Characterization of the Neural Codebook in an Invertebrate Sensory System PDF Download
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Author: Zane Nathan Aldworth
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Invertebrates
Languages : en
Pages : 342
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Book Description
The stimulus feature selectivity, timing precision and coding characteristics of two bilateral pairs of primary sensory interneurons of the cercal system were characterized using three novel techniques. First, estimates of the cells' feature selectivity that take the natural variance in stimulus-response latency (i.e., spike 'jitter') into account were derived. Second, the cells' stimulusresponse relationship was probed for specific non-linear aspects that could constitute 'temporal' encoding. Third, an iterative stimulation paradigm was used to test and refine the predictions of the cercal system's stimulus selectivity. Compared to earlier characterization of this system, these new analytical procedures yield significantly different estimates of the stimulus feature selectivity of these cells. A 'code book' for the stimulus-response characteristics of these cells is presented, with emphasis on demonstrating instances where a cell represents different stimuli with distinct spike 'code-word' patterns.
Author: Zane Nathan Aldworth
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Invertebrates
Languages : en
Pages : 342
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Book Description
The stimulus feature selectivity, timing precision and coding characteristics of two bilateral pairs of primary sensory interneurons of the cercal system were characterized using three novel techniques. First, estimates of the cells' feature selectivity that take the natural variance in stimulus-response latency (i.e., spike 'jitter') into account were derived. Second, the cells' stimulusresponse relationship was probed for specific non-linear aspects that could constitute 'temporal' encoding. Third, an iterative stimulation paradigm was used to test and refine the predictions of the cercal system's stimulus selectivity. Compared to earlier characterization of this system, these new analytical procedures yield significantly different estimates of the stimulus feature selectivity of these cells. A 'code book' for the stimulus-response characteristics of these cells is presented, with emphasis on demonstrating instances where a cell represents different stimuli with distinct spike 'code-word' patterns.
Author: Sylvia Anton
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889451062
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 229
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Book Description
Animals rely on sensory input from their environment for survival and reproduction. Depending on the importance of a signal for a given species, accuracy of sensory coding might vary from pure detection up to precise coding of intensity, quality and temporal features of the signal. Highly sophisticated sense organs and related central nervous sensory pathways can be of utmost importance for animals in a complex environment and when using advanced communication systems. In sensory systems different anatomical and physiological features have evolved to optimally encode behaviourally relevant signals at the level of sense organs and central processing. The wide range of organizational complexity, in combination with their relatively simple and accessible nervous systems, makes invertebrates excellent models to study general sensory coding principles. The contributions to this e-book illustrate on one hand particular features of specific sensory systems, and on the other hand indicate not only common features of sensory coding across invertebrate phyla, but also similar processing principles of complex stimuli between different sensory modalities. The chapters show that the extraction of behaviourally relevant signals from all environmental stimuli, as well as the detection of low intensity signals and the analysis of temporal features can be similar across sensory modalities, including olfaction, vision, mechanoreception, and heat perception.
Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Animals rely on sensory input from their environment for survival and reproduction. Depending on the importance of a signal for a given species, accuracy of sensory coding might vary from pure detection up to precise coding of intensity, quality and temporal features of the signal. Highly sophisticated sense organs and related central nervous sensory pathways can be of utmost importance for animals in a complex environment and when using advanced communication systems. In sensory systems different anatomical and physiological features have evolved to optimally encode behaviourally relevant signals at the level of sense organs and central processing. The wide range of organizational complexity, in combination with their relatively simple and accessible nervous systems, makes invertebrates excellent models to study general sensory coding principles. The contributions to this e-book illustrate on one hand particular features of specific sensory systems, and on the other hand indicate not only common features of sensory coding across invertebrate phyla, but also similar processing principles of complex stimuli between different sensory modalities. The chapters show that the extraction of behaviourally relevant signals from all environmental stimuli, as well as the detection of low intensity signals and the analysis of temporal features can be similar across sensory modalities, including olfaction, vision, mechanoreception, and heat perception.
