Characterization of Folate Biosynthesis Genes in Phaseolus Vulgaris and Glycine Max and Genome-wide Association Study for Seed Folate Content in Phaseolus Vulgaris PDF Download
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Author: Christopher Joseph Martin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Plant-derived folates (vitamin B9) are essential components of the human diet. Putative folate biosynthesis genes were identified in the syntenic Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Glycine max (L.) Merr. genomes with the latter having undergone whole genome duplication (WGD). For most of the folate synthesis enzymes, two and four genes were discovered in P. vulgaris and G. max, respectively. Analysis of publicly available RNAseq data in both species demonstrated that one copy of each duplicated gene was ≥2-fold more highly expressed than the other. Expression of genes neighboring the folate structural genes were examined in order to determine whether or not the duplicated regions exhibited biased differential expression (genome dominance). Additionally, P. vulgaris and G. max synteny was characterized and gene retention following the WGD was examined. A subgenome bias in gene retention is known as biased fractionation. Neither genome dominance nor biased fractionation was observed in the G. max genome. The present work provides a phylogenetic and genomic analysis of this important biochemical pathway in two staple crops. The development of high-folate cultivars is necessary in order to reduce the prevalence of folate deficiency which leads to numerous adverse human health conditions. A diverse population of 100 P. vulgaris accessions, including several market classes, was grown in two years in Ontario, Canada. Total folate content across the population varied from 113 to 222 μg per 100 g of seeds. The accessions were genotyped for 5361 single nucleotide polymorphism markers, and a genome-wide association study was conducted for seed folate content. Six quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified on chromosomes 4, 6, 8, and 11. Candidate genes on this QTL included an S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase, a uridine diphosphate-dependent glucosyltransferase, an HXXXD-type acyltransferase, and a secretory protein 14 (SEC14)-like gene. This work reports the largest survey of genetic diversity for seed folate content in P. vulgaris and identified several genotypes, including SCN4, Bat 93, OAC Redstar, and Pompadour 1014, that would be useful for breeding beans with higher than average folate levels.
Author: Christopher Joseph Martin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Plant-derived folates (vitamin B9) are essential components of the human diet. Putative folate biosynthesis genes were identified in the syntenic Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Glycine max (L.) Merr. genomes with the latter having undergone whole genome duplication (WGD). For most of the folate synthesis enzymes, two and four genes were discovered in P. vulgaris and G. max, respectively. Analysis of publicly available RNAseq data in both species demonstrated that one copy of each duplicated gene was ≥2-fold more highly expressed than the other. Expression of genes neighboring the folate structural genes were examined in order to determine whether or not the duplicated regions exhibited biased differential expression (genome dominance). Additionally, P. vulgaris and G. max synteny was characterized and gene retention following the WGD was examined. A subgenome bias in gene retention is known as biased fractionation. Neither genome dominance nor biased fractionation was observed in the G. max genome. The present work provides a phylogenetic and genomic analysis of this important biochemical pathway in two staple crops. The development of high-folate cultivars is necessary in order to reduce the prevalence of folate deficiency which leads to numerous adverse human health conditions. A diverse population of 100 P. vulgaris accessions, including several market classes, was grown in two years in Ontario, Canada. Total folate content across the population varied from 113 to 222 μg per 100 g of seeds. The accessions were genotyped for 5361 single nucleotide polymorphism markers, and a genome-wide association study was conducted for seed folate content. Six quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified on chromosomes 4, 6, 8, and 11. Candidate genes on this QTL included an S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase, a uridine diphosphate-dependent glucosyltransferase, an HXXXD-type acyltransferase, and a secretory protein 14 (SEC14)-like gene. This work reports the largest survey of genetic diversity for seed folate content in P. vulgaris and identified several genotypes, including SCN4, Bat 93, OAC Redstar, and Pompadour 1014, that would be useful for breeding beans with higher than average folate levels.
Author: Jose C. Jimenez-Lopez
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832504949
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 448
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Author: Marcelino Pérez de la Vega
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319635263
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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This book provides insights into the genetics and the latest advances in genomics research on the common bean, offering a timely overview of topics that are pertinent for future developments in legume genomics. The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important grain legume crop for food consumption worldwide, as well as a model for legume research, and the availability of the genome sequence has completely changed the paradigm of the ongoing research on the species. Key topics covered include the numerous genetic and genomic resources, available tools, the identified genes and quantitative trait locus (QTL) identified, and there is a particular emphasis on domestication. It is a valuable resource for students and researchers interested in the genetics and genomics of the common bean and legumes in general.
