Author: Robert Nichols
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 126
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Book Description
"In 2004, as fighting continued in Iraq and Afghanistan moved towards elections, a third aspect of the 'war on terrorism' involved US pressure on Pakistan to eliminate Taliban remnants and foreign, especially Al Qaeda, militants from the Federally Administered Tribal Areas along the Pakistan-Afghanistan border." "Throughout 2004, Pakistan used political negotiation and military force to crush or disperse militants and Pakistani sympathizers, especially near the town of Wana in South Waziristan. Pakistani tactics, derived from British colonial methods, included negotiating with tribal councils, economic blockades, the destruction of homes, mass arrests, and military attacks." "This short volume reprints two, one-hundred-year-old colonial reports on FATA regions, one on Wana and one on the Adam Khel Afridi homelands located near Peshawar. For generations, governments have tried to understand and control FATA regions. These reports suggest the difficulty that state builders with centralizing ambitions have always had in prevailing against semi-independent communities yet to be fully integrated into wider political, economic and administrative systems."--BOOK JACKET.
Author: Robert Nichols
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 9780199406135
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"Celebrating 70 years of Pakistan, the platinum series."
Author: Farooq Yousaf
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 9780367612115
Category : Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan)
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This book explains how colonial legacies and the postcolonial state of Pakistan negatively influenced the socio-political and cultural dynamics and the security situation in Pakistan's Pashtun 'tribal' areas, formerly known as the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). It offers a local perspective on peace and conflict resolution in Pakistan's Pashtun 'tribal' region. Discussing the history and background of the former-FATA region, the role of Pashtun conflict resolution mechanism of Jirga, and the persistence of colonial-era Frontier Crimes Regulations (FCR) in the region, the author argues that the persistence of colonial legacies in the Pashtun 'tribal' areas, especially the FCR, coupled with the overarching influence of the military on security policy has negatively impacted the security situation in the region. By focusing on the Jirga and Jirga-based Lashkars (or Pashtun militias), the book demonstrates how Pashtuns have engaged in their own initiatives to handle the rise of militancy in their region. Moreover, the book contends that, even after the introduction of constitutional reforms and FATA's merger with the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, little has changed in the region, especially regarding the treatment of 'tribal' Pashtuns as equal citizens of Pakistan. This book explains, in detail, why indigenous methods of peace and conflict resolution, such as the Jirga, could play "some" role towards long-term peace in the South Asian region. Historically and contextually informed with a focus on North-West Pakistan, this book will be of interest to academics researching South Asian Studies, International Relations, Peace and Conflict Studies, terrorism, and traditional justice and restorative forms of peace-making.
Author: Hugh Beattie
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1838600841
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Book Description
Waziristan, a region on the border between Afghanistan and Pakistan, has in recent years become a flash point in the so-called 'War on Terror'. Hugh Beattie looks at the history of this region, examining British attempts to manage the tribes from 1849 until Pakistan's declaration of independence in 1947. He explores British attempts to divide the frontier region into separate British and Afghan spheres of influence. In the minds of British policymakers, this demarcation would secure the position of the Empire, and so Beattie highlights the various policy initiatives towards the frontier region over the period in question. Crucially, he analyses how the British perceived the local tribes, what constituted authority within tribal frameworks, and the military and political ramifications of these perceptions. As he also explores the contemporary relevance of this region, taking into account the resurgence of the Taliban in Waziristan, Beattie's analysis is vital for those interested in the history and security implications of the Afghan frontier with Pakistan.
Author: V. G. Julie Rajan
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317645383
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 366
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Book Description
This book focuses on the crises facing Al Qaeda and how the mass killing of Muslims is challenging its credibility as a leader among Islamist jihadist organizations. The book argues that these crises are directly related to Al Qaeda’s affiliation with the extreme violence employed against Muslims in Iraq, Syria, Afghanistan and Pakistan in the decade since 9/11. Al Qaeda’s public and private responses to this violence differ greatly. While in public Al Qaeda has justified those attacks declaring that, for the establishment of a state of ‘true believers’, they are a necessary evil, in private Al Qaeda has been advising its local affiliates to refrain from killing Muslims. To better understand the crises facing Al Qaeda, the book explores the development of Central Al Qaeda’s complex relationship with radical (mis)appropriations and manifestations of takfir, which allows one Muslim to declare another an unbeliever, and its unique relationship with each of its affiliates in Iraq, Syria, Afghanistan and Pakistan. The author then goes on to consider how the prominence of takfir is contributing to the deteriorating security in those countries and how this is affecting Al Qaeda’s credibility as an Islamist terror organization. The book concludes by considering the long-term viability of Al Qaeda and how its demise could allow the rise of the even more radical, violent Islamic State and the implications this has for the future security of the Middle East, North Africa and Central/South Asia. This book will be of much interest to students of political violence and terrorism, Islamism, global security and IR.
