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Author: Ben P. Walls
Publisher: Universal-Publishers
ISBN: 1581120095
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 117
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Book Description
A synopsis of eminent computer chess programs reveal that they are designed around a 'brute force' approach. An argument is made that by continuing the 'brute force' search approach, computer chess development is moving away from human evaluation methods. Research is done into studies of evaluation methods, and a discovery is made that humans use a form of intuition, called their 'sense of beauty', to choose the best chess move. A paper by Margulies is cited which formulates principles of beauty which apply to chess. Three versions of a chess program are developed, using no heuristics, standard chess heuristics, and beauty heuristics formulated from Margulies principles. The performance of the three versions of the program are compared using chess puzzles, and rated for how quickly they find the solution, and how few nodes they evaluate. Graphs are produced from the results of these tests, showing that beauty heuristics are, on average, 15% faster at finding the solution, and evaluate 10% fewer nodes. An improvement is implemented in all versions of the program which biases the search towards better moves, resulting in the beauty heuristics success rising to an average of 25% faster to the solution, and evaluating 33% fewer nodes, than the other heuristics. It is concluded that the beauty heuristics are closer to the way that humans evaluate chess positions.
Author: Ben P. Walls
Publisher: Universal-Publishers
ISBN: 1581120095
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 117
Get Book Here
Book Description
A synopsis of eminent computer chess programs reveal that they are designed around a 'brute force' approach. An argument is made that by continuing the 'brute force' search approach, computer chess development is moving away from human evaluation methods. Research is done into studies of evaluation methods, and a discovery is made that humans use a form of intuition, called their 'sense of beauty', to choose the best chess move. A paper by Margulies is cited which formulates principles of beauty which apply to chess. Three versions of a chess program are developed, using no heuristics, standard chess heuristics, and beauty heuristics formulated from Margulies principles. The performance of the three versions of the program are compared using chess puzzles, and rated for how quickly they find the solution, and how few nodes they evaluate. Graphs are produced from the results of these tests, showing that beauty heuristics are, on average, 15% faster at finding the solution, and evaluate 10% fewer nodes. An improvement is implemented in all versions of the program which biases the search towards better moves, resulting in the beauty heuristics success rising to an average of 25% faster to the solution, and evaluating 33% fewer nodes, than the other heuristics. It is concluded that the beauty heuristics are closer to the way that humans evaluate chess positions.
Author: Alexis Dee
Publisher: Starlight
ISBN:
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
“You are my mate; how can you allow this?” I was crying and feeling helpless as I was tied to the bed. “An ugly princess like you is only a good sight when she gets tortured,” his response shook me into silence. “She is yours for the night,” my mate Karson told the old man and then gestured towards the sex toys on the table, “Use all of them,” my heart sank in my chest when he picked up a camera to record the torture. “You are my mate, but that’s the only pleasure I will getting from you every night,” he chuckled after revealing what he had decided for me. …. Nora Greer was an unloved Alpha Female. Despite, being born to the Alpha of The Fire Vixen pack, she was hated by everyone. Her only saving grace was her mate The Alpha King Karson. All it took was a night and an angry wolf for her to lose the last thread of hope. Her once beautiful face now had Wolf's paw marks. She was rejected and punished by Karson in the worst ways possible. Will she ever find the love, respect, and comfort she deserves?
Author: Bonnie Berry
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN: 0313071853
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 177
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Book Description
Society has always been fixated on looks and celebrities, but how we look has deep ramifications for ordinary people too. In this book, Bonnie Berry explains how social inequality pertains to prejudice and discrimination against people based on their physical appearance. This form of inequality overlaps with other, better-known forms of inequality such as those that result from sexism, racism, ageism, and classism. Social inequality regarding looks is notable in a number of settings: work, medical treatment, romance, and marriage, to mention a few. It is experienced as limitations on access to social power. Berry discusses the pressures to be attractive and the methods by which we strive to alter our appearance through plastic surgery, cosmetics, and the like. Berry also discusses cultural factors, such as the manner in which globalization of media, advertisements, and movies have trended toward homogenization, whereby we are all encouraged to appear tall, thin, white, and with Northern European features even if we are none of those things. She also analyzes the underlying social forces such as economic incentives that, on the one hand, channel us to be as physically acceptable as possible via the sale of diet pills and skin lighteners, and on the other hand, encourage us to accept ourselves as we are by selling us plus-size clothing. The book concludes with suggestions for equal rights extended to all regardless of appearance. Here, Berry describes budding social movements and grassroots endeavors toward an acceptance of looks diversity.
Author: Rosemary L. Hopcroft
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040005926
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 131
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Book Description
This is the first book to fully examine, from an evolutionary point of view, the association of social status and fertility in human societies before, during, and after the demographic transition. In most nonhuman social species, social status or relative rank in a social group is positively associated with the number of offspring, with high-status individuals typically having more offspring than low-status individuals. However, humans appear to be different. As societies have gotten richer, fertility has dipped to unprecedented lows, with some developed societies now at or below replacement fertility. Within rich societies, women in higher-income families often have fewer children than women in lower-income families. Evolutionary theory suggests that the relationship between social status and fertility is likely to be somewhat different for men and women, so it is important to examine this relationship for men and women separately. When this is done, the positive association between individual social status and fertility is often clear in less-developed, pre-transitional societies, particularly for men. Once the demographic transition begins, it is elite families, particularly the women of elite families, who lead the way in fertility decline. Post-transition, the evidence from a variety of developed societies in Europe, North America and East Asia is that high-status men (particularly men with high personal income) do have more children on average than lower-status men. The reverse is often true of women, although there is evidence that this is changing in Nordic countries. The implications of these observations for evolutionary theory are also discussed. This book will be of interest to students and researchers in the social sciences with an interest in evolutionary sociology, evolutionary anthropology, evolutionary psychology, demography, and fertility.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chess
Languages : en
Pages : 232
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Book Description
Author: Akbar Husain
Publisher: Northern Book Centre
ISBN: 9788172110550
Category : Marriage
Languages : en
Pages : 98
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Book Description
An up-to-date and an integrated presentation of a general introduction, theoretical approaches and factors in mate selection. How do men and women differ in their selection preferences? What are the characteristics (physical, biological, social and psychological) associated with mate selection of preferences? Selecting a mate is just one social problem, and the present book provides a full understanding of human mating systems. ISBN 81-7211-055-3 Size: 22 x 14 cms. Pages: viii + 86 Price: Rs. 100 Market: Applied Psychology, Sociology, Counsellors.
Author: L. Clifton Edwards
Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers
ISBN: 1630873667
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 214
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Book Description
With an interdisciplinary approach, Edwards utilizes literature, aesthetics, world religions, and continental philosophy as avenues into the theology of natural beauty. This is an epistemological look at our aesthetically charged knowing of God through nature. Emphasizing our embodied experience of the world, Edwards examines the phenomenon of perceptual beauty, while questioning traditional notions of God's metaphysical "beauty." Drawing upon Michael Polanyi's philosophy of science, Edwards explores the human aesthetic and religious interface with the natural world. This philosophical approach is then linked to the poetic: Polanyi's "tacit knowledge" and Jean-Luc Marion's "saturated phenomena" give support to Wordsworth's "pregnant vision" of the natural world. This approach culminates in a re-envisaging of John Ruskin's typology of natural beauty: Ruskin's vision of the world can be adapted toward an understanding of natural revelation. Edwards brings this Romantic theology back across the Atlantic in dialogue with American nature writers and the uniquely American experience of wilderness and "frontier."
Author: Arthur Ford Mackenzie
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chess
Languages : en
Pages : 612
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Book Description
Author: Allan D. Cooper
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 149859610X
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 189
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Book Description
Political philosophers from the beginning of history have articulated the significance of beauty. Allan D. Cooper argues that these writings are coded to justify patriarchal structures of power, and that each epoch of global history has reflected a paradigm of beauty that rationalizes protocols of gender performance. Patriarchy is a system of knowledge that trains men to become soldiers but is now being challenged by human rights advocates and women’s rights activists.
Author: Rosemary L. Hopcroft
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317353307
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 267
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Book Description
Offering new research and analysis on the relation between gender and evolution, this book explains conflict between the sexes and the frequent emergence and stubborn continuation of patriarchal regimes that serve to control the behavior of women in societies around the world, both past and present. Women and men are different, on average. But that does not mean they are unequal. Indeed, understanding average differences is key to the full realization of equality in health care and other dimensions of social life. Hopcroft shows that gender differences in physiology, psychology, and behavior can be traced to slight differences in evolved traits between men and women. These differences exist because of sex differences in investment in offspring, which meant that, in the environment of evolution, some adaptive problems were more important for men to solve than for women, and vice versa. For men, the most important adaptive problem to solve was that of finding a mate. Men who did not solve this problem are not our ancestors. For women, the most important adaptive problem to solve was that of successfully bearing and raising children. Women who did not solve this problem are not our ancestors. These small differences underlie all the differences described in the book, including sex differences in mate preferences, physiology, cognition, aggression, status striving, and emotional experience. It can also help explain the differential treatment of children by parents, the differential success of boys and girls in modern schools, and sex differences in style of communication.
