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Author: Stephen Davitt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
When two, or more, laser produced plasma plumes are forced to collide there are two extremes in the resulting outcome, (i) the plasmas may interpenetrate, or, (ii) a layer of stagnated plasma is formed at the collision front. The degree of interpenetration (or stagnation) is determined by the so-called 'collisionality parameter' which is the ratio of the separation of the individual 'seed' plasmas to the ion-ion mean- free path. Previous work on colliding plasmas in vacuo show that when 'stagnation layers' are formed, they exhibit an enhancement in plasma emission duration and a reasonably uniform spatial distribution of electron density, electron temperature and atomic/ionic density. These characteristics have made stagnation layers of interest to the laser plasma community, however to date research has been almost exclusively in vacuo. This work concerns experimental efforts to produce similar conditions for plasmas formed on solid targets in air at atmospheric pressure. This was realised by creating plasmas on the walls of V-shaped aluminium targets irradiated by a single, defocused laser pulse. Channels of varying vertex angles (namely, 30o, 60o, 90o) were employed to alter the relative collisional velocity of the expanding plumes and thus the collisionality parameter. The formation and evolution of the plasmas were tracked using time resolved imaging and spectroscopy. It was observed that the confined plasma plumes exhibited three distinct phases. For early time delays (
Author: Stephen Davitt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
When two, or more, laser produced plasma plumes are forced to collide there are two extremes in the resulting outcome, (i) the plasmas may interpenetrate, or, (ii) a layer of stagnated plasma is formed at the collision front. The degree of interpenetration (or stagnation) is determined by the so-called 'collisionality parameter' which is the ratio of the separation of the individual 'seed' plasmas to the ion-ion mean- free path. Previous work on colliding plasmas in vacuo show that when 'stagnation layers' are formed, they exhibit an enhancement in plasma emission duration and a reasonably uniform spatial distribution of electron density, electron temperature and atomic/ionic density. These characteristics have made stagnation layers of interest to the laser plasma community, however to date research has been almost exclusively in vacuo. This work concerns experimental efforts to produce similar conditions for plasmas formed on solid targets in air at atmospheric pressure. This was realised by creating plasmas on the walls of V-shaped aluminium targets irradiated by a single, defocused laser pulse. Channels of varying vertex angles (namely, 30o, 60o, 90o) were employed to alter the relative collisional velocity of the expanding plumes and thus the collisionality parameter. The formation and evolution of the plasmas were tracked using time resolved imaging and spectroscopy. It was observed that the confined plasma plumes exhibited three distinct phases. For early time delays (
Author: K.H. Becker
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780750309622
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 704
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Book Description
Atmospheric-pressure plasmas continue to attract considerable research interest due to their diverse applications, including high power lasers, opening switches, novel plasma processing applications and sputtering, EM absorbers and reflectors, remediation of gaseous pollutants, excimer lamps, and other noncoherent light sources. Atmospheric-pressure plasmas in air are of particular importance as they can be generated and maintained without vacuum enclosure and without any additional feed gases. Non-Equilibrium Air Plasmas at Atmospheric Pressure reviews recent advances and applications in the generation and maintenance of atmospheric-pressure plasmas. With contributions from leading international researchers, the coverage includes advances in atmospheric-pressure plasma source development, diagnostics and characterization, air plasma chemistry, modeling and computational techniques, and an assessment of the status and prospects of atmospheric-pressure air plasma applications. The extensive application sections make this book attractive for practitioners in many fields where technologies based on atmospheric-pressure air plasmas are emerging.
