Community Property and California PERS, Public Employees' Retirement Systems PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Community Property and California PERS, Public Employees' Retirement Systems PDF full book. Access full book title Community Property and California PERS, Public Employees' Retirement Systems by California. Public Employees' Retirement System. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: California. Public Employees' Retirement System
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Civil service
Languages : en
Pages : 16
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: California. Public Employees' Retirement System
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Civil service
Languages : en
Pages : 16
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: California. Public Employees' Retirement System
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 164
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: California. Public Employees' Retirement System
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Civil service
Languages : en
Pages : 28
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: United States. Internal Revenue Service
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Annuities
Languages : en
Pages : 32
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: California. Public Employees' Retirement System
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Civil Service
Languages : en
Pages : 52
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: California. Public Employees' Retirement System
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : California
Languages : en
Pages : 10
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: California. Legislature. Assembly. Public Employees, Retirement & Social Security Committee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pension trusts
Languages : en
Pages : 582
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: James W. Ely, Jr.
Publisher: University Press of Kansas
ISBN: 0700623078
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 384
Get Book Here
Book Description
Few provisions of the American Constitution have had such a tumultuous history as the contract clause. Prompted by efforts in a number of states to interfere with debtor-creditor relationships after the Revolution, the clause—Article I, Section 10—reads that no state shall “pass any. . . Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts.” Honoring contractual commitments, in the framers' view, would serve the public interest to encourage commerce and economic growth. How the contract clause has fared, as chronicled in this book by James W. Ely, Jr., tells us a great deal about the shifting concerns and assumptions of Americans. Its history provides a window on matters central to American constitutional history, including the protection of economic rights, the growth of judicial review, and the role of federalism. Under the leadership of Chief Justice John Marshall, the Supreme Court construed the provision expansively, and it rapidly became the primary vehicle for federal judicial review of state legislation before the adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment. Indeed, the contract clause was one of the most litigated provisions of the Constitution throughout the nineteenth century, and its history reflects the impact of wars, economic distress, and political currents on reading the Constitution. Ely shows how, over time, the courts carved out several malleable exceptions to the constitutional protection of contracts—most notably the notion of an inalienable police power—thus weakening the contract clause and enhancing state regulatory authority. His study documents the near-fatal blow dealt to the provision by New Deal constitutionalism, when the perceived need for governmental intervention in the economy superseded the economic rights of individuals. Though the 1970s saw a modest revival of interest in the contract clause, the criteria for invoking it remain uncertain. And yet, as state and local governments try to trim the benefits of public sector employees, the provision has once again figured prominently in litigation. In this book, James Ely gives us a timely, analytical lens for understanding these contemporary challenges, as well as the critical historical significance of the contract clause.
Author: California
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : California
Languages : en
Pages : 500
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583
Get Book Here
Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
