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Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309173183
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 722
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Book Description
Every aspect of immune function and host defense is dependent upon a proper supply and balance of nutrients. Severe malnutrition can cause significant alteration in immune response, but even subclinical deficits may be associated with an impaired immune response, and an increased risk of infection. Infectious diseases have accounted for more off-duty days during major wars than combat wounds or nonbattle injuries. Combined stressors may reduce the normal ability of soldiers to resist pathogens, increase their susceptibility to biological warfare agents, and reduce the effectiveness of vaccines intended to protect them. There is also a concern with the inappropriate use of dietary supplements. This book, one of a series, examines the impact of various types of stressors and the role of specific dietary nutrients in maintaining immune function of military personnel in the field. It reviews the impact of compromised nutrition status on immune function; the interaction of health, exercise, and stress (both physical and psychological) in immune function; and the role of nutritional supplements and newer biotechnology methods reported to enhance immune function. The first part of the book contains the committee's workshop summary and evaluation of ongoing research by Army scientists on immune status in special forces troops, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The rest of the book contains papers contributed by workshop speakers, grouped under such broad topics as an introduction to what is known about immune function, the assessment of immune function, the effect of nutrition, and the relation between the many and varied stresses encountered by military personnel and their effect on health.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309173183
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 722
Get Book Here
Book Description
Every aspect of immune function and host defense is dependent upon a proper supply and balance of nutrients. Severe malnutrition can cause significant alteration in immune response, but even subclinical deficits may be associated with an impaired immune response, and an increased risk of infection. Infectious diseases have accounted for more off-duty days during major wars than combat wounds or nonbattle injuries. Combined stressors may reduce the normal ability of soldiers to resist pathogens, increase their susceptibility to biological warfare agents, and reduce the effectiveness of vaccines intended to protect them. There is also a concern with the inappropriate use of dietary supplements. This book, one of a series, examines the impact of various types of stressors and the role of specific dietary nutrients in maintaining immune function of military personnel in the field. It reviews the impact of compromised nutrition status on immune function; the interaction of health, exercise, and stress (both physical and psychological) in immune function; and the role of nutritional supplements and newer biotechnology methods reported to enhance immune function. The first part of the book contains the committee's workshop summary and evaluation of ongoing research by Army scientists on immune status in special forces troops, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The rest of the book contains papers contributed by workshop speakers, grouped under such broad topics as an introduction to what is known about immune function, the assessment of immune function, the effect of nutrition, and the relation between the many and varied stresses encountered by military personnel and their effect on health.
Author: Rajeshwar P. Sinha
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128206594
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 504
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Book Description
Natural Bioactive Compounds: Technological Advancements deals with the latest breakthroughs in the field of screening, characterization and novel applications of natural bioactive compounds from diverse group of organisms ranging from bacteria, viruses, cyanobacteria, algae, fungi, bryophytes, higher plants, sponges, corals and fishes. Written by some of the most reputed scientists in the field, this book introduces the reader to strategies and methods in the search for bioactive natural products. It is an essential read for researchers and students interested in bioactive natural products, their biological and pharmacological properties, their possible use as chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic agents, and other future potential applications. - Explores natural sources of bioactive compounds, including cyanobacteria, bacteria, viruses, fungi and higher plants - Discusses the potential applications of biological products, such as their use in medicine (antibiotics, cancer research, immunology), as food additives, supplements and technological substances - Analyzes the contributions of emerging or developing technologies for the study of bioactive natural compounds (characterization and purification)
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309172764
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 303
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Book Description
The activities of the Food and Nutrition Board's Committee on Military Nutrition Research (CMNR, the committee) have been supported since 1994 by grant DAMD17-94-J-4046 from the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (USAMRMC). This report fulfills the final reporting requirement of the grant, and presents a summary of activities for the grant period from December 1, 1994 through May 31, 1999. During this grant period, the CMNR has met from three to six times each year in response to issues that are brought to the committee through the Military Nutrition and Biochemistry Division of the U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine at Natick, Massachusetts, and the Military Operational Medicine Program of USAMRMC at Fort Detrick, Maryland. The CMNR has submitted five workshop reports (plus two preliminary reports), including one that is a joint project with the Subcommittee on Body Composition, Nutrition, and Health of Military Women; three letter reports, and one brief report, all with recommendations, to the Commander, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, since September 1995 and has a brief report currently in preparation. These reports are summarized in the following activity report with synopses of additional topics for which reports were deferred pending completion of military research in progress. This activity report includes as appendixes the conclusions and recommendations from the nine reports and has been prepared in a fashion to allow rapid access to committee recommendations on the topics covered over the time period.
Author: Satya Prakash Gupta
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128154233
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 498
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Book Description
Viral Polymerases: Structures, Functions and Roles as Antiviral Drug Targets presents in-depth study information on the structure and functions of polymerases and their roles in the lifecycle of viruses, and as drug targets. Viral polymerases constitute a vital component in the lifecycle of many viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis viruses, influenza virus, and several others. They are essentially required for the replication of viruses. Thus, the polymerases that can be found in viruses (called viral polymerases) represent favorable targets for the design and development of antiviral drugs. - Provides comprehensive, state-of-the-art coverage on virus infections, the virus lifecycle, and mechanisms of polymerase inhibition - Analyzes the structure-activity relationships of inhibitors of each viral polymerase - Presents a consistent and comprehensive coverage of all aspects of viral polymerases, including structure, function and their role as antiviral drug targets
Author: Jen-Tsung Chen
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000909093
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 681
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Book Description
Coronaviruses can cause illness, severe disease, and death; for example, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and COVID-19. Vaccine development and antiviral drugs are challenged by the propensity for viral mutations allowing these viruses to evade such therapies. There are a number of bioactive compounds from natural sources, which can exert health benefits and act as antiviral therapies such as anti-inflammation, antioxidative stress, and immune regulation. This book summarizes research on the potential efficacy and underlying mechanisms of bioactive compounds and traditional medicines against SARS-CoV-2. Key Features Summarizes the potential benefits of bioactive therapies for coronaviruses Focuses on COVID-19, but also covers MERS and SARS Provides alternatives to vaccines and other antiviral drugs whose efficacy is reduced by viral mutations Relevant for clinicians and public health officials
Author: Farid A. Badria
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1839685204
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
Drug repurposing or drug repositioning is a new approach to presenting new indications for common commercial and clinically approved existing drugs. For example, chloroquine, an old antimalarial drug, showed promising results for treating COVID-19, interfering with MDR in several types of cancer, and chemosensitizing human leukemic cells.This book focuses on the hypothesis, risk/benefits, and economic impacts of drug repurposing on drug discovery in dermatology, infectious diseases, neurological disorders, cancer, and orphan diseases. It brings together up-to-date research to provide readers with an informative, illustrative, and easy-to-read book useful for students, clinicians, and the pharmaceutical industry.
Author: Subash Chandra Gupta
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319413341
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 479
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Book Description
This comprehensive volume focuses on anti-inflammatory nutraceuticals and their role in various chronic diseases. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs such as steroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), statins and metformin have been shown to modulate inflammatory pathways, but their long-term intake has been associated with numerous side effects. This means that there is enormous potential for dietary agents that can modulate inflammatory pathways in humans. Leading experts describe the latest research on the role of anti-inflammatory nutraceuticals in preventing and treating chronic diseases.
Author: Jean-Marc Sabatier
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
ISBN: 9814998613
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 235
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Book Description
Scientific literature on SARS-COV-2 viruses and its variants (especially variants of concern such as the ‘Delta variant’) and important cellular targets is crucial to help researchers, virologists and clinicians around the globe to develop a new generation of safer and more effective vaccines, and other treatments to address COVID-19 disease. The accompanying damage to the many organs and tissues of SARS-Co-2-infected people also needs to be understood and researchers are using data to devise meaningful protocols for treating these symptoms. This second volume of Coronaviruses brings together more useful information about the prevention/vaccination, and chemotherapies for the potential treatment of coronavirus infections. The volume includes eight chapters: (1) Broad spectrum antivirals to combat COVID-19 The reality and challenges, (2) COVID-19: Preventive and protective control management strategies, (3) Plant-derived extracts and bioactive compounds against coronavirus progression: preventive effects, mechanistic aspects, and structures, (4) Gastroenteritis: symptoms and epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2, (5) The chronicles of coronavirus: A Chinese king who conquered the entire world, (6) Traditional medicine as a natural remedy in ARDS & COVID-19, (7) Molecular pathogenesis of human coronaviruses of the 21st century, (8) COVID-19, mental health and neuropathophysiology of pain related to temporomandibular disorder. The volume serves as a novel compilation of key data on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 and represents a resource of the utmost value for all scholars studying SARS-CoV infections. It should also be of great interest to clinicians who may be facing an overwhelming number of individuals affected with COVID-19, with over 267 million global cases documented as of the first week of December 2021).
Author: Massimo Maffei
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN: 1527526372
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 445
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Book Description
Plants have always been a source of nourishment and healing for living things. Their dual task of producing nutrients and medicines has played a key role in the evolution of herbivore and omnivore organisms. The so-called secondary metabolites are molecules with well-defined functional roles. These compounds are produced to defend plants from abiotic and biotic stresses. The complexity of the molecular structures produced by plants is only equal to their versatility and chemical diversity, while the harmonic intertwining of biosynthetic and metabolic pathways offers a perfect picture of the adaptive plasticity of plants to changing environmental conditions. This book is divided into three parts designed to provide the reader with a general overview, a biochemical and a biotechnological approach to plant bioactive molecules. The first part analyses the concepts of chemical diversity, sustainability and functional role of bioactive molecules, by exploring the sites of synthesis and accumulation, the plant defence strategies and the use of bioactive molecules as food supplements and as a source for natural products to fight diseases. The first part ends with the study of chemotaxonomy. The second part is dedicated to plant biochemistry, with the detailed description of the main biosynthetic pathways leading to the synthesis of phenols and flavonoids, terpenes, oxylipins and nitrogen-containing substances. The third and final part describes plant biotechnology and production of bioactive molecules with industrial processes, both in vivo and in vitro. Special attention is paid to cell and tissue cultures, roots and shoots cultures, technological aspects describing bioreactors, biofermenters and photobioreactors. The book concludes with a chapter describing the genetic engineering strategies for the production of plant bioactive molecules, facing with ethical problems, risks and benefits of using recombinant DNA in genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and the use of molecular pharming, with a general discussion on food safety.
Author: Sankar Chandra Deka
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429515944
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 275
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Book Description
This valuable volume addresses the growing consumer demand for novel functional food products and for high-value, nutritionally rich products by focusing on the sources and applications of bioactives from food. The chapters in the book describe functional properties and discuss applications of the selected food ingredients obtained from various sources, including culinary banana, phalsa, pseudocereals, roselle calyces, asparagus, and more. Several chapters address the resurgence of interest in pseudocereals due to their excellent nutritional and biological values, gluten-free composition, and the presence of some health-promoting compounds. The book also looks at utilizing industrial byproducts for making functional and nutraceutical ingredients. The chapters on prebiotics and probiotics highlight different functional properties, and a chapter on food allergens discusses advancements in detection and management in the food manufacturing industries.
