to cover the recently emerged issues. Particularly, the book presents the current status of the technology including market drivers/ restraints and development trend. Process fundamentals (both the biological and membrane components) have received in-depth coverage in the new edition. A new chapter has been added to provide a stronger focus on reuse applications in general and the decisive role of MBR in the entire reuse chain. The second edition also comes with a new chapter containing practical design problems to complement the concepts communicated throughout the book. Other distinguishing features of the new edition are coverage of novel developments and hybrid processes for specialised wastewaters, energy efficiency and sustainability of the process, aspects of MBR process automation and recent material on case studies. The new edition is a valuable reference to the academic and professional community and suitable for undergraduate and postgraduate teaching in Environmental Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology.
Author: Ann Elizabeth Sager
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Environmental engineering
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The discharge of point- and non-point source pollutants into surface waters resulting from industrial and/or municipal activities is a major focus of environmental regulation in the United States. As a result, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program was established in 1972 in an effort to regulate discharges from industrial or municipal sources, including wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). To further protect Florida water quality, in 1978, State legislation enacted the Grizzle-Figg Act for Tampa Bay, which requires advanced wastewater treatment for any discharge into sensitive water bodies. A common use of wastewater effluent in the Tampa Bay area is for reclaimed water for irrigation. This leads to an estimated 90% reduction of total nitrogen (TN) load to the bay in comparison to direct discharge (TBEP, 2016). One type of wastewater treatment process that has been shown to have low aeration and chemical requirements is simultaneous nitrification denitrification (SND), which can be carried out in an oxidation ditch. SND is a biological process for nitrogen removal where nitrification and denitrification occur at the same time within the same reactor. An oxidation ditch is a race-track type reactor that promotes the occurrence biological conversion of reactive nitrogen to nitrogen gas (N2) and additionally can provide enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR). Many theories exist as to the mechanisms that allow SND to occur, but the literature is inconclusive as to whether the presence of different zones within the floc, within the reactor itself, a combination of the two or unique microorganisms are responsible for SND. Advantages of SND include efficient (80-96%) nitrogen removal, with significant reductions in energy, chemical, equipment and spatial requirements.
Author: Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1780404743
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 362
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Book Description
Over the past twenty years, the knowledge and understanding of wastewater treatment has advanced extensively and moved away from empirically based approaches to a fundamentally-based first principles approach embracing chemistry, microbiology, and physical and bioprocess engineering, often involving experimental laboratory work and techniques. Many of these experimental methods and techniques have matured to the degree that they have been accepted as reliable tools in wastewater treatment research and practice. For sector professionals, especially a new generation of young scientists and engineers entering the wastewater treatment profession, the quantity, complexity and diversity of these new developments can be overwhelming, particularly in developing countries where access to advanced level laboratory courses in wastewater treatment is not readily available. In addition, information on innovative experimental methods is scattered across scientific literature and only partially available in the form of textbooks or guidelines. This book seeks to address these deficiencies. It assembles and integrates the innovative experimental methods developed by research groups and practitioners around the world. Experimental Methods in Wastewater Treatment forms part of the internet-based curriculum in wastewater treatment at UNESCO-IHE and, as such, may also be used together with video records of experimental methods performed and narrated by the authors including guidelines on what to do and what not to do. The book is written for undergraduate and postgraduate students, researchers, laboratory staff, plant operators, consultants, and other sector professionals.
Author: Gustaf Olsson
Publisher: IWA Publishing (International Water Assoc)
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 532
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Book Description
Instrumentation, control and automation (ICA) in the water industry has come a long way in the three decades since the first IAWPR workshops on the subject and is now a well established and recognised area of technology. This has resulted from a combination of factors: improvements in the capabilities of hardware and software, developments in theoretical understanding and practical applications, and a wider awareness of the power of ICA. These developments continue at pace, and so the heavyweight programme of the 8th conference in this series (the first under the banner of the International Water Association) attracted a large attendance. A central goal of the conference was to link practical operating experience with new research results on sensor technology, instrumentation, control, and automation systems. This is important in both water and wastewater treatment and transport systems, which incorporate increasingly complex measurement systems, information technology, control systems and human interaction. From the extensive programme 60 papers were selected by a thorough review procedure for these selected proceedings. Topics covers include: process control; sensors for wastewater characterization; benchmarking for control strategy development and testing; sensors for monitoring and detection; process monitoring, detection and early warning systems; process and plant-wide control approaches; modeling and simulation; network control and integrated approaches; applied control; and operational support and experiences. They provide a genuinely state-of-the-art compilation in a field of central importance to water and wastewater.