Author: Siqi Luo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 120
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Book Description
Author: K.H. Becker
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1482269120
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 701
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Book Description
Atmospheric-pressure plasmas continue to attract considerable research interest due to their diverse applications, including high power lasers, opening switches, novel plasma processing applications and sputtering, EM absorbers and reflectors, remediation of gaseous pollutants, excimer lamps, and other noncoherent light sources. Atmospheric-pressu
Author: Francis F. Chen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475755953
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 427
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Book Description
TO THE SECOND EDITION In the nine years since this book was first written, rapid progress has been made scientifically in nuclear fusion, space physics, and nonlinear plasma theory. At the same time, the energy shortage on the one hand and the exploration of Jupiter and Saturn on the other have increased the national awareness of the important applications of plasma physics to energy production and to the understanding of our space environment. In magnetic confinement fusion, this period has seen the attainment 13 of a Lawson number nTE of 2 x 10 cm -3 sec in the Alcator tokamaks at MIT; neutral-beam heating of the PL T tokamak at Princeton to KTi = 6. 5 keV; increase of average ß to 3%-5% in tokamaks at Oak Ridge and General Atomic; and the stabilization of mirror-confined plasmas at Livermore, together with injection of ion current to near field-reversal conditions in the 2XIIß device. Invention of the tandem mirror has given magnetic confinement a new and exciting dimension. New ideas have emerged, such as the compact torus, surface-field devices, and the EßT mirror-torus hybrid, and some old ideas, such as the stellarator and the reversed-field pinch, have been revived. Radiofrequency heat ing has become a new star with its promise of dc current drive. Perhaps most importantly, great progress has been made in the understanding of the MHD behavior of toroidal plasmas: tearing modes, magnetic Vll Vlll islands, and disruptions.
Author: Hans Pécseli
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780750312530
Category : SCIENCE
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"Low Frequency Waves and Turbulence in Magnetized Laboratory Plasmas and in the Ionosphere was developed from courses taught by the author at the universities of Oslo and Tromso in Norway. Suitable for undergraduates, graduate students and researchers, the first part of the book is devoted to discussing some relevant plasma instabilities and the free energy that drives them. In the second part, the more advanced topics of nonlinear models and the interactions of many modes are discussed. Theoretical tools available for turbulence modelling are also outlined. The book summarizes a number of studies of low-frequency plasma waves, drift waves in particular, from laboratory and space experiments."--Prové de l'editor.
Author: Yuri Ralchenko
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319275143
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 220
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Book Description
This book provides a compact yet comprehensive overview of recent developments in collisional-radiative (CR) modeling of laboratory and astrophysical plasmas. It describes advances across the entire field, from basic considerations of model completeness to validation and verification of CR models to calculation of plasma kinetic characteristics and spectra in diverse plasmas. Various approaches to CR modeling are presented, together with numerous examples of applications. A number of important topics, such as atomic models for CR modeling, atomic data and its availability and quality, radiation transport, non-Maxwellian effects on plasma emission, ionization potential lowering, and verification and validation of CR models, are thoroughly addressed. Strong emphasis is placed on the most recent developments in the field, such as XFEL spectroscopy. Written by leading international research scientists from a number of key laboratories, the book offers a timely summary of the most recent progress in this area. It will be a useful and practical guide for students and experienced researchers working in plasma spectroscopy, spectra simulations, and related fields.
Author: D. A. Tidman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electron beams
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
The effect of a small amount of two-body scattering on the two-stream instability that occurs in a plasma of contrastreaming electrons and ions. This is done by assuming the electron-ion collision frequency is small and making a perturbation expansion in this quantity. Contrary to what one might expect we find that the first correction in this small collision frequency increases the growth rate of unstable perturbation in the streams.
Author: J. Ralph Johler
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ionospheric radio wave propagation
Languages : en
Pages : 74
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Book Description
Author: Mario Capitelli
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441981721
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 365
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Book Description
Fundamental Aspects of Plasma Chemical Physics: Transport develops basic and advanced concepts of plasma transport to the modern treatment of the Chapman-Enskog method for the solution of the Boltzmann transport equation. The book invites the reader to consider actual problems of the transport of thermal plasmas with particular attention to the derivation of diffusion- and viscosity-type transport cross sections, stressing the role of resonant charge-exchange processes in affecting the diffusion-type collision calculation of viscosity-type collision integrals. A wide range of topics is then discussed including (1) the effect of non-equilibrium vibrational distributions on the transport of vibrational energy, (2) the role of electronically excited states in the transport properties of thermal plasmas, (3) the dependence of transport properties on the multitude of Saha equations for multi-temperature plasmas, and (4) the effect of the magnetic field on transport properties. Throughout the book, worked examples are provided to clarify concepts and mathematical approaches. This book is the second of a series of three published by the Bari group on fundamental aspects of plasma chemical physics. The first book, Fundamental Aspects of Plasma Chemical Physics: Thermodynamics, is dedicated to plasma thermodynamics; and the third, Fundamental Aspects of Plasma Chemical Physics: Kinetics, deals with plasma kinetics.
