Comparative study using banana peel and male flower as substrates for amylase production using Aspergillus niger in Kerala: an overview PDF Download
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Author: Prem Jose Vazhacharickal
Publisher: Amazon Publishers, USA
ISBN: 1074447603
Category : Reference
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
Amylases are well known for applications ranging from starch and food processes industry to medical applications. The increased demand for these enzymes in various industries has led to an enormous interest in developing enzymes with better properties such as raw starch degrading amylases. It is suggested that banana peel and male inflorescence could employ as a promising substrate for the production of amylase by Aspergillus niger. Further, solid state fermentation is a better choice for amylase production. The addition of external growth medium is also found beneficial for increasing enzyme production. The present study was undertaken to isolate, identify and characterize the Aspergillus niger in the culture medium followed by amylase production and extraction. The banana parts used here as substrates are ripe fruit peel and male inflorescence from locally cultivated species Ethan (Nendran), Palayamkodan (Palayanthodan), Rasakadali (Njali Poovan) and Sundari. The result shows that amylase from sundari peel have the best activity followed by Ethan peel. Ethan flower bud shows the least activity among the eight substrates under study.
Author: Prem Jose Vazhacharickal
Publisher: Amazon Publishers, USA
ISBN: 1074447603
Category : Reference
Languages : en
Pages : 58
Get Book Here
Book Description
Amylases are well known for applications ranging from starch and food processes industry to medical applications. The increased demand for these enzymes in various industries has led to an enormous interest in developing enzymes with better properties such as raw starch degrading amylases. It is suggested that banana peel and male inflorescence could employ as a promising substrate for the production of amylase by Aspergillus niger. Further, solid state fermentation is a better choice for amylase production. The addition of external growth medium is also found beneficial for increasing enzyme production. The present study was undertaken to isolate, identify and characterize the Aspergillus niger in the culture medium followed by amylase production and extraction. The banana parts used here as substrates are ripe fruit peel and male inflorescence from locally cultivated species Ethan (Nendran), Palayamkodan (Palayanthodan), Rasakadali (Njali Poovan) and Sundari. The result shows that amylase from sundari peel have the best activity followed by Ethan peel. Ethan flower bud shows the least activity among the eight substrates under study.
Author: S. Gowen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401107378
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 589
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Book Description
In a field of mature bananas, plants can be seen at all stages of vegetative growth and fruit maturity, providing a fascination for anyone who has an interest in growing crops. Banana farmers in the tropics can harvest fruit every day of the year. The absence of seasonality in production is an advantage, in that it provides a continuity of carbohydrate to meet dietary needs as well as a regular source of income, a feature that perhaps has been under-estimated by rural planners and agricultural strategists. The burgeoning interest in bananas in the last 20 years results from the belated realization that Musa is an under-exploited genus, notwithstanding the fact that one genetically narrow group, the Cavendish cultivars, supply a major export commodity second only to citrus in terms of the world fruit trade. International research interest in the diversity of fruit types has been slow to develop, presumably because bananas and plantains have hitherto been regarded as a reliable backyard source of dessert fruit or starch supplying the needs of the household, and in this situation relatively untroubled by pests, diseases or agronomic problems.
Author: Prem Jose Vazhacharickal
Publisher: Prem Jose
ISBN: 1713114453
Category : Reference
Languages : en
Pages : 156
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Book Description
Banana one of the most popular consumed fruits in the tropical and sub-tropical region. Most of the edible bananas present now a days are derived solely from Musa accuminata Colla or Musa balbisiana Colla or a hybrid between the two wild diploid species. The main objective of this research work is to provide an overview of various pest and diseases affecting Banana in South India. Diseases and pests of edible banana became problems when certain genotypes were grown as monocultures. Fusarium wilt and Sigatoka leaf spot were also affect the banana production in South-India. Bacterial wilt and Xanthomonas wilt are other bacterial diseases affecting the banana production. Bunchy top and bract mosaic are damaging virus diseases, which have a limited distribution at present. Virus diseases mosaic and streak are less damaging, but more widespread. Pre- and post-harvest diseases of fruit also cause losses. The burrowing nematode is the most important root parasite of banana, and the most damaging banana insect pest is the rhizome-attacking banana weevil. Genetic engineering and other biotechnology-based approaches could produce better diseases tolerant varieties. Chemical control has been employed successfully in the past to counter pests and pathogens, but resistance to fungicides and pesticides is becoming a major issue. Biological control methods are being employed more often in integrated pest management programmes could offer a promising result to address this issue.
Author: Antonio Morata
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3036501509
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
The use of non-Saccharomyces yeast species is currently a biotechnology trend in enology for which they are being broadly used to improve the sensory profile of wines because they affect aroma, color, and mouthfeel. They have become a powerful biotool to modulate the influence of global warming on grape varieties, helping to maintain the acidity, decrease the alcoholic degree, stabilize wine color, and increase freshness. In cool climates, some non-Saccharomyces can promote demalication or color stability by the formation of stable derived pigments. Additionally, non-Saccharomyces yeasts open new possibilities in biocontrol for removing spoilage yeast and bacteria or molds that can produce and release mycotoxins and, thereby, help in reducing applied SO2 levels.
