Author: Péter Berta
Publisher: Rutgers University Press
ISBN: 1978822847
Category : Family & Relationships
Languages : en
Pages : 137
Book Description
Arranged Marriage: The Politics of Tradition, Resistance, and Change shows how arranged marriage practices have been undergoing transformation as a result of global and other processes such as the revolution of digital technology, democratization of transnational mobility, or shifting significance of patriarchal power structures. The ethnographically informed chapters not only highlight how the gendered and intergenerational politics of agency, autonomy, choice, consent, and intimacy work in the contexts of partner choice and management of marriage, but also point out that arranged marriages are increasingly varied and they can be reshaped, reinvented, and reinterpreted flexibly in response to individual, family, religious, class, ethnic, and other desires, needs, and constraints. The authors convincingly demonstrate that a nuanced investigation of the reasons, complex dynamics, and consequences of arranged marriages offers a refreshing analytical lens that can significantly contribute to a deeper understanding of other phenomena such as globalization, modernization, and international migration as well as patriarchal value regimes, intergenerational power imbalances, and gendered subordination and vulnerability of women.
Arranged Love
Author: Parul A. Mittal
Publisher: Penguin UK
ISBN: 8184759142
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 266
Book Description
Suhaani is enjoying her independent status in the US and her sexy Indian American boyfriend, when suddenly she loses her job to recession. And shes forced to move back to India where her father has selected a boy for her from his guitar class. Suhaani doesn1t know how to tell her Internet-savvy dad and Farmville- addict mother that she1s not interested in an arranged match, especially to an IITian. She decides to dislike the guy. Except that hes not too thrilled about her either. Even when they end up working together, Suhaani decides she will not fall for this guy. But before she can turn him down, he rejects her!
Publisher: Penguin UK
ISBN: 8184759142
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 266
Book Description
Suhaani is enjoying her independent status in the US and her sexy Indian American boyfriend, when suddenly she loses her job to recession. And shes forced to move back to India where her father has selected a boy for her from his guitar class. Suhaani doesn1t know how to tell her Internet-savvy dad and Farmville- addict mother that she1s not interested in an arranged match, especially to an IITian. She decides to dislike the guy. Except that hes not too thrilled about her either. Even when they end up working together, Suhaani decides she will not fall for this guy. But before she can turn him down, he rejects her!
Arranged for Love
Author: Micheal Coupet
Publisher: Micheal Coupet
ISBN:
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Jason Cohen, a wealthy and attractive man, and Vanessa Halt, a woman who discovers that her entire life has been prearranged. Despite initially hating each other, Vanessa and Jason find themselves falling in love with each other as they get to know each other better. Vanessa Halt didn't know that everything was arranged ever since she was born. They didn't tell her, until now, when the strangers came into her life. She was force to marry to this unbelievable handsome guy. Hating him at first, but as time pass, she got to know him and his family better. Shockingly, she found herself falling for him, hard on him.
Publisher: Micheal Coupet
ISBN:
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Jason Cohen, a wealthy and attractive man, and Vanessa Halt, a woman who discovers that her entire life has been prearranged. Despite initially hating each other, Vanessa and Jason find themselves falling in love with each other as they get to know each other better. Vanessa Halt didn't know that everything was arranged ever since she was born. They didn't tell her, until now, when the strangers came into her life. She was force to marry to this unbelievable handsome guy. Hating him at first, but as time pass, she got to know him and his family better. Shockingly, she found herself falling for him, hard on him.
Arranged Marriage
Author: Péter Berta
Publisher: Rutgers University Press
ISBN: 1978822847
Category : Family & Relationships
Languages : en
Pages : 137
Book Description
Arranged Marriage: The Politics of Tradition, Resistance, and Change shows how arranged marriage practices have been undergoing transformation as a result of global and other processes such as the revolution of digital technology, democratization of transnational mobility, or shifting significance of patriarchal power structures. The ethnographically informed chapters not only highlight how the gendered and intergenerational politics of agency, autonomy, choice, consent, and intimacy work in the contexts of partner choice and management of marriage, but also point out that arranged marriages are increasingly varied and they can be reshaped, reinvented, and reinterpreted flexibly in response to individual, family, religious, class, ethnic, and other desires, needs, and constraints. The authors convincingly demonstrate that a nuanced investigation of the reasons, complex dynamics, and consequences of arranged marriages offers a refreshing analytical lens that can significantly contribute to a deeper understanding of other phenomena such as globalization, modernization, and international migration as well as patriarchal value regimes, intergenerational power imbalances, and gendered subordination and vulnerability of women.
