Conception de biomatériaux hybrides à base de cellules souches pour l'ingénierie tissulaire PDF Download
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Author: Benjamin Mesure
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Les pathologies musculo-squelettiques affectant les os et les articulations demeurent un défi pour la médecine régénératrice. Les difficultés retrouvées sont liées aux besoins d'une vascularisation tissulaire optimale pour les substituts osseux et à l'obtention d'un cartilage de qualité pour les substituts articulaires. Les objectifs de ces travaux de thèse étaient de parvenir à différencier des cellules souches mésenchymateuses (CSM) ombilicales humaines - outil de choix en médecine régénérative - vers un phénotype vasculaire et un phénotype chondrogénique articulaire pour répondre aux besoins de l'ingénierie tissulaire musculo-squelettique. La différenciation de CSM ombilicales en cellules musculaires lisses vasculaires a été montrée après 12 jours de stimulation par des facteurs solubles comme le transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 et l'acide ascorbique. Face aux limites des supports de culture en deux dimensions in vitro, un modèle de culture tridimensionnel a été mis en place à l'aide de CSM cultivées en “pellets” en présence ou non d'une solution matrice extracellulaire (MEC) ombilicale pour les expériences suivantes. Les facteurs solubles disposant d'une efficacité limitée et étant souvent onéreux, une transduction des “pellets” de CSM-GW a été réalisée à l'aide de virus adéno-associés recombinants (rAAV) permettant une synthèse de facteurs par les cellules à plus long terme. Ici, les pellets ont été transduits à l'aide de rAAV contenant le gène du facteur de transcription Sox9 afin d'induire une différenciation chondrogénique articulaire. Ces travaux démontrent l'intérêt d'associer la MEC et les CSM ombilicales humaines dans un modèle de culture en trois dimensions, ainsi que les outils de thérapie génique comme les rAAV pour constituer des implants utilisables pour régénérer les tissus musculo-squelettiques.
Author: Benjamin Mesure
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Les pathologies musculo-squelettiques affectant les os et les articulations demeurent un défi pour la médecine régénératrice. Les difficultés retrouvées sont liées aux besoins d'une vascularisation tissulaire optimale pour les substituts osseux et à l'obtention d'un cartilage de qualité pour les substituts articulaires. Les objectifs de ces travaux de thèse étaient de parvenir à différencier des cellules souches mésenchymateuses (CSM) ombilicales humaines - outil de choix en médecine régénérative - vers un phénotype vasculaire et un phénotype chondrogénique articulaire pour répondre aux besoins de l'ingénierie tissulaire musculo-squelettique. La différenciation de CSM ombilicales en cellules musculaires lisses vasculaires a été montrée après 12 jours de stimulation par des facteurs solubles comme le transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 et l'acide ascorbique. Face aux limites des supports de culture en deux dimensions in vitro, un modèle de culture tridimensionnel a été mis en place à l'aide de CSM cultivées en “pellets” en présence ou non d'une solution matrice extracellulaire (MEC) ombilicale pour les expériences suivantes. Les facteurs solubles disposant d'une efficacité limitée et étant souvent onéreux, une transduction des “pellets” de CSM-GW a été réalisée à l'aide de virus adéno-associés recombinants (rAAV) permettant une synthèse de facteurs par les cellules à plus long terme. Ici, les pellets ont été transduits à l'aide de rAAV contenant le gène du facteur de transcription Sox9 afin d'induire une différenciation chondrogénique articulaire. Ces travaux démontrent l'intérêt d'associer la MEC et les CSM ombilicales humaines dans un modèle de culture en trois dimensions, ainsi que les outils de thérapie génique comme les rAAV pour constituer des implants utilisables pour régénérer les tissus musculo-squelettiques.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264545190
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
The artificial intelligence (AI) landscape has evolved significantly from 1950 when Alan Turing first posed the question of whether machines can think. Today, AI is transforming societies and economies. It promises to generate productivity gains, improve well-being and help address global challenges, such as climate change, resource scarcity and health crises.
Author: Anwarul Hasan
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527338632
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 762
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Book Description
A comprehensive overview of the latest achievements, trends, and the current state of the art of this important and rapidly expanding field. Clearly and logically structured, the first part of the book explores the fundamentals of tissue engineering, providing a separate chapter on each of the basic topics, including biomaterials stem cells, biosensors and bioreactors. The second part then follows a more applied approach, discussing various applications of tissue engineering, such as the replacement or repairing of skins, cartilages, livers and blood vessels, to trachea, lungs and cardiac tissues, to musculoskeletal tissue engineering used for bones and ligaments as well as pancreas, kidney and neural tissue engineering for the brain. The book concludes with a look at future technological advances. An invaluable reading for entrants to the field in biomedical engineering as well as expert researchers and developers in industry.
Author: H. Baharvand
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118540611
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 438
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Book Description
Stem Cell Nanoengineering reviews the applications of nanotechnology in the fields of stem cells, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. Topics addressed include various types of stem cells, underlying principles of nanobiotechnology, the making of nano-scaffolds, nano tissue engineering, applications of nanotechnology in stem cell tracking and molecular imaging, nano-devices, as well as stem cell nano-engineering from bench to bedside. Written by renowned experts in their respective fields, chapters describe and explore a wide variety of topics in stem cell nanoengineering, making the book a valuable resource for both researchers and clinicians in biomedical and bioengineering fields.
Author: Martin Carrier
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9048190517
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 483
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Book Description
We increasingly view the world around us as a product of science and technology. Accordingly, we have begun to appreciate that science does not take its problems only from nature and then produces technological applications, but that the very problems of scientific research themselves are generated by science and technology. Simultaneously, problems like global warming, the toxicology of nanoparticles, or the use of renewable energies are constituted by many factors that interact with great complexity. Science in the context of application is challenged to gain new understanding and control of such complexity—it cannot seek shelter in the ivory tower or simply pursue its internal quest for understanding and gradual improvement of grand theories. Science in the Context of Application will identify, explore and assess these changes. Part I considers the "Changing Conditions of Scientific Research" and part II "Science, Values, and Society". Examples are drawn from pharmaceutical research, the information sciences, simulation modelling, nanotechnology, cancer research, the effects of commercialization, and many other fields. The book assembles papers from well-known European and American Science Studies scholars like Bernadette Bensaude-Vincent, Janet Kourany, Michael Mahoney, Margaret Morrison, Hans-Jörg Rheinberger, Arie Rip, Dan Sarewitz, Peter Weingart, and others. The individual chapters are written to address anyone who is concerned about the role of contemporary science in society, including scientists, philosophers, and policy makers.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264489452
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 226
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Book Description
In July 2020, the Investment Committee recommended to Council to invite Uruguay to become the 50th adherent to the OECD Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises. This OECD Investment Policy Review of Uruguay documents the progress made in recent years to align investment policies with the national development strategy in pursuit of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Author: William Sims Bainbridge
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9789401703604
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 468
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Book Description
M. C. Roco and W.S. Bainbridge In the early decades of the 21st century, concentrated efforts can unify science based on the unity of nature, thereby advancing the combination of nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology, and new technologies based in cognitive science. With proper attention to ethical issues and societal needs, converging in human abilities, societal technologies could achieve a tremendous improvement outcomes, the nation's productivity, and the quality of life. This is a broad, cross cutting, emerging and timely opportunity of interest to individuals, society and humanity in the long term. The phrase "convergent technologies" refers to the synergistic combination of four major "NBIC" (nano-bio-info-cogno) provinces of science and technology, each of which is currently progressing at a rapid rate: (a) nanoscience and nanotechnology; (b) biotechnology and biomedicine, including genetic engineering; (c) information technology, including advanced computing and communications; (d) cognitive science, including cognitive neuroscience. Timely and Broad Opportunity. Convergence of diverse technologies is based on material unity at the nanoscale and on technology integration from that scale.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264305912
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 132
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Book Description
Government at a Glance Southeast Asia 2019 is the first edition in the Government at a Glance series for the region. It provides the latest available data on public administrations in the 10 ASEAN member countries: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam.
Author: Bernadette Bensaude-Vincent
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262026201
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 341
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Book Description
These essays - written by specialists of different periods and various disciplines - reveal that the division between nature and art has been continually challenged and reassesed in Western thought. Nature and art, the essays suggest, are mutually constructed, defining and redifining themselves.
Author: William Sims Bainbridge
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402041071
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 381
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Book Description
With the convergence of Nanotechnology, Biotechnology, Information technology and Cognitive science (NBIC) fields promising to change our competitive, operational, and employment landscape in fundamental ways, we find ourselves on the brink of a new technological and science-driven business revolution. The already emerging reality of convergence is to be found in genomics, robotics, bio-information and artificial intelligence applications, such as: • Self-assembled, self-cleaning and self-healing manufactured materials and textiles, and much stronger, lighter and more customizable structural materials, • Miniature sensors allowing unobtrusive real-time health monitoring and dramatically improved diagnosis; with greatly enhanced real time information to vehicles and drivers on the way, • New generations of supercomputers and efficient energy generators based on biological processes, • Greatly enhanced drug delivery from unprecedented control over fundamental structural properties and biocompatibility of materials. These advances are here already, or in development. And Japan, other Asian nations and Western European countries are investing heavily and moving aggressively to develop and apply NBIC technologies. Notwithstanding the passage of the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and Development Act, significant further funding and action by both government and private industry will be critical to maintaining US scientific and industry leadership.
