Author: Wen-Te Liao
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3319021206
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 120
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Book Description
Novel coherent light sources such as x-ray free-electron lasers open exciting prospects for the interaction of light with nuclei. The thesis "Coherent Control of Nuclei and X-rays" covers this still-developing field and proposes, in a daring attempt to revolutionize nuclear physics, three innovative schemes for taming nuclei using coherent effects. The theoretical explorations, which address control of nuclear quantum states, a nuclear memory for single photons in future photonic circuits, and optimized concepts for a nuclear clock, make use of new approaches at the borderline between nuclear physics and quantum dynamics. The result is a well written work, impressive in its stimulating style and promising ideas.
Author: Lars Von der Wense
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319704613
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 234
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Book Description
This thesis describes the first detection of a nuclear transition that had been sought for 40 years, and marks the essential first step toward developing nuclear clocks. Atomic clocks are currently the most reliable timekeepers. Still, they could potentially be outperformed by nuclear clocks, based on a nuclear transition instead of the atomic transitions employed to date. An elusive, extraordinary state in thorium-229 seems to be the only nuclear transition suitable for this purpose and feasible using currently available technology. Despite repeated efforts over the past 40 years, until recently we had not yet successfully detected the decay of this elusive state. Addressing this gap, the thesis lays the foundation for the development of a new, better frequency standard, which will likely have numerous applications in satellite navigation and rapid data transfer. Further, it makes it possible to improve the constraints for time variations of fundamental constants and opens up the field of nuclear coherent control.
Author: Yutaka Yoshida
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811594228
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 533
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Book Description
This book presents an overview of the latest Mössbauer spectroscopy research. It sheds light on various cutting-edge research subjects: (i) nuclear resonance scattering experiments implemented at synchrotron radiation facilities, e.g., ESRF, DESY and Spring-8; (ii) multidisciplinary materials research related to chemistry, biology, geoscience, molecular magnetism of metal complexes, batteries, and magnetism; (iii) novel imaging techniques based on probing diffusion in solids using Mössbauer spectroscopy. The first three chapters introduce recent research on modern Mössbauer spectroscopy, including nuclear resonant scattering experiments and development of related techniques at synchrotron accelerator facilities. Chapters 4 and 5 then demonstrate the applications of such pioneering techniques to chemistry, biology and geoscience. Chapters 6 and 7 describe the applications to new functional materials, i.e., metal complexes and Li- and Na-ion batteries, while the final two chapters are devoted to two important measuring techniques: Mössbauer spectroscopy under external magnetic fields, and microscopic Mössbauer techniques on diffusion in solids, which are expected to play an essential role in the investigation and characterization of magnetic structures and microstructures in materials. The cutting-edge content provides readers with quick updates on the latest research topics in the field, while the tutorial-style descriptions allow readers unfamiliar with Mössbauer spectroscopy to learn and implement the techniques. As such, the book is especially useful for advanced undergraduate and early graduate students who have recently been assigned to a laboratory.
Author: Andreas Maier
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319965204
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 263
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Book Description
This open access book gives a complete and comprehensive introduction to the fields of medical imaging systems, as designed for a broad range of applications. The authors of the book first explain the foundations of system theory and image processing, before highlighting several modalities in a dedicated chapter. The initial focus is on modalities that are closely related to traditional camera systems such as endoscopy and microscopy. This is followed by more complex image formation processes: magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray projection imaging, computed tomography, X-ray phase-contrast imaging, nuclear imaging, ultrasound, and optical coherence tomography.
Author: Gagik G Gurzadyan
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814464686
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 372
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Book Description
This volume is based on the works presented at the conference “Modern Problems in Optics and Photonics-2009”, held in Yerevan Armenia. Covering virtually all actual themes in Optics: Structured media and quantum nanostructures, Quantum optics and quantum information, Spectroscopy and dynamics of atoms, both theoretical and experimental worksare examined and discussed extensively. This volume would capture the interest of experienced scientists as important, original results of 27 leading researchers from Armenia, Australia, Germany, Greece, India, Latvia, Russia, Singapore and United Kingdom are included. Surely, this volume could serve as an advanced textbook for graduate and undergraduate students as it contains not only the original works of prominent authors, but also detailed introductions and descriptions of early results of the presented branches of the optics.