Publisher: Rutgers University Press
ISBN: 1978822847
Category : Family & Relationships
Languages : en
Pages : 137
Book Description
Arranged Marriage: The Politics of Tradition, Resistance, and Change shows how arranged marriage practices have been undergoing transformation as a result of global and other processes such as the revolution of digital technology, democratization of transnational mobility, or shifting significance of patriarchal power structures. The ethnographically informed chapters not only highlight how the gendered and intergenerational politics of agency, autonomy, choice, consent, and intimacy work in the contexts of partner choice and management of marriage, but also point out that arranged marriages are increasingly varied and they can be reshaped, reinvented, and reinterpreted flexibly in response to individual, family, religious, class, ethnic, and other desires, needs, and constraints. The authors convincingly demonstrate that a nuanced investigation of the reasons, complex dynamics, and consequences of arranged marriages offers a refreshing analytical lens that can significantly contribute to a deeper understanding of other phenomena such as globalization, modernization, and international migration as well as patriarchal value regimes, intergenerational power imbalances, and gendered subordination and vulnerability of women.
Social Dynamics 2.0: Researching Change in Times of Media Convergence
Author: Nadja-Christina Schneider
Publisher: Frank & Timme GmbH
ISBN: 3865963226
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 169
Book Description
"Mediated forms of communication increasingly influence the social relations and different spheres of life in the region of South Asia, Southeast Asia and in the Arab-speaking region. ... This volume has a strong focus on the internet and on the diversity of internet-based communication in the three regions mentioned above."--P. [4] of cover.
Publisher: Frank & Timme GmbH
ISBN: 3865963226
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 169
Book Description
"Mediated forms of communication increasingly influence the social relations and different spheres of life in the region of South Asia, Southeast Asia and in the Arab-speaking region. ... This volume has a strong focus on the internet and on the diversity of internet-based communication in the three regions mentioned above."--P. [4] of cover.
International Handbook of Love
Author: Claude-Hélène Mayer
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030459969
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 1123
Book Description
This handbook includes state-of-the-art research on love in classical, modern and postmodern perspectives. It expands on previous literature and explores topics around love from new cultural, intercultural and transcultural approaches and across disciplines. It provides insights into various love concepts, like romantic love, agape, and eros in their cultural embeddedness, and their changes and developments in specific cultural contexts. It also includes discussions on postmodern aspects with regard to love and love relationships, such as digitalisation, globalisation and the fourth industrial revolution. The handbook covers a vast range of topics in relation to love: aging, health, special needs, sexual preferences, spiritual practice, subcultures, family and other relationships, and so on. The chapters look at love not only in terms of the universal concept and in private, intimate relationships, but apply a broad concept of love which can also, for example, be referred to in postmodern workplaces. This volume is of interest to a wide readership, including researchers, practitioners and students of the social sciences, humanities and behavioural sciences. In the 1970s through the 90s, I was told that globalization was homogenizing cultures into a worldwide monoculture. This volume, as risky and profound as the many adventures of love across our multiplying cultures are, proves otherwise. The authors’ revolutionary and courageous work will challenge our sensibilities and expand the boundaries of what we understand what love is. But that’s what love does: It communicates what is; offers what can be; and pleads for what must be. I know you’ll enjoy this wonderful book as much as I do! Jeffrey Ady, Associate Professor (retired), Public Administration Program, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Founding Fellow, International Academy for Intercultural Research The International Handbook of Love is far more than a traditional compendium. It is a breath-taking