Characterization, Demulsification and Transportation of Heavy Crude Oil Via Oil-in-water (o/w) Emulsion PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Characterization, Demulsification and Transportation of Heavy Crude Oil Via Oil-in-water (o/w) Emulsion PDF full book. Access full book title Characterization, Demulsification and Transportation of Heavy Crude Oil Via Oil-in-water (o/w) Emulsion by Chew Fern Tan. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Chew Fern Tan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pipelines
Languages : en
Pages : 148
Get Book Here
Book Description
The production of heavy crude oil is limited due to its high viscosity. It is expected to increase in the future as low viscosity crudes are depleted. The high viscosity lead to increase of pump energy as it creates high pressure drop. In order to reduce the viscosity of the heavy crude, it is suggested to mix it with water and optimum emulsifiers to create a lower viscous fluid, oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions. In this study, both chemical and physical properties of O/W emulsion that prepared by using cocoamide DEA (nonionic and biodegradable surfactant that synthesis from coconut oil) and two types of conventional chemical emulsifiers (Span 83 and Triton X-100) were investigated. O/W emulsions with two different ratios (50-50% and 65-35%) were prepared at three different mixing speed (500rpm, 1000rpm and 1500rpm) with the concentrations (0.2 wt%, 0.5 wt% and 1.0 wt%) of each emulsifier. These emulsions were tested for relative rates of water separation (stability test), viscosity, shear stress and shear rate at varied temperature and stirring speed of Brookfield viscometer. While the droplet size was carried out by using Carl Zeiss Research Microscope and its software. Results sho that Span 83 at 1.0 wt% mixed with 65-35% O/W with 1500rpm mixing speed obtained the most stable emulsion for transportation compared to the other two. Then, its chemical properties were tested via Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). These chemical properties are important in order to predict the occurrence of wax deposition during the transportation. The transportation of the emulsion then carried out by using the laboratory scale pipeline. Demulsification is the process of separation of water from crude oil. Crude oil need to be separate efficiently and quickly from the water to allow further treatment. This is to ensure the crude oil value can be maximized and the operating cost can be minimized. Demulsifiers (Hexylamine and Coco Amine) with different concentrations (0.2 wt% and 0.5 wt%) were used for transportation. The relative rates of water separation were characterized via beaker test. Coco amine that synthesized from coconut oil promotes the best coalescene of droplets compared with the conventional demulsifier that used in this study which is hexylamine.
Author: Chew Fern Tan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pipelines
Languages : en
Pages : 148
Get Book Here
Book Description
The production of heavy crude oil is limited due to its high viscosity. It is expected to increase in the future as low viscosity crudes are depleted. The high viscosity lead to increase of pump energy as it creates high pressure drop. In order to reduce the viscosity of the heavy crude, it is suggested to mix it with water and optimum emulsifiers to create a lower viscous fluid, oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions. In this study, both chemical and physical properties of O/W emulsion that prepared by using cocoamide DEA (nonionic and biodegradable surfactant that synthesis from coconut oil) and two types of conventional chemical emulsifiers (Span 83 and Triton X-100) were investigated. O/W emulsions with two different ratios (50-50% and 65-35%) were prepared at three different mixing speed (500rpm, 1000rpm and 1500rpm) with the concentrations (0.2 wt%, 0.5 wt% and 1.0 wt%) of each emulsifier. These emulsions were tested for relative rates of water separation (stability test), viscosity, shear stress and shear rate at varied temperature and stirring speed of Brookfield viscometer. While the droplet size was carried out by using Carl Zeiss Research Microscope and its software. Results sho that Span 83 at 1.0 wt% mixed with 65-35% O/W with 1500rpm mixing speed obtained the most stable emulsion for transportation compared to the other two. Then, its chemical properties were tested via Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). These chemical properties are important in order to predict the occurrence of wax deposition during the transportation. The transportation of the emulsion then carried out by using the laboratory scale pipeline. Demulsification is the process of separation of water from crude oil. Crude oil need to be separate efficiently and quickly from the water to allow further treatment. This is to ensure the crude oil value can be maximized and the operating cost can be minimized. Demulsifiers (Hexylamine and Coco Amine) with different concentrations (0.2 wt% and 0.5 wt%) were used for transportation. The relative rates of water separation were characterized via beaker test. Coco amine that synthesized from coconut oil promotes the best coalescene of droplets compared with the conventional demulsifier that used in this study which is hexylamine.