Author: Salman Bangash
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 9780199403417
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This book deals with one of the most complicated frontier quandaries ever faced by the British Empire in India, as the British Raj attempted either to control or accommodate the Pakhtuns of the North West Frontier, because the British colonial interest clashed with the centuries-old tribal formation. The Tribal Belt was one of the most ungovernable, perilous, and hazardous regions among the British Empires many frontiers spread across the globe. For centuries, the tribes defied all those who wanted to extricate and dislodge them from their strategic position straddling the natural gateways leading from Turkistan (Central Asia) into the Indian subcontinent. For the British, tribal structure and organization, and their socio-political and religious dynamics, were something quite new, challenging, and exigent. The tribes that populated the area were left outside the British administrative structures of settled India, and instead ruled them with a peculiar and unprecedented tribal administrative structure which fulfilled their imperial interests. The book discusses in detail the political, administrative, and social intricacies of the Tribal belt under British rule.
Author: captain e. g. g. hastings
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 538
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Book Description
Author: Mariam Abou Zahab
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0197535992
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
This collection of essays brings together two sets of articles and book chapters by Mariam Abou Zahab, the extraordinary late scholar of Islam in South Asia. The first part of the volume examines Shia-Sunni relations in Pakistan, while the second concerns violent Islamism in the country, covering both the Talibanisation of the Pashtun belt and the jihadi dimension of South Asian Salafism. Throughout these texts, Abou Zahab explores the many reasons why Pakistan has been the crucible of political Islam. She offers a historical view of this development, factoring in the impact of colonialism and conflict, including the Soviet-Afghan War and the post-9/11 Western military operations in Afghanistan. While making clear the major importance of these external influences, from Saudi Arabia and Iran to the US, she also places Pakistan's political Islam in the context of local cultures, mobilising her anthropological erudition without ever indulging in culturalism. Finally, she emphasises the sociological determinants of sectarianism, Talibanism and jihadism, as well as the political economy of these ideologies. Abou Zahab's knowledge is exhaustive, but in these papers she offers an elegant synthesis in which each word matters. This volume is indispensable for understanding the present dynamics of Pakistan.
Author: Harold Schiffman
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004217657
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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Book Description
The book was co-edited by Brian Spooner, Professor of Anthropology at the University of Pennsylvania. Language policy in Central Asia, Afghanistan and the immediately surrounding neighboring countries has a long and varied history. The Iranian revolution of 1978, the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, and the ongoing conflict in Afghanistan since 2001 have left the area in a state of flux. This volume gives a better picture about what is official and explicit, what is not official but implicit or general practice, and what the likely future developments might be. It is very clear that multilingualism, whether it involves Persian, Russian or English in addition to other languages, not only has long been a part of the scene, but will probably continue to be so.
Author: Kimberly Marten
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 0801464110
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
Warlords are individuals who control small territories within weak states, using a combination of force and patronage. In this book, Kimberly Marten shows why and how warlords undermine state sovereignty. Unlike the feudal lords of a previous era, warlords today are not state-builders. Instead they collude with cost-conscious, corrupt, or frightened state officials to flout and undermine state capacity. They thrive on illegality, relying on private militias for support, and often provoke violent resentment from those who are cut out of their networks. Some act as middlemen for competing states, helping to hollow out their own states from within. Countries ranging from the United States to Russia have repeatedly chosen to ally with warlords, but Marten argues that to do so is a dangerous proposition. Drawing on interviews, documents, local press reports, and in-depth historical analysis, Marten examines warlordism in the Pakistani tribal areas during the twentieth century, in post-Soviet Georgia and the Russian republic of Chechnya, and among Sunni militias in the U.S.-supported Anbar Awakening and Sons of Iraq programs. In each case state leaders (some domestic and others foreign) created, tolerated, actively supported, undermined, or overthrew warlords and their militias. Marten draws lessons from these experiences to generate new arguments about the relationship between states, sovereignty, "local power brokers," and stability and security in the modern world.