Author: Michael Kalvius
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642179525
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 443
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Book Description
The “Rudolf Mössbauer Story” recounts the history of the discovery of the “Mössbauer Effect” in 1958 by Rudolf Mössbauer as a graduate student of Heinz Maier-Leibnitz for which he received the Nobel Prize in 1961 when he was 32 years old. The development of numerous applications of the Mössbauer Effect in many fields of sciences , such as physics, chemistry, biology and medicine is reviewed by experts who contributed to this wide spread research. In 1978 Mössbauer focused his research interest on a new field “Neutrino Oscillations” and later on the study of the properties of the neutrinos emitted by the sun.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309102707
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 245
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Book Description
As part of the Physics 2010 decadal survey project, the Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation requested that the National Research Council assess the opportunities, over roughly the next decade, in atomic, molecular, and optical (AMO) science and technology. In particular, the National Research Council was asked to cover the state of AMO science, emphasizing recent accomplishments and identifying new and compelling scientific questions. Controlling the Quantum World, discusses both the roles and challenges for AMO science in instrumentation; scientific research near absolute zero; development of extremely intense x-ray and laser sources; exploration and control of molecular processes; photonics at the nanoscale level; and development of quantum information technology. This book also offers an assessment of and recommendations about critical issues concerning maintaining U.S. leadership in AMO science and technology.
Author: Stewart C. Bushong
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323292070
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 677
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Book Description
Develop the skills and knowledge to make informed decisions regarding technical factors and diagnostic imaging quality with the vibrantly illustrated Radiologic Science for Technologists, 10th Edition. Updated with the latest advances in the field, this full-color and highly detailed edition addresses a broad range of radiologic disciplines and provides a strong foundation in the study and practice of radiologic physics, imaging, radiobiology, radiation protection, and more. Unique learning tools strengthen your understanding of key concepts and prepare you for success on the ARRT certification exam and in clinical practice. Broad coverage of radiologic science topics — including radiologic physics, imaging, radiobiology, radiation protection, and more — allows you to use the text over several semesters. Highlighted math formulas call attention to mathematical information for special focus. Important Concept boxes recap the most important chapter information. Colored page tabs for formulas, conversion tables, abbreviations, and other data provide easy access to frequently used information. End-of-chapter questions include definition exercises, short answer, and calculations to help you review material. Key terms and expanded glossary enable you to easily reference and study content. Chapter introductions, summaries, objectives, and outlines help you organize and pinpoint the most important information. NEW! Chapters on digital radiographic technique and digital image display prepare you to use today’s technology. NEW! Streamlined physics and math sections ensure you are prepared to take the ARRT exam and succeed in the clinical setting.
Author: Isao Tanihata
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811963452
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 4180
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Book Description
This handbook is a comprehensive, systematic source of modern nuclear physics. It aims to summarize experimental and theoretical discoveries and an understanding of unstable nuclei and their exotic structures, which were opened up by the development of radioactive ion (RI) beam in the late 1980s. The handbook comprises three major parts. In the first part, the experiments and measured facts are well organized and reviewed. The second part summarizes recognized theories to explain the experimental facts introduced in the first part. Reflecting recent synergistic progress involving both experiment and theory, the chapters both parts are mutually related. The last part focuses on cosmo-nuclear physics—one of the mainstream subjects in modern nuclear physics. Those comprehensive topics are presented concisely. Supported by introductory reviews, all chapters are designed to present their topics in a manner accessible to readers at the graduate level. The book therefore serves as a valuable source for beginners as well, helping them to learn modern nuclear physics.
Author: Günter H. Zschornack
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540286187
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 969
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Book Description
This is the only handbook available on X-ray data. In a concise and informative manner, the most important data connected with the emission of characteristic X-ray lines are tabulated for all elements up to Z = 95 (Americium). The tabulated data are characterized and, in most cases, evaluated. Furthermore, all important processes and phenomena connected with the production, emission and detection of characteristic X-rays are discussed.
