Characterization of Next Generation Lithium-ion Battery Materials Through Electrochemical Spectroscopic and Neutron-based Methods PDF Download
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Author: Danny Xin Liu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Abstract: The development of a real-time quantification of Li transport using a non-destructive neutron method to measure the Li distribution upon charge and discharge in a Li-ion cell is reported here. Using in situ neutron depth profiling (NDP), we probed the onset of lithiation in high capacity Sn and Al anodes and visualized the enrichment of Li atoms on the surface which is followed by their propagation into the bulk. The de-lithiation process shows the removal of near surface Li, leading to a loss in coulombic efficiency assigned to trapped Li within the intermetallic material. In situ NDP developed in this work provides temporal and spatial measurement of Li transport within the battery material with exceptional sensitivity. Direct application of Fick's Laws allowed for the effective lithium diffusion coefficient to be calculated from the lithium concentration profiles. This diagnostic tool opens up possibilities of understanding rates of Li transport and their distribution to guide materials development for efficient storage mechanisms. In addition, in situ NDP was employed to explore the feasibility of utilizing Al as the anode current collector. The results indicate that an Al anode current collector can be employed as a strategy to improve energy density while reducing cost, provided that the surface of the Al is not in direct contact with Li+ or the voltage is limited to a value above the Al lithiation redox voltage. Our observations provide important mechanistic insights to the design of advanced battery materials.
Author: Danny Xin Liu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Abstract: The development of a real-time quantification of Li transport using a non-destructive neutron method to measure the Li distribution upon charge and discharge in a Li-ion cell is reported here. Using in situ neutron depth profiling (NDP), we probed the onset of lithiation in high capacity Sn and Al anodes and visualized the enrichment of Li atoms on the surface which is followed by their propagation into the bulk. The de-lithiation process shows the removal of near surface Li, leading to a loss in coulombic efficiency assigned to trapped Li within the intermetallic material. In situ NDP developed in this work provides temporal and spatial measurement of Li transport within the battery material with exceptional sensitivity. Direct application of Fick's Laws allowed for the effective lithium diffusion coefficient to be calculated from the lithium concentration profiles. This diagnostic tool opens up possibilities of understanding rates of Li transport and their distribution to guide materials development for efficient storage mechanisms. In addition, in situ NDP was employed to explore the feasibility of utilizing Al as the anode current collector. The results indicate that an Al anode current collector can be employed as a strategy to improve energy density while reducing cost, provided that the surface of the Al is not in direct contact with Li+ or the voltage is limited to a value above the Al lithiation redox voltage. Our observations provide important mechanistic insights to the design of advanced battery materials.
Author: Qiang Zhen
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3662586754
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 472
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Book Description
Volume 3 of a 4-volume series is a concise, authoritative and an eminently readable and enjoyable experience related to lithium ion battery design, characterization and usage for portable and stationary power. Although the major focus is on lithium metal oxides or transition metal oxide as alloys, the discussion of fossil fuels is also presented where appropriate. This monograph is written by recognized experts in the field, and is both timely and appropriate as this decade will see application of lithium as an energy carrier, for example in the transportation sector. This Volume focuses on the fundamentals related to batteries using the latest research in the field of battery physics, chemistry, and electrochemistry. The research summarised in this book by leading experts is laid out in an easy-to-understand format to enable the layperson to grasp the essence of the technology, its pitfalls and current challenges in high-power Lithium battery research. After introductory remarks on policy and battery safety, a series of monographs are offered related to fundamentals of lithium batteries, including, theoretical modeling, simulation and experimental techniques used to characterize electrode materials, both at the material composition, and also at the device level. The different properties specific to each component of the batteries are discussed in order to offer tradeoffs between power and energy density, energy cycling, safety and where appropriate end-of-life disposal. Parameters affecting battery performance and cost, longevity using newer metal oxides, different electrolytes are also reviewed in the context of safety concerns and in relation to the solid-electrolyte interface. Separators, membranes, solid-state electrolytes, and electrolyte additives are also reviewed in light of safety, recycling, and high energy endurance issues. The book is intended for a wide audience, such as scientists who are new to the field, practitioners, as well as students in the STEM and STEP fields, as well as students working on batteries. The sections on safety and policy would be of great interest to engineers and technologists who want to obtain a solid grounding in the fundamentals of battery science arising from the interaction of electrochemistry, solid-state materials science, surfaces, and interfaces.
Author: Rachel Ye
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780438429901
Category : Electrochemical analysis
Languages : en
Pages : 97
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Book Description
As the demand for higher capacity, longer lasting lithium ion battery rises, finding a new material system that can replace the current commercial lithium ion battery system has become the necessity. Out of all possible candidates, nickel oxide, silicon shows potential for next generation anode material, and sulfur promises great improvement if used as the cathode material. In this work, new lithium ion battery systems utilizing nickel oxide, silicon, and sulfur were developed and studied using both physical and electrochemical characterization techniques. The free-standing nickel oxide nanofiber cloth anode shows a high capacity of 1054 mAh/g cycling at 20 minuets per charge. It also shows a cycle life of over 1500 cycles. The novel silicon sulfur full cell architecture presents a functioning silicon sulfur system that does not require prelithiation and shows a energy density of 350 Wh/kg for 250 cycles. The novel plateau targeted conditioning method for sulfur half cells shows a 10% increase in battery capacity and great increase in battery stability, as well as proof of stable sei formation on both the anode and cathode.
