Author: National Park Service
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781548895600
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
A network of remote climate stations is maintained by the National Park Service (NPS) to supplement existing climate sites operated by NPS cooperators. These sites are installed within each park to fill gaps in existing climate data and provide a comprehensive understanding of park-wide climate patterns. The majority of NPS climate stations occur at Olympic National Park. In contrast to other parks within the North Coast and Cascades Network (NCCN), few stations were operated by NPS cooperators at Olympic. In 1998, a joint U.S Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)/NPS global climate change project initiated the installation of remote climate stations along a precipitation gradient within the park. Upon completion of the study, these sites were turned over to the NCCN network to form the core of Olympic National Park's NPS operated climate station network. Additional sites are being added throughout the network as time and funding allows. This protocol narrative outlines the rationale, sampling design and methods proposed for monitoring climate in the North Coast and Cascades Monitoring Network (NCCN). The NCCN, one of 32 networks of parks in the National Park System, comprises seven national park units in the Pacific Northwest, including three large, mountainous, natural area parks (Mount Rainier [MORA] and Olympic [OLYM] National Parks, North Cascades National Park Service Complex [NOCA]) and four small historic-cultural parks (Ebey's Landing National Historical Reserve [EBLA], Lewis and Clark National Historical Park [LEWI], Fort Vancouver National Historical Park [FOVA], San Juan Island National Historical Park [SAJH]). This narrative reflects decisions made by the NCCN climate monitoring group, which includes National Park Service (NPS) representatives from each of the large parks in the Network and with the assistance of several agencies including National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Resource Conservation Service (NRCS), and the U.S. Forest Service (USFS).
Author: National Park National Park Service
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781492835011
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
This protocol narrative outlines the rationale, sampling design and methods proposed for monitoring climate in the North Coast and Cascades Monitoring Network (NCCN). The NCCN, one of 32 networks of parks in the National Park System, comprises seven national park units in the Pacific Northwest, including three large, mountainous, natural area parks (Mount Rainier [MORA] and Olympic [OLYM] National Parks, North Cascades National Park Service Complex [NOCA]) and four small historic-cultural parks (Ebey's Landing National Historical Reserve [EBLA], Lewis and Clark National Historical Park [LEWI], Fort Vancouver National Historical Park [FOVA], San Juan Island National Historical Park [SAJH]). This narrative reflects decisions made by the NCCN climate monitoring group, which includes National Park Service (NPS) representatives from each of the large parks in the Network and with the assistance of several agencies including National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Resource Conservation Service (NRCS), and the U.S. Forest Service (USFS).
Author: National Park National Park Service
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781492834915
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
This protocol narrative outlines the rationale, sampling design and methods proposed for monitoring climate in the North Coast and Cascades Monitoring Network (NCCN). The NCCN, one of 32 networks of parks in the National Park System, comprises seven national park units in the Pacific Northwest, including three large, mountainous, natural area parks (Mount Rainier [MORA] and Olympic [OLYM] National Parks, North Cascades National Park Service Complex [NOCA]) and four small historic-cultural parks (Ebey's Landing National Historical Reserve [EBLA], Lewis and Clark National Historical Park [LEWI], Fort Vancouver National Historical Park [FOVA], San Juan Island National Historical Park [SAJH]). This narrative reflects decisions made by the NCCN climate monitoring group, which includes National Park Service (NPS) representatives from each of the large parks in the Network and with the assistance of several agencies including National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Resource Conservation Service (NRCS), and the U.S. Forest Service (USFS).
Author: Rebecca Lofgren
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Climatic changes
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Andrea Woodward
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781500562724
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 234
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Book Description
Plant communities are the foundation for terrestrial trophic webs and animal habitat, and their structure and species composition are an integrated result of biological and physical drivers (Gates, 1993). Additionally, they have a major role in geologic, geomorphologic and soil development processes (Jenny, 1941; Stevens and Walker, 1970). Throughout most of the Pacific Northwest, environmental conditions support coniferous forests as the dominant vegetation type. In the face of anthropogenic climate change, forests have a global role as potential sinks for atmospheric carbon (Goodale and others, 2002). Consequently, knowledge of the status of forests in the three large parks of the NCCN [that is, Mount Rainier (MORA), North Cascades (NOCA), and Olympic (OLYM) National Parks] is fundamental to understanding the condition of Pacific Northwest ecosystems. Diverse climate and soil properties across the Pacific Northwest result in a variety of forest types (Franklin and Dyrness, 1973; Franklin and others, 1988; Henderson and others, 1989, 1992). The mountainous terrain of Mount Rainier, North Cascades, and Olympic National Parks create steep elevational and precipitation gradients within and among the parks: collectively, these parks span from sea level to more than 4,200 m; and include areas with precipitation from 90 to more than 500 cm. The resulting forests range from coastal rainforests with dense understories and massive trees draped with epiphytes; to areas with drought-adapted Ponderosa pines; to high-elevation subalpine fir forests interspersed with meadows just below treeline (table 1). These forests, in turn, are the foundation for other biotic communities constituting Pacific Northwest ecosystems.
Author: U. S. Department Interior
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781548896287
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
Climate and weather events define many of the abiotic features of habitat found in national parks and are key to understanding and interpreting changes in natural resources. Everyday park operations including; fire management, search and rescue, maintenance of park infrastructure, and visitor use are influenced by weather. Monitoring weather and maintaining climate records provides essential information to support park operations and monitor park resources. This report summarizes climate data collected in the North Cascades National Park Complex for Water Year 2010, and is part of a set of climate summary reports from seven national and historic parks in the North Coast and Cascades Network. Published in the National Park Service's Natural Resource Data Series, annual climate summary reports are intended to provide basic data sets and data summaries in a timely manner, with minimal interpretation and analyses. We envision National Park staff, especially, planners, scientists, interpreters, partners; and interested public as the primary audience for these reports. Temperature and precipitation data are presented from six weather stations. These stations are located on both western and eastern slopes of the North Cascades Range at both low and high elevation sites. Data were recorded using automated instruments operated by the National Park Service and other collaborators, including the National Weather Service (NWS) and the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). For two stations with long term records, the Ross Dam Cooperative Observer (COOP) station on the west side of the Cascade crest and the Stehekin COOP on the drier, east side of the park, monthly average temperatures and monthly total precipitation are reported and compared to the 30-year normal. Monthly snow depth and snow water equivalent are reported for one Snow Telemetry (SNOTEL) site and two NWS COOP stations within the park. Two NPS GLACIER climate stations provide air temperature at high elevations in alpine environments. A NWS US Climate Reference Network (USCRN) station located in Marblemount represents lowland areas on the west slopes of the North Cascade Range. A series of appendices present daily and monthly air temperature, precipitation and snowpack data from six park operated weather stations, including comparisons to period of record and highlights of important weather events from each site. In summary, average annual temperatures and precipitation were both near normal for Water Year 2010; however significant monthly departures for both parameters were documented. Overall, conditions in winter were warm and dry, with a shift to cooler and wetter conditions in the spring through early summer. Snowpack remained below normal during the warmer, drier winter months only to recover to above normal due to a wetter, cooler late spring that persisted into late June.
Author: National Park Service
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781548895990
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 34
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Book Description
Climate and weather events define the ecological characteristics found in national parks and are key to understanding and interpreting changes in natural resources. Everyday park operations including fire management, natural resource activities, maintenance of park infrastructure, and visitor use are influenced by weather. Monitoring weather and maintaining climate records provides essential information to support park operations and monitor park resources. This report summarizes climate data collected within and adjacent to Ebey's Landing National Historical Reserve (EBLA) and San Juan Island National Historical Park (SAJH) from the 2011 water year. It is part of a set of climate summary reports from six national and Historical parks in the North Coast and Cascades Network. Published in the National Park Service's Natural Resource Data Series, annual climate summary reports are intended to provide basic data sets and data summaries in a timely manner, with minimal interpretation and analyses. We intend that the primary audience for this document will be National Park staff, especially decision makers, planners, and interpreters; partners; and interested public. Temperature and precipitation data are presented from four weather stations located on three islands in the northwest corner of Washington State. Data from San Juan Island (SAJH) were recorded using automated instruments operated by the National Park Service and the Federal Aviation Administration. Data from Orcas and Whidbey Island (EBLA) are provided by the National Weather Service Cooperative Observer Program (COOP). For two stations with long term records, the Coupeville COOP Station on Whidbey Island and the Olga COOP Station on Orcas Island, monthly average temperatures and monthly total precipitation are reported and compared to the 30-year normal. For the stations within or adjacent to park units, daily and monthly air temperature and precipitation data are reported. Accumulated growing degree days are presented for the Friday Harbor Airport (American Camp, SAJH) and Coupeville (EBLA). Water year 2011 had near normal annual temperatures and slightly above normal precipitation. At Coupeville and Olga, temperatures were 0.1 and 0.6 warmer than normal respectively. While annual temperature was near normal, there were large monthly deviations which balanced on a seasonal basis. Seasonal deviations were more pronounced in the case of precipitation. Spring months were much wetter than normal, while summer was much drier than normal. Total annual precipitation at Coupeville (EBLA) was 22.9 inches, 107% of normal. Total precipitation at English Camp (SAJH) was 25.3 inches.
Author: Kurt Jeffrey Jenkins
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 178
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Book Description
Author: Caryl L. Elzinga
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 9780788148378
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 190
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Book Description
This annotated bibliography documents literature addressing the design and implementation of vegetation monitoring. It provides resources managers, ecologists, and scientists access to the great volume of literature addressing many aspects of vegetation monitoring: planning and objective setting, choosing vegetation attributes to measure, sampling design, sampling methods, statistical and graphical analysis, and communication of results. Over half of the 1400 references have been annotated. Keywords pertaining to the type of monitoring or method are included with each bibliographic entry. Keyword index.
Author: United States. National Park Service
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Conservation of natural resources
Languages : en
Pages : 114
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Book Description