Author: Abdurahman H. Nour
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783848404582
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 168
Get Book Here
Book Description
Stable concentrated oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions were prepared and their application for heavy oil pipeline transportation was investigated using very viscous Malaysian heavy crude oil. Two Malaysian heavy crude oil samples, Tapis and a blend of Tapis and Masilla, were used to produce heavy crude oil-in-water emulsions. The diverse factors affecting the properties and stability of emulsions were investigated. There was a restricted limit of 68 vol. % and 72 vol. % for crude oil content in the emulsions, and beyond that limit, the emulsion underwent phase inversion. The study revealed that the stability of the oil-in-water emulsion stabilized by Triton X-100 increases as the surfactant concentration increases, with a subsequent decrease in the crude oil-water interfacial tension (IFT). Increasing the oil content, the speed and duration of mixing, the salt concentration and the pH of the aqueous phase of the emulsion; resulted in increased emulsion stability, while increases in the temperature of the homogenization process substantially reduced the viscosity of the prepared emulsions.
Author: Muhammad Fawwaz Abdul Wahab
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 77
Get Book Here
Book Description
The production of heavy crude oil is limited due to its high viscosity. It is expected to increase in the future as low viscosity crudes are depleted. The high viscosity lead to the increasing of pump energy as it creates high pressure drop. In order to reduce the viscosity of the heavy crude, it is suggested to mix it with water and optimum emulsifiers to create a lower viscous fluid, oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions. In this study, both chemical and physical properties of O/W emulsion that is prepared by using cocoamide DEA (non-ionic and biodegradable surfactant that synthesis from coconut oil) and two types of conventional chemical emulsifiers (Span 80 and Triton X-100) were investigated. O/W emulsions with three different ratios (50 - 50% and 65 - 35% and 80 - 20%) were prepared at a mixing speed of 2000 rpm with the concentrations of (1.0 wt%, 1.5 wt% and 2.0 wt%) of each emulsifier. These emulsions were tested for relative rates of water separation (stability test), viscosity, shear stress and shear rate at room temperature and stirring speed of Brookfield viscometer. While the droplet size was carried out by using Carl Zeiss Research Microscope and its software. Result shows that Span 80 at 1.0 wt% mixed at each ratio of 50 - 50%, 65 - 35% and 80 - 20% O/W with 2000 rpm mixing speed obtained the most stable emulsions for transportation compared to the other emulsifiers. Demulsification is the process of separation of water from crude oil. Crude oil needs to be separated efficiently and quickly from the water to allow further treatment. This is to ensure the crude oil value can be maximized and the operating cost can be minimized. Demulsifiers (Hexylamine, Cocamide MEA and Dioctylamine) with different concentrations (1.0 wt%, 1.5% and 2.0 wt%) were used for demulsification. The relative rates of water separation were characterized via beaker test.
Author: Manar Abdel-Raouf
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535102206
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 244
Get Book Here
Book Description
Petroleum "black gold" is the most important nonrenewable source of energy. It is a complex mixture of different phases and components. Refining it provides a vast number of organic compounds, all of them of which are used to produce petroleum based products for numerous applications, from industry to medicine, from clothing to food industries. We can find petroleum based products all around us. This book deals with some important topics related to petroleum such as its chemical composition and stability. It is well-known that the chemical composition of crude oil differs according to the site of production, and its grade varies from waxy to asphaltenic crude. Both of them are refined to produce different products. The stability of crude oil on aging and transportation is governed by several factors and these factors are included within this book. Some new technologies for petroleum characterization are also introduced. This book is aimed at researchers, chemical engineers and people working within the petroleum industry.
Author: Liyana Nadirah Mat Suli
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pipelines
Languages : en
Pages : 79
Get Book Here
Book Description
The increasing world energy demand, heavy crude oils represent a significant energy supply that will play an important role. However these petroleum products are known to present technical challengers in all phase operation which is reservoir, transportation, and refining. The crude oil has high viscosity that would be challenge and difficult to transport via pipeline. This researched focus on two parts, first factors that effect stability of crude oil in water during transportation part. Second part is breaking oil in water emulsions. These investigations used 4 different types of surfactant to study stability part, and two types of demulsifiers for breaking the emulsion. The result showed increasing of oil content, the speed and temperature mixing of the emulsion resulted in increased emulsion stability. Span 80 is the most stable emulsifier for emulsion stability compared to the other surfactant. The graph plot between shear rate and shear stress shows the behavior of the crude oil. Demulsification of the stable crude oil in water emulsion was achieved by using hexylamine with 2% concentration which is the best demusifier.
Author: Larry W. Lake
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 930
Get Book Here
Book Description
The Petroleum Engineering Handbook has long been recognized as a valuable comprehensive reference book that offers practical day-to-day applications for students and experienced engineering professionals alike. Available now in 7 Volumes, Volume 1 covers General Engineering topics including chapters on mathematics, fluid properties (fluid sampling techniques; properties and correlations of oil, gas, condensate, and water; hydrocarbon phase behavior and phase diagrams for hydrocarbon systems; the phase behavior of water/hydrocarbon systems; and the properties of waxes, asphaltenes, and crude oil emulsions), rock properties (bulk rock properties, permeability, relative permeability, and capillary pressure), the economic and regulatory environment, and the role of fossil energy in the 21st century energy mix.
Author: Siow Fui Tam
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Demulsification
Languages : en
Pages : 74
Get Book Here
Book Description
The formation of water-in-crude oil (W/O) emulsion can be encountered at many stages during drilling, producing, transporting and processing of crude oils. A good understanding of petroleum emulsions is necessary for the intention to control and enhance the processes in all these stages. In this study, both chemical and physicochemical properties of W/O emulsions that prepared by using cocamide DEA (non-ionic and biodegradable surfactant that synthesized from coconut oil) and three types of conventional chemical emulsifiers (span 83, SDDS, triton X-100) were investigated. 50-50% W/O emulsions were prepared at 800rpm (mixing speed) with three different concentrations of each emulsifier. These emulsions were tested for relative rates of water separation (stability test), viscosity, shear stress, and shear rate at varied temperature and stirring speed of Brookfield viscometer. Results shown that span 83 and cocamide DEA were both effective. For chemical demulsification, demulsifiers with different concentrations were used to treat 50-50 and 20-80% W/O emulsions prepared at varied mixing speed. The relative rates of water separation were characterized via beaker tests. Coco amine and palm-based oleyl amine (synthesized from coconut oil and palm oil) were concluded to promote the best coalescence of droplets in compared with others conventional demulsifiers: hexylamine, PEG 600, and propylene glycol.
Author: Johan Sjoblom
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781420029581
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 766
Get Book Here
Book Description
A discussion of fundamental characteristics, theories and applications for liquid-liquid colloidal dispersions. It profiles experimental and traditional measurement techniques in a variety of emulsified systems, including rheology, nuclear magnetic resonance, dielectric spectroscopy, microcalorimetry, video enhanced microscopy, and conductivity.
Author: Laurier Lincoln Schramm
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521640679
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 633
Get Book Here
Book Description
This 2000 book provides an introduction to the nature, occurrence, physical properties, propagation, and uses of surfactants in the petroleum industry.
Author: Abdurahman Nour
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783845400303
Category : Emulsions
Languages : en
Pages : 220
Get Book Here
Book Description
With the combination of an increase in world energy demand and the decline of conventional oils, heavy crude oils have been presented as a relevant hydrocarbons resource for use in the future. Hydrocarbon resources are very important given that they account for approximately 65% of the world's overall energy resources. Currently, there are three general approaches for transportation of heavy and extra heavy oil: viscosity reduction, drag minimization and in-situ oil upgrading. This book introduces Another promising pipeline technique is the transport of viscous crudes as concentrated oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions.