Author: Paulo Cesar Izquierdo Romero
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important legumes for human consumption worldwide and is an important source of protein, vitamins, and micronutrients in the human diet. This research aimed to i) uncover the genetic architecture of yield, Fe bioavailability and seed micronutrient concentration, ii) characterize the genetic control of canning quality traits, and ii) assess the accuracy of genomic prediction models for yield and end-use quality traits. The genetic architecture of yield and seed micronutrient concentration was assessed through a combination of meta-QTL analyses integrating published studies over the last two decades in dry bean. A Gaussian mixture model was used to determine the number of distinct QTL in the meta-QTL analyses. Consistent meta-QTL over different genetic backgrounds and environments were identified, reducing the confidence interval compared with initial QTL. Furthermore, a genome-wide association (GWA) study with 295 lines of the yellow bean collection and 82 yellow recombinant inbred lines identified a major QTL for Fe bioavailability related to the ground factor P gene. A black breeding panel with 415 lines was evaluated for yield and canning quality traits in two growing seasons. Consistent associations for color retention, appearance and texture of canned beans were identified across years. Genomic prediction models provided moderate to high accuracy for end-use quality traits on the yellow and black populations. The genomic prediction accuracy was related to the heritability of each trait, and improvement of accuracy was observed for complex traits when secondary traits were included in the model, while for traits with major QTL, the use of associated markers as fixed effects increased prediction ability. The use of meta-QTL analyses and GWA in this study lays a foundation of the genetic control of yield and end-use quality traits and reveals the potential of genomic prediction for these traits in dry beans.
Author: Martin Brink
Publisher: PROTA
ISBN: 9057821702
Category : CD-ROMs
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Author: Olivier Van Aken
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781071616529
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 342
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This detailed volume presents a wide range of techniques for plant mitochondrial analysis, ranging from tried-and-tested work horse techniques to the latest innovations. Within its pages, it explores subjects such as affinity-based isolation of mitochondria with magnetic beads, mitochondrial quality assessment protocols, measurement of uptake and release of specific metabolites, mitochondrial protein identification and visualization, as well as gene splicing and editing, and much more. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Plant Mitochondria: Methods and Protocols provides a highly useful set of methodologies for the plant mitochondrial community to help discover more interesting aspects of plant mitochondria in the years to come.
Author: Kathleen Downey
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483100022
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 636
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Book Description
Advances in Gene Technology: Molecular Genetics of Plants and Animals contains the proceedings of the Miami Winter Symposium held in January 1983 in Miami, Florida. The papers explore advances in the molecular genetics of plants and animals and cover a wide range of topics such as genetic manipulation of plants; plant cell cultures, regeneration, and somatic cell fusion; and nitrogen fixation. Practical applications of gene technology with plants are also discussed. Comprised of 84 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of how plants manufacture from carbon dioxide and water all of their substances, paying particular attention to the path of carbon in photosynthesis. The organization of the plant genome is then considered, along with techniques for cell culture, regeneration, and somatic cell fusion; vector systems; and nitrogen fixation. Some chapters focus on gene transfer by protoplast fusion; somatic cell genetic systems in corn; regulation of transcription of the nitrogen fixation operons; and leghemoglobin and nodulin genes of soybean. The final section is devoted to practical applications of gene technology to plants and to technology frontiers in animal biology, in particular embryonic development and vaccines and diagnostic methods for animal diseases. This book should be of value to molecular geneticists.
Author: J. Derek Bewley
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461446937
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 400
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Book Description
This updated and much revised third edition of Seeds: Physiology of Development, Germination and Dormancy provides a thorough overview of seed biology and incorporates much of the progress that has been made during the past fifteen years. With an emphasis on placing information in the context of the seed, this new edition includes recent advances in the areas of molecular biology of development and germination, as well as fresh insights into dormancy, ecophysiology, desiccation tolerance, and longevity. Authored by preeminent authorities in the field, this book is an invaluable resource for researchers, teachers, and students interested in the diverse aspects of seed biology.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251300887
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Book Description
Pulses have a long history in sub-Saharan Africa due to their multiple benefits. Pulses, and legumes in general, can play an important role in agriculture because of their ability to biologically fix atmospheric nitrogen and to enhance the biological turnover of phosphorus; thus they could become the cornerstone of sustainable agriculture in Africa. In this sense, there is a body of literature that points to diversification of existing production systems – particularly legumes species, which provide critical environmental services, including soil erosion control and soil nutrient recapitalization. This publication is a review of some of the promising strategies to support the cultivation and utilization of pulses on smallholder farms in sub-Saharan Africa. The review is part of the legacy of the International Year of Pulses (IYP), which sought to recognize the contribution that pulses make to human well-being and the environment.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 2330
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