Author: Sylvia Anton
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 288974079X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 295
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 980
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Author: Elzbieta M Pyza
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
ISBN: 2889192814
Category : Physiology
Languages : en
Pages : 79
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Book Description
The visual, olfactory, auditory and gustatory systems of invertebrates are often used as models to study the transduction, transmission and processing of information in nervous systems, and in recent years have also provided powerful models of neural plasticity. This Research Topic presents current views on plasticity and its mechanisms in invertebrate sensory systems at the cellular, molecular and network levels, approached from both physiological and morphological perspectives. Plasticity in sensory systems can be activity- dependent, or occur in response to changes in the environment, or to endogenous stimuli. Plastic changes have been reported in receptor neurons, but are also known in other cell types, including glial cells and sensory interneurons. Also reported are dynamic changes among neuronal circuits involved in transmitting sensory stimuli and in reorganizing of synaptic contacts within a particular sensory system. Plastic changes within sensory systems in invertebrates can also be reported during development, after injury and after short or long- term stimulation. All these changes occur against an historical backdrop which viewed invertebrate nervous systems as largely hard-wired, and lacking in susceptibility especially to activity-dependent changes. This Research Topic examines how far we have moved from this simple view of simple brains, to the realization that invertebrate sensory systems exhibit all the diversity of plastic changes seen in vertebrate brains, but among neurons in which such changes can be evaluated at single-cell level.
Author: Gerhard Werner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 394
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Book Description
The essays in this edited volume are written by neuroscientists distinguished for their research into the neurobiology of mammalian sensory processing. Covering a wide range of current experimental approaches to the investigation of the mammalian brain, the contributors address the nature of the central neural representation of the major sensory systems--taste, smell, hearing, sight, pain, and touch. Comparisons of their experimental rationales, methods of approach, and of the resulting data, demonstrate the commonality of many features of neural organization between the different sensory systems explored. Among the features discussed in detail are the import of elaborately structured maps of sensory function in the cerebral cortex, the degree of anatomical and physiological separation of different aspects of the input within single sensory systems, the nature of neuron assemblies responsible for complex analytic events, and the relation between metabolic patterns of activity and physiological recording of response properties. The importance of theoretical models, new imaging techniques, and investigations using neural transplants for experimental analysis of sensory systems are demonstrated and the influence of the concepts of cognitive psychology on experimental investigations of sensory processing is discussed. A series of commentaries links the book's different sections, indicating for the reader those aspects of the experimental findings that are of particular importance to an understanding of the field as a whole.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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The most fundamental function of the brain is the analysis and integration of sensory information in order to generate motor commands that result in directed, meaningful interactions with the environment. This process can be viewed as an internal comparison between the current state of the world and a desired state of the world, with any mismatch leading to compensatory action. For an animal to respond to external stimuli in a directed way in any given sensory situation, it first has to assess the orientation of its body with reference to the environment. The current body position computed in this way then has to be matched against the desired position, and any resulting discrepancy has to be compensated for by a change in limb position, movement direction, or a transition to a new movement mode. The desired body orientation depends on many different parameters, such as the animal's nutritional state, its reproductive status, the time of day, the current behavioral state, or previous experience. Vertebrate brains process these parameters across diverse brain regions, involving millions of neurons, a fact that makes pinpointing the underlying circuitry a daunting endeavor. Across insects, a single brain area, the central complex, is involved in many of the mentioned fundamental processes: It contains an ordered array of head direction cells, its neurons are targeted by multisensory input pathways, visual and spatial memories reside in this region, and certain central-complex neurons are active just before movements of the animal, predicting its future turning direction. Additionally, state-dependent changes of neural response characteristics and a vast supply of neuromodulators suggests a highly dynamic, context-dependent remodeling of local circuitry. All of this places the central complex at the interface of sensory processing and motor planning, providing a location at which current and desired heading could be compared and adequate action can be selected in response. The highly regular, almost crystalline neuroarchitecture of this region has the advantage of enabling us to immediately connect structure with function - at the level of identified, individual neurons. The neural algorithms implemented in the circuitry that mediate action selection are thus uniquely accessible in this brain region. This research topic therefore aims at connecting the diverse aspects of central-complex function and develop an open-source framework in which to embed current knowledge (reviews) and novel findings from biological, theoretical, and engineering perspectives (original research articles, short communications). Four complementary sub-topics provide the main focus: 1) The current state of the world - Encoding and integration of sensory information; 2) Generating behavior - Motor planning and neural correlates of behavior; 3) Computing the desired state of the world - Integration of internal state, memory, and behavioral state; 4) Neural hardware and algorithms - The underlying circuits and computations of the central complex. By illuminating structure-function relations on multiple levels in diverse species, within a brain region that is omnipresent across insects, we aim at exposing fundamental principles that enable animals to generate adaptive behavior despite inhabiting a world of an infinite number of possible sensory scenarios.
Author: Krishna C. Persaud
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439871728
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 237
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Book Description
Many advances have been made in the last decade in the understanding of the computational principles underlying olfactory system functioning. Neuromorphic Olfaction is a collaboration among European researchers who, through NEUROCHEM (Fp7-Grant Agreement Number 216916)-a challenging and innovative European-funded project-introduce novel computing p
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic journals
Languages : en
Pages : 884
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