Comparison of Plantar Flexor and Dorsiflexor Torque Values During Isokinetic Loading PDF Download
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Author: Teri Ann Cooksey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Muscles
Languages : en
Pages : 130
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Author: Teri Ann Cooksey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Muscles
Languages : en
Pages : 130
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dance
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Author: Laura Carmines
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Foot
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of our study was to determine if a relationship exists between plantarfiexor and dorsiflexor strength and spatial and temporal gait parameters including velocity, cadence, step length, and single limb support, in the older adult. BACKGROUND: By determining if there is a relationship between strength and function it can lead the way for further research to examine strength training programs as a method of improving ambulation in an older adult. SUBJECTS: Subjects were adults 65 years or older who were recruited from Reed's Landing independent living facility and the local Springfield, MA community. METHODS: First, the subjects underwent familiarization with the Cybex NORM© isokinetic dynamometer followed by gait analysis using the Clinical Stride Analyzer©. Next, peak torque and work of the ankle musculature was measured using the isokinetic dynamometer. DATA ANALYSIS: SPSS version 17.0 statistical software program was used to perform a Pearson product correlation coefficient to determine correlations between the variables. An a posteriori regression analysis was also used to determine a difference between plantarfiexor and dorsiflexor strength to predict gait parameters. RESULTS: A strong correlation was found between gait velocity and step length (r=.92). Moderate negative correlations were identified between cadence and right dorsiflexor torque at 60°/sec (r -.58) and 120°/sec (r= -.55) and cadence and right dorsiflexor work (r= -.68). An a posteriori regression analysis did not reveal a significant difference between dorsiflexor and plantarfiexor torque in predicting cadence. CONCLUSIONS: The results did not strongly support the hypothesis of the study, which was that there would be a relationship between ankle musculature and gait parameters. It would be beneficial to perform further research on this topic to determine if a relationship does exist that may have been confounded by the limitations of this study or if other muscle groups have an impact on gait parameters in the older adult.
Author: Ryan Kalkbrenner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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INTRODUCTIONStudies of the musculoskeletal structure of sprinters suggest that sprinters differ from their non-sprinting counterparts in several ways that have the potential to affect sprinting performance. The plantarflexor (PF) muscles have received the bulk of this attention. Sprinters have been shown to have longer PF muscle fascicles, lesser PF pennation, and shorter moment arms for the Achilles tendon [1,2,3]. Characteristics such as these should facilitate the production of work at high shortening velocities, and this has been demonstrated using musculoskeletal computer simulations [2,3]. The relationship of these differences to actual human performance, however, is the subject of some controversy. Sprint performance has been shown to correlate with PF fascicle length [4], but another study showed neither differences in PF properties between fast and slow sprinters nor correlation between these properties and performance [5].The purpose of this study was to test (1) whether sprinters are less affected by the effects of speed than non-sprinters when generating maximal PF moments in a dynamometer; and (2) if enhanced isokinetic PF strength among sprinters is associated with variation in musculoskeletal structure.METHODSThe participants in this study were 6 club-level collegiate sprinters (178±2 cm; 74±5 kg; 22±2 y) and 9 non-sprinters (179±6 cm; 79±16 kg; 21±2 y). There were no significant differences between the sprinter and non-sprinter groups in terms of stature, mass, BMI, or age (all p >= 0.541). All participants provided informed consent and all experimental procedures were approved by the Institutional Review Board of The Pennsylvania State University.Photographs were made of each participant's right foot in order to derive foot anthropometric measurements, including the distance from the lateral malleolus posterior to the Achilles tendon, which we used as a proxy for Achilles tendon moment arm. B-mode ultrasonography (Aloka 1100; transducer: SSD-625, 7.5 MHz and 39 mm scan width) was used to capture still images of the gastrocnemius lateralis (GL) as each participant stood. From these images we obtained measures of GL thickness t and pennation angle [alpha]; the fascicle length was calculated from these measures according tolF = t / sin([theta]).Plantar flexor strength was measured with subjects seated in a System 3 isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex Medical Systems) with the right foot unshod. Maximal plantar flexor torque was measured under isometric conditions and isokinetic conditions as the foot plate was rotated in the plantar flexion direction at 30 °/s, 120 °/s, and 210 °/s. Plantarflexor moment was assessed as the ankle passed through its neutral position at each speed in order to minimize length-dependent effects.T-tests were performed to identify sprinter-non-sprinter differences in the measured variables. A mixed model ANOVA was used to test for the influence of speed and group on maximum isokinetic moment normalized by isometric moment. Finally, simple regressions were done to identify correlations between isokinetic strength and fascicle length, moment arm, and pennation angle. The level of significance for these tests was set at p
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical rehabilitation
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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Author: Redha Taiar
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889745791
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 331
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Author: William Stanish
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 158
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This textbook provides a practical approach to the assessment and management of tendon disorders. This should be a useful reference for sports physicians, musculoskeletal specialists, orthopaedic surgeons and rheumatologists.
Author: Marvin E. Levin
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323041450
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 648
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Book Description
Fully updated, now in full color, this latest edition of Levin and O'Neal's The Diabetic Foot provides diagnostic and management information for the challenging problems faced by patients with diabetic foot problems. The book has a team care focus and offers tips and pearls in every chapter.
Author: Joel A. DeLisa
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1274
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Author: Lee E. Brown
Publisher: Human Kinetics
ISBN: 9780736000055
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 480
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Book Description
Table of Contents Contributors vii Preface ix Acknowledgments xi Credits xii Part I Foundations 1 Chapter 1 Test Interpretation 3 Chapter 2 Specificity of Training Modes 25 Chapter 3 Correlations With Athletic Performance 42 Part II Limitations 75 Chapter 4 Assessing Human Performance 77 Chapter 5 Load Range 97 Chapter 6 Three-Dimensional Mapping 122 Part III Functional Applications 147 Chapter 7 Testing and Training the Upper Extremity 149 Chapter 8 Testing and Training the Lower Extremity 171 Chapter 9 Multiple-Joint Performance Over a Velocity Spectrum 196 Chapter 10 Control of Voluntary Contraction Force 209 Chapter 11 Isokinetic Eccentric Muscle Actions 229 Chapter 12 Functional Lift Capacity 240 Chapter 13 Testing the Spine 258 Chapter 14 The Cardiovascular Effects of Isokinetic Resistance Exercise 277 Part IV Unique Populations 297 Chapter 15 Youth and Isokinetic Testing 299 Chapter 16 Aging and Isokinetic Strength 324 Chapter 17 Gender Differences in Isokinetic Strength 339 Chapter 18 Isokinetic Testing and Training in Tennis 358 Chapter 19 Assessment and Training in Baseball 378 Chapter 20 Assessment for Football: Soccer, Australian Rules, and American 407 Chapter 21 Simulated Space Flight 429 Epilogue 446 Index 447 About the Editor 457.