Author: Sanjay Arora
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319482572
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 316
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Book Description
This edited volume focuses on the characterization, reclamation, bioremediation, and phytoremediation of salt affected soils and waterlogged sodic soils. Innovative technologies in managing marginal salt affected lands merit immediate attention in the light of climate change and its impact on crop productivity and environment. The decision-making process related to reclamation and management of vast areas of salt affected soils encompasses consideration of economic viability, environmental sustainability, and social acceptability of different approaches. The chapters in this book highlight the significant environmental and social impacts of different ameliorative techniques used to manage salt affected soils. Readers will discover new knowledge on the distribution, reactions, changes in bio-chemical properties and microbial ecology of salt affected soils through case studies exploring Indian soils. The contributions presented by experts shed new light on techniques such as the restoration of degraded lands by growing halophyte plant species, diversification of crops and introduction of microbes for remediation of salt infested soils, and the use of fluorescent pseudomonads for enhancing crop yields.
Author: João Lucio de Azevedo
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319558048
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 441
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Book Description
This book addresses the diversity of tropical microorganisms and its applications in agriculture, renewable energy production and environmental protection. It covers several tropical habitats such as rain forests, mangroves, sea and river waters and describes how microorganisms isolated from these regions can be used to control insects and plant diseases, to improve sugar cane and biofuels production among other applications. The book also aims to bring researchers’ attention to the potential of tropical microorganisms for biotechnological purposes, an area that is still far from being well explored.
Author: Gad Loebenstein
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402094752
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 539
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Book Description
In the last four decades of the twentieth century the use of sweetpotato was diversified beyond their classification as subsistence, food security, and famine-relief crop. In developing countries they serve both as human food and for feeding livestock. In Western countries they appeal to health conscious consumers because of their nutritional aspects. The sweetpotato is very high in nutritive value, and merits wider use on this account alone. The book has 2 parts. A general one giving up-to-date information on the history, botany, cultivars, genetic engineering, propagation, diseases and pests, nutritional data and marketing; and a second part presenting data on sweetpotato growing practices in different areas of the world. The information should be useful to researchers, practitioners and crop administrators in different countries.
Author: Mahendra Rai
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128014717
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 341
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Book Description
Nanotechnology in Diagnosis, Treatment and Prophylaxis of Infectious Diseases delivers comprehensive coverage of the application of nanotechnology to pressing problems in infectious disease. This text equips readers with cutting-edge knowledge of promising developments and future prospects in nanotechnology, paying special attention to microbes that are now resistant to conventional antibiotics, a concerning problem in modern medicine. Readers will find a thorough discussion of this new approach to infectious disease treatment, including the reasons nanotechnology presents a promising avenue for the diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis of infectious diseases. - Provides a comprehensive overview of the use of nanotechnology in the treatment and diagnosis of infectious diseases - Covers all common types of infective agents, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, along with their vectors, ticks, mosquitoes, flies, etc. - Delivers commentary from an international researcher base, providing insights across differing economic statuses - Includes a foundation of basic nanotechnological concepts to aid in designing new strategies to combat several pathogenic diseases and cancer - Illustrates the high antimicrobial potential of nanoparticles, ultimately demonstrating how they are a promising alternative class that can be successfully used in fighting a myriad of infections
Author: Pradeep Kumar
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319273124
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 471
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Book Description
Plant diseases play an important role on our daily lives. Most of plant diseases are visible and are caused by biotic and/or abiotic factors. Symptoms are usually the results of a morphological change, alteration or damage to plant tissue and/or cells due to an interference of the plant’s metabolism. All basic structures of vascular plants are subject to attack by pathogens. The failure in accurate disease diagnosis and management may lead to huge losses in plant production and related commodities, which causes nutritional food scarcity. Typically, the appearance of a biotic symptom will indicate the relatively late stage of an infection and/or colonization of a pathogen. Expert detection, accurate diagnosis, and timely management play a significant role in keeping plants free from pathogens. In this book expert scholars share their research knowledge and key literature which are vital toward the diagnosis of plant diseases across the globe, addressing traditional plant pathology techniques, as well as advanced molecular diagnostic approach.
Author: David A. Mitchell
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540312862
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 481
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Book Description
This concise professional reference provides a fundamental framework for the design and operation of solid-state fermentation bioreactors, enabling researchers currently working at laboratory scale to scale up their processes. The authors survey bioreactor types in common use, and describe in depth how to plan a project, and model heat transfer phenomena. The book includes case studies, and a review of practical issues involved in bioreactor performance.