Author: Jungwoo Lee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 164
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Book Description
Next generation lithium-ion batteries will take on a wide variety of roles to meet the increased requirements from growth in consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and utility storage for integrating intermittent renewable (solar and wind) power sources. The cost per watt-hour of commercial batteries have shown incremental improvement due to improved manufacturing design, though drastic increases in energy and power density are needed to satisfy projected demand. Solid-state electrolytes (SSE) are explored due to their potential to improve energy and power density through enabling alkali metal anodes, while mitigating safety and temperature stability concerns associated with conventional liquid electrolyte lithium-ion batteries. However, there are still significant scientific and engineering hurdles before the full potential of SSEs can be realized: primarily performance degradation from chemical and mechanical interfacial instability. We enable the use of solid-state thin film battery materials and devices as a model system for fundamental studies of bulk and interface properties because of their well-defined geometry and controlled chemical composition, eliminating any effects from polymeric binder or conductive agents. In this thesis, we explore the structural, mechanical, and electrochemical properties of thin film electrolytes amorphous lithium lanthanum titanate (a-LLTO) and lithium phosphorous oxynitride (LiPON) along with the fabrication of thin film batteries with various electrode chemistries. Using these devices we develop focused ion beam (FIB) as a technique to fabricate electrochemically active nanobatteries that enables in situ analysis in a FIB or transmission electron microscope (TEM) to couple local structural, morphological, and chemical phenomena. Further, one key advantage of SSEs is the potential to use a lithium metal anode. However, characterization of Li and Li/electrolyte interfaces is limited due to its intrinsic high chemical reactivity, low thermal stability, and low atomic number, making it prone to contamination and melting. Therefore, we demonstrate the ability of cryogenic focused ion beam (cryo-FIB) to process and characterize electrochemically deposited Li and Li metal based solid-state thin film devices.
Author: Yu Yan
Publisher: OAE Publishing Inc.
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Lithium (Li) metal-based rechargeable batteries hold significant promise to meet the ever-increasing demands for portable electronic devices, electric vehicles and grid-scale energy storage, making them the optimal alternatives for next-generation secondary batteries. Nevertheless, Li metal anodes currently suffer from major drawbacks, including safety concerns, capacity decay and lifespan degradation, which arise from uncontrollable dendrite growth, notorious side reactions and infinite volume variation, thereby limiting their current practical application. Numerous critical endeavors from different perspectives have been dedicated to developing highly stable Li metal anodes. Herein, a comprehensive overview of Li metal anodes regarding fundamental mechanisms, scientific challenges, characterization techniques, theoretical investigations and advanced strategies is systematically presented. First, the basic working principles of Li metal-based batteries are introduced. Specific attention is then paid to the fundamental understanding of and challenges facing Li metal anodes. Accordingly, advanced characterization approaches and theoretical computations are introduced to understand the fundamental mechanisms of dendrite growth and parasitic reactions. Recent key progress in Li anode protection is then comprehensively summarized and categorized to generate an overview of the respective superiorities and limitations of the various strategies. Furthermore, this review concludes the remaining obstacles and potential research directions for inspiring the innovation of Li metal anodes and endeavors to accomplish the practical application of next-generation Li-based batteries.
Author: Fabio La Mantia
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 146
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Book Description
Author: Bingbing Tian
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Yoshiaki Kato
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429535023
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 194
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Book Description
High-performance secondary batteries, also called rechargeable or storage batteries, are a key component of electric automobiles, power storage for renewable energies, load levellers of electric power lines, base stations for mobile phones, and emergency power supply in hospitals, in addition to having application in energy security and realization of a low-carbon and resilient society. A detailed understanding of the physics and chemistry that occur in secondary batteries is required for developing next-generation secondary batteries with improved performance. Among various types of secondary batteries, lithium-ion batteries are most widely used because of their high energy density, small memory effect, and low self-discharge rate. This book introduces lithium-ion batteries, with an emphasis on their overview, roadmaps, and simulations. It also provides extensive descriptions of ion beam analysis and prospects for in situ diagnostics of lithium-ion batteries. The chapters are written by specialists in cutting-edge research on lithium-ion batteries and related subjects. The book will be a great reference for advanced undergraduate- and graduate-level students, researchers, and engineers in electrochemistry, nanotechnology, and diagnostic methods and instruments.
Author: Stè¹phanie Bessette
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
"Electric vehicles have started to make their appearance in the transportation industry. At Quebec's scale especially, since electricity is already sustained by an extensive network of dams and reservoir, Hydro-Quebec puts a lot of focus towards green gas emission reduction via transportation electrification. To be widely accepted, batteries used in electric vehicles must have high ranges, long durability, be safe and an economical choice in the long run for its user to abandon gasoline-powered automobiles. In that matter, the company's Center of Excellence in Transportation Electrification and Energy Storage works tirelessly on the development of new generation battery materials using elements available in large quantities, with high performance chemistry. Materials characterization with Scanning Electron Microscopy is one of the most important steps in developing new materials, since it links the microstructure of the material to its fabrication process and properties down to the nanometer scale. This study focuses on the development of quantitative techniques for lithium in battery materials since this light element is the key element in the operation of a battery. In this work energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) and secondary ion mass spectrometry are evaluated in relation to their capabilities to both detect and quantify lithium atoms in battery materials. A portable time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (TOF-SIMS) that can attach to a standard dual beam microscope(FIB-SEM) was found to fulfill both aspects while allowing high resolution imaging andchemical analysis of the samples. An experimental calibration curve of lithium content in standard nickel cobalt manganese oxide cathodes was built using TOF-SIMS detector. The calibration curve allows identification of lithium content in cathodes with different state of charge and according to different charging rates. TOF-SIMS allows visualization of ionic distributions in material. Furthermore, it can help observe differences in crystallographic orientation with respect to the beam in between primary particles and permits identification of chemical hotspots of lithium." --
Author: Matthew D. Murbach
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 137
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