attempt to synthesize our anthropological and sociological knowledge on love. It illuminates topics as diverse as Chinese love, one-night stands, teen romance or love of leaders and many more. This is a definitive reference in the field of love studies. Eva Illouz, author of The End of Love: A sociology of Negative relationships. Oxford University Press. “This is not a volume to be read in a single sitting (though I almost did, due to a protracted hospital stay), nor is it romantic or inspirational reading (though, in some cases, I had hoped for more narrative examples and case studies. Rather it is a highly diverse scholarly effort, a massive resource collection of research papers on love in a variety of contexts, personal and professional settings, and cultures. The work is well referenced providing a large number of resources for deeper exploration. .... We owe our thanks to the authors and editors of this “handbook” for work well done, though that word in the title should not lead readers to suspect that, enlightening as it is, this book is a vade mecum or practical tour guide that provides ready solutions to the vicissitudes and challenges of our love lives!” Reviewed by Dr. George F. Simons on amazon.com ******* Please see Claude-Hélène Mayer’s interview related to the handbook in LeanHealth Talks published by Bernadette Bruckner: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yVNXA9sWuWo ******* Please see Claude-Hélène Mayer’s interview related to the handbook published In Iran News Daily: https://newspaper.irandaily.ir/?nid=6941&pid=6&type=0
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030459969
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 1123
Book Description
This handbook includes state-of-the-art research on love in classical, modern and postmodern perspectives. It expands on previous literature and explores topics around love from new cultural, intercultural and transcultural approaches and across disciplines. It provides insights into various love concepts, like romantic love, agape, and eros in their cultural embeddedness, and their changes and developments in specific cultural contexts. It also includes discussions on postmodern aspects with regard to love and love relationships, such as digitalisation, globalisation and the fourth industrial revolution. The handbook covers a vast range of topics in relation to love: aging, health, special needs, sexual preferences, spiritual practice, subcultures, family and other relationships, and so on. The chapters look at love not only in terms of the universal concept and in private, intimate relationships, but apply a broad concept of love which can also, for example, be referred to in postmodern workplaces. This volume is of interest to a wide readership, including researchers, practitioners and students of the social sciences, humanities and behavioural sciences. In the 1970s through the 90s, I was told that globalization was homogenizing cultures into a worldwide monoculture. This volume, as risky and profound as the many adventures of love across our multiplying cultures are, proves otherwise. The authors’ revolutionary and courageous work will challenge our sensibilities and expand the boundaries of what we understand what love is. But that’s what love does: It communicates what is; offers what can be; and pleads for what must be. I know you’ll enjoy this wonderful book as much as I do! Jeffrey Ady, Associate Professor (retired), Public Administration Program, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Founding Fellow, International Academy for Intercultural Research The International Handbook of Love is far more than a traditional compendium. It is a breath-taking attempt to synthesize our anthropological and sociological knowledge on love. It illuminates topics as diverse as Chinese love, one-night stands, teen romance or love of leaders and many more. This is a definitive reference in the field of love studies. Eva Illouz, author of The End of Love: A sociology of Negative relationships. Oxford University Press. “This is not a volume to be read in a single sitting (though I almost did, due to a protracted hospital stay), nor is it romantic or inspirational reading (though, in some cases, I had hoped for more narrative examples and case studies. Rather it is a highly diverse scholarly effort, a massive resource collection of research papers on love in a variety of contexts, personal and professional settings, and cultures. The work is well referenced providing a large number of resources for deeper exploration. .... We owe our thanks to the authors and editors of this “handbook” for work well done, though that word in the title should not lead readers to suspect that, enlightening as it is, this book is a vade mecum or practical tour guide that provides ready solutions to the vicissitudes and challenges of our love lives!” Reviewed by Dr. George F. Simons on amazon.com ******* Please see Claude-Hélène Mayer’s interview related to the handbook in LeanHealth Talks published by Bernadette Bruckner: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yVNXA9sWuWo ******* Please see Claude-Hélène Mayer’s interview related to the handbook published In Iran News Daily: https://newspaper.irandaily.ir/?nid=6941&pid=6&type=0
Love's Rite
Author: Ruth Vanita
Publisher: Penguin Books India
ISBN: 9780144000593
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 392
Book Description
(This) Absorbing New Book Shows How Subtly And Imaginatively Indian Attitudes Toward Same-Sex Unions Have Evolved Over The Centuries&And Offers A Marvelously Global Perspective Characterized By Profound Historical Understanding, Impeccable Scholarship, And A Rare And Delightful Precision Of Feeling. - Terry Castle, Professor At Stanford University, Editor Of The Literature Of Lesbianism. Why Should The State S Refusal To Recognize A Union As Marriage Mean That The Union Is Not A Marriage? In Love S Rite Ruth Vanita Asks This Challenging Question In Order To Emphasize That Mutual Consent And Family And Community Recognition Validate A Marriage-And This Support Frequently Extends To Same-Sex Marriages As Well. When People Claim The Right To Marry, Their Sex Or Sexuality Is Not Intrinsic To That Right, Although Social Prejudice Makes It Appear So. Moreover, It Cannot Be Denied That A Multitude Of Events And Depictions In Vastly Different Cultures, Times And Places, All Point To The Possibility Of Same-Sex Love And Commitment Being Recognized And Accepted. Marriage Is A Universal Rite Of Passage That Can, In The Right Circumstances, Become The Perfect Ceremony Of Love S Rite . Vanita Examines The Twin Phenomena Of Same-Sex Weddings And Same-Sex Joint Suicides (Mostly Female) That Have Been Reported From Many Parts Of India. She Argues That These Couples, When They Choose To Marry Or Die Together, Invoke Long-Standing But Fluid Indian Legal, Religious, And Literary-Cinematic Traditions To Declare Their Love To The World. Using Her Intimate Knowledge Of Ancient Indian Textual History, The Author Demonstrates That Same-Sex Love And Relationships Are Deeply Rooted In Indian Culture- And Compares The Cultural And Legal Implications Of Same-Sex Marriage In India With Those In The West. The International Debate On Same-Sex Marriage Is Relevant To All Democratic Societies Today. Ruth Vanita Brings A Fresh Perspective To This Debate, Suggesting That Same-Sex Marriage Dwells At The Heart, Not On The Margins, Of Culture. An Effortless Combination Of Empathy, Moral Conviction And Deep Cultural Sensitivity -Ashis Nandy
Publisher: Penguin Books India
ISBN: 9780144000593
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 392
Book Description
(This) Absorbing New Book Shows How Subtly And Imaginatively Indian Attitudes Toward Same-Sex Unions Have Evolved Over The Centuries&And Offers A Marvelously Global Perspective Characterized By Profound Historical Understanding, Impeccable Scholarship, And A Rare And Delightful Precision Of Feeling. - Terry Castle, Professor At Stanford University, Editor Of The Literature Of Lesbianism. Why Should The State S Refusal To Recognize A Union As Marriage Mean That The Union Is Not A Marriage? In Love S Rite Ruth Vanita Asks This Challenging Question In Order To Emphasize That Mutual Consent And Family And Community Recognition Validate A Marriage-And This Support Frequently Extends To Same-Sex Marriages As Well. When People Claim The Right To Marry, Their Sex Or Sexuality Is Not Intrinsic To That Right, Although Social Prejudice Makes It Appear So. Moreover, It Cannot Be Denied That A Multitude Of Events And Depictions In Vastly Different Cultures, Times And Places, All Point To The Possibility Of Same-Sex Love And Commitment Being Recognized And Accepted. Marriage Is A Universal Rite Of Passage That Can, In The Right Circumstances, Become The Perfect Ceremony Of Love S Rite . Vanita Examines The Twin Phenomena Of Same-Sex Weddings And Same-Sex Joint Suicides (Mostly Female) That Have Been Reported From Many Parts Of India. She Argues That These Couples, When They Choose To Marry Or Die Together, Invoke Long-Standing But Fluid Indian Legal, Religious, And Literary-Cinematic Traditions To Declare Their Love To The World. Using Her Intimate Knowledge Of Ancient Indian Textual History, The Author Demonstrates That Same-Sex Love And Relationships Are Deeply Rooted In Indian Culture- And Compares The Cultural And Legal Implications Of Same-Sex Marriage In India With Those In The West. The International Debate On Same-Sex Marriage Is Relevant To All Democratic Societies Today. Ruth Vanita Brings A Fresh Perspective To This Debate, Suggesting That Same-Sex Marriage Dwells At The Heart, Not On The Margins, Of Culture. An Effortless Combination Of Empathy, Moral Conviction And Deep Cultural Sensitivity -Ashis Nandy
Indian Essentials
Author:
Publisher: Penguin Books India
ISBN: 0143065262
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 536
Book Description
Celebrating 60 years of the Indian Republic, we bring you Indian Essentials, a light-hearted, tongue-in-cheek ode to India. In this quirky collection, twenty writers and social commentators ponder the mysteries of the Indian psyche and try to make sense of one trait, phenomenon or cultural value that is quintessentially Indian. From the Indian male s penchant for public urination to the Indian female s obsession with gold, from the jhatkas of Bollywood to the melas of Allahabad, from our embarrassingly frank matrimonials to how seriously we take our copulation problems, nothing is spared scrutiny. And because we Indians like a little something extra over and above what we are promised, we are giving away a complimentary copy of Extra! a little book that tackles all those peculiar Indian qualities that we didn t want to leave out of the Indian Essentials. Dip into this collection and join us to find out what it means to be Made in India.
Publisher: Penguin Books India
ISBN: 0143065262
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 536
Book Description
Celebrating 60 years of the Indian Republic, we bring you Indian Essentials, a light-hearted, tongue-in-cheek ode to India. In this quirky collection, twenty writers and social commentators ponder the mysteries of the Indian psyche and try to make sense of one trait, phenomenon or cultural value that is quintessentially Indian. From the Indian male s penchant for public urination to the Indian female s obsession with gold, from the jhatkas of Bollywood to the melas of Allahabad, from our embarrassingly frank matrimonials to how seriously we take our copulation problems, nothing is spared scrutiny. And because we Indians like a little something extra over and above what we are promised, we are giving away a complimentary copy of Extra! a little book that tackles all those peculiar Indian qualities that we didn t want to leave out of the Indian Essentials. Dip into this collection and join us to find out what it means to be Made in India.
Love, Joe
Author: Joe Brainard
Publisher: Columbia University Press
ISBN: 0231555040
Category : Literary Collections
Languages : en
Pages : 600
Book Description
An artist and writer whose charming and inventive works are at once modest and ambitious, Joe Brainard was one of the most distinctive figures on New York City’s vibrant cultural scene in the 1960s and 1970s. Widely known for his influential experimental memoir, I Remember, Brainard worked in a variety of forms, from New York School–aligned poetry to Pop Art–adjacent artworks, including wild riffs on the comic strip character Nancy. His art drew on the everyday and popular culture, exuding a sense of amiability, wit, and generosity. Love, Joe presents a selection of Brainard’s letters stretching from 1959 to 1993, offering an intimate view of his personal and artistic life. They allow readers to witness an extraordinarily fertile moment in New York’s history, when literary and visual arts intersected with happenings, proto-punk and psychedelic rock concerts, and experimental music and dance performances. Brainard’s letters to his partner, Kenward Elmslie, and others also open a window onto the transformations of queer life during this period. His correspondents include poet and artist friends such as John Ashbery, Anne Waldman, Ted Berrigan, Alice Notley, Fairfield Porter, Ron Padgett, Bernadette Mayer, James Schuyler, Alex Katz, and Andy Warhol, as well as lovers, patrons, high school friends, and fans. At once an insider’s view of the art and literary worlds and a revelation of Brainard’s creative process, these letters invite readers to share in his radical but gentle candor, his open-mindedness, and a sophisticated naiveté that helped him erase the conventional barriers between art and life.
Publisher: Columbia University Press
ISBN: 0231555040
Category : Literary Collections
Languages : en
Pages : 600
Book Description
An artist and writer whose charming and inventive works are at once modest and ambitious, Joe Brainard was one of the most distinctive figures on New York City’s vibrant cultural scene in the 1960s and 1970s. Widely known for his influential experimental memoir, I Remember, Brainard worked in a variety of forms, from New York School–aligned poetry to Pop Art–adjacent artworks, including wild riffs on the comic strip character Nancy. His art drew on the everyday and popular culture, exuding a sense of amiability, wit, and generosity. Love, Joe presents a selection of Brainard’s letters stretching from 1959 to 1993, offering an intimate view of his personal and artistic life. They allow readers to witness an extraordinarily fertile moment in New York’s history, when literary and visual arts intersected with happenings, proto-punk and psychedelic rock concerts, and experimental music and dance performances. Brainard’s letters to his partner, Kenward Elmslie, and others also open a window onto the transformations of queer life during this period. His correspondents include poet and artist friends such as John Ashbery, Anne Waldman, Ted Berrigan, Alice Notley, Fairfield Porter, Ron Padgett, Bernadette Mayer, James Schuyler, Alex Katz, and Andy Warhol, as well as lovers, patrons, high school friends, and fans. At once an insider’s view of the art and literary worlds and a revelation of Brainard’s creative process, these letters invite readers to share in his radical but gentle candor, his open-mindedness, and a sophisticated naiveté that helped him erase the conventional barriers between art and life.
Love by the Book
Author: Melissa Pimentel
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 0143127284
Category : Americans
Languages : en
Pages : 338
Book Description
"Published simultaneously in Great Britain (under the title Age, sex, location) and the United States of America in Penguin Books, 2015"--Title page verso.
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 0143127284
Category : Americans
Languages : en
Pages : 338
Book Description
"Published simultaneously in Great Britain (under the title Age, sex, location) and the United States of America in Penguin Books, 2015"--Title page verso.
Lovesick Japan
Author: Mark D. West
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 0801461502
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 273
Book Description
In Lovesick Japan, Mark D. West explores an official vision of love, sex, and marriage in contemporary Japan. A comprehensive body of evidence—2,700 court opinions—describes a society characterized by a presupposed absence of physical and emotional intimacy, affection, and personal connections. In compelling, poignant, and sometimes horrifying court cases, West finds that Japanese judges frequently opine on whether a person is in love, what other emotions a person is feeling, and whether those emotions are appropriate for the situation. Sometimes judges’ views about love, sex, and marriage emerge from their presentation of the facts of cases. Among the recurring elements are abortions forced by men, compensated dating, late-life divorces, termination fees to end affairs, sexless couples, Valentine’s Day heartbreak, "soapland" bath-brothels, and home-wrecking hostesses. Sometimes the judges’ analysis, decisions, and commentary are as revealing as the facts. Sex in the cases is a choice among private "normal" sex, which is male-dominated, conservative, dispassionate, or nonexistent; commercial sex, which caters to every fetish but is said to lead to rape, murder, and general social depravity; and a hybrid of the two, which commodifies private sexual relationships. Marriage is contractual; judges express the ideal of love in marriage and proclaim its importance, but virtually no one in the court cases achieves it. Love usually appears as a tragic, overwhelming emotion associated with jealousy, suffering, heartache, and death.
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 0801461502
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 273
Book Description
In Lovesick Japan, Mark D. West explores an official vision of love, sex, and marriage in contemporary Japan. A comprehensive body of evidence—2,700 court opinions—describes a society characterized by a presupposed absence of physical and emotional intimacy, affection, and personal connections. In compelling, poignant, and sometimes horrifying court cases, West finds that Japanese judges frequently opine on whether a person is in love, what other emotions a person is feeling, and whether those emotions are appropriate for the situation. Sometimes judges’ views about love, sex, and marriage emerge from their presentation of the facts of cases. Among the recurring elements are abortions forced by men, compensated dating, late-life divorces, termination fees to end affairs, sexless couples, Valentine’s Day heartbreak, "soapland" bath-brothels, and home-wrecking hostesses. Sometimes the judges’ analysis, decisions, and commentary are as revealing as the facts. Sex in the cases is a choice among private "normal" sex, which is male-dominated, conservative