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Author: Seo Yeon Jang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Diabetics
Languages : en
Pages : 105
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Book Description
Mexican Americans are the largest segment of Hispanics in the United States of America (U.S.). Hispanics and Mexican Americans are more likely to have higher rates of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its risk factors such as obesity, physical inactivity, low socioeconomic status (SES), and food insecurity compared to non-Hispanic Whites (NHW). However, the research looking into the associations between these risk factors and T2D, and the potential racial/ethnic differences is limited. This study examined whether food insecurity was related to T2D independently of low SES and a wide range of T2D risk factors among Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) in a nationally representative sample in the U.S. About 12,944 adults, including 2,955 Mexican Americans and 6,363 non-Hispanic Whites, 20-84yr, from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2004 were included in the analyses. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that participants with marginal or very low food security (vs. high food security) at the household level were more likely to have T2D after adjusting for education, employment, poverty, race/ethnicity, age, gender, and country of birth (p
Author: Seo Yeon Jang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Diabetics
Languages : en
Pages : 105
Get Book Here
Book Description
Mexican Americans are the largest segment of Hispanics in the United States of America (U.S.). Hispanics and Mexican Americans are more likely to have higher rates of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its risk factors such as obesity, physical inactivity, low socioeconomic status (SES), and food insecurity compared to non-Hispanic Whites (NHW). However, the research looking into the associations between these risk factors and T2D, and the potential racial/ethnic differences is limited. This study examined whether food insecurity was related to T2D independently of low SES and a wide range of T2D risk factors among Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) in a nationally representative sample in the U.S. About 12,944 adults, including 2,955 Mexican Americans and 6,363 non-Hispanic Whites, 20-84yr, from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2004 were included in the analyses. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that participants with marginal or very low food security (vs. high food security) at the household level were more likely to have T2D after adjusting for education, employment, poverty, race/ethnicity, age, gender, and country of birth (p
Author: Lidia Avelar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Food insecurity is a global concern. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2021, the number of people affected by hunger rose to 828 million, an increase of about 46 million since 2020 (WHO 2022). In the United States, 10.2% of households were food insecure in 2021. Having minimal access to nutritious foods affects the physical and mental wellbeing of people which may include type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and mental health illnesses such as anxiety, depression, and mood disorders. Many efforts to help reduce food insecurity are in place, but underrepresented minorities continue to be affected (Joachim-Celestin et al., 2022). Latinas are among this affected group in the United States (US) and there is a need for an intervention to help reduce the health burden this has. This literature review used social ecological theory to assess the relationships among these conditions. I also assessed current activities and interventions community-based organizations must help understand the relationship food insecurity has with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and mental health. There were two theoretical frameworks that helped identify the associations food insecurity has on the wellbeing of people with T2D and mental health illness. The social ecological model and the social determinants of health helped identify these associations.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 38
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Book Description
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583
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Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author:
Publisher: U.S. Government Printing Office
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 86
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Book Description
This chart book is designed to document current differences in well-being by race and Hispanic origin and to describe how such differences have evolved over the past several decades. The charts included in this book show key indicators of well-being in seven broad categories: (1) population; (2) education; (3) labor markets; (4) economic status; (5) health; (6) crime and criminal justice; and (7) housing and neighborhoods. Each section begins with a brief introduction and overview of the charts presented. This information provides a benchmark for measuring future progress and can highlight priority areas for reducing disparities across racial and ethnic groups. All the racial and ethnic groups considered here have experienced substantial improvements in well-being over the second half of the century, but disparities between groups have persisted, or in some cases, widened. An example is the decline in the relative economic status of Hispanics over the past 25 years, reflecting the increasing proportion of Hispanics with lower average levels of education, in large part because of immigration. The section on education, which makes disparities in educational attainment and achievement clear, contains information on family participation in literacy activities and preschool education. One chart reviews computer use by elementary school children, and two charts cover reading and mathematics proficiency scores, both of which have implications for the pursuit of higher education. Three charts focus on the educational attainment of adults over 25 years old. An appendix provides a list of other government publications and Internet addresses for more information. (Contains 49 graphs and bar charts.) (SLD)
Author: Lolita Nikolova
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 3110500825
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 355
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Book Description
'Western-Pontic Culture Ambience and Pattern: In Memory of Eugen Comsa' is dedicated to the memory of Eugen Comsa, an archaeologist whose work created the foundation of the Northern Balkan prehistory and was essential for the contemporary view of the prehistory of the North-western Pontic region. This edited volume brings together researchers in the field of Circumpontic archaeology from the Neolithic to the Iron Age period. The content of the volume is offered to students and scholars who seek a deeper understanding of the prehistory of the Western Pontic region, in particular the Balkans in their Eurasian context and more broadly to enhance the scholarly collections of academic, educational, public and private libraries throughout the world.
Author: United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Hunger
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Food relief
Languages : en
Pages : 180
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Book Description
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309164818
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 502
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Book Description
Hispanics and the Future of America presents details of the complex story of a population that varies in many dimensions, including national origin, immigration status, and generation. The papers in this volume draw on a wide variety of data sources to describe the contours of this population, from the perspectives of history, demography, geography, education, family, employment, economic well-being, health, and political engagement. They provide a rich source of information for researchers, policy makers, and others who want to better understand the fast-growing and diverse population that we call "Hispanic." The current period is a critical one for getting a better understanding of how Hispanics are being shaped by the U.S. experience. This will, in turn, affect the United States and the contours of the Hispanic future remain uncertain. The uncertainties include such issues as whether Hispanics, especially immigrants, improve their educational attainment and fluency in English and thereby improve their economic position; whether growing numbers of foreign-born Hispanics become citizens and achieve empowerment at the ballot box and through elected office; whether impending health problems are successfully averted; and whether Hispanics' geographic dispersal accelerates their spatial and social integration. The papers in this volume provide invaluable information to explore these issues.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309133181
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 536
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Book Description
The anthrax incidents following the 9/11 terrorist attacks put the spotlight on the nation's public health agencies, placing it under an unprecedented scrutiny that added new dimensions to the complex issues considered in this report. The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century reaffirms the vision of Healthy People 2010, and outlines a systems approach to assuring the nation's health in practice, research, and policy. This approach focuses on joining the unique resources and perspectives of diverse sectors and entities and challenges these groups to work in a concerted, strategic way to promote and protect the public's health. Focusing on diverse partnerships as the framework for public health, the book discusses: The need for a shift from an individual to a population-based approach in practice, research, policy, and community engagement. The status of the governmental public health infrastructure and what needs to be improved, including its interface with the health care delivery system. The roles nongovernment actors, such as academia, business, local communities and the media can play in creating a healthy nation. Providing an accessible analysis, this book will be important to public health policy-makers and practitioners, business and community leaders, health advocates, educators and journalists.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030930783X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
How we produce and consume food has a bigger impact on Americans' well-being than any other human activity. The food industry is the largest sector of our economy; food touches everything from our health to the environment, climate change, economic inequality, and the federal budget. From the earliest developments of agriculture, a major goal has been to attain sufficient foods that provide the energy and the nutrients needed for a healthy, active life. Over time, food production, processing, marketing, and consumption have evolved and become highly complex. The challenges of improving the food system in the 21st century will require systemic approaches that take full account of social, economic, ecological, and evolutionary factors. Policy or business interventions involving a segment of the food system often have consequences beyond the original issue the intervention was meant to address. A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System develops an analytical framework for assessing effects associated with the ways in which food is grown, processed, distributed, marketed, retailed, and consumed in the United States. The framework will allow users to recognize effects across the full food system, consider all domains and dimensions of effects, account for systems dynamics and complexities, and choose appropriate methods for analysis. This report provides example applications of the framework based on complex questions that are currently under debate: consumption of a healthy and safe diet, food security, animal welfare, and preserving the environment and its resources. A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System describes the U.S. food system and provides a brief history of its evolution into the current system. This report identifies some of the real and potential implications of the current system in terms of its health, environmental, and socioeconomic effects along with a sense for the complexities of the system, potential metrics, and some of the data needs that are required to assess the effects. The overview of the food system and the framework described in this report will be an essential resource for decision makers, researchers, and others to examine the possible impacts of alternative policies or agricultural or food processing practices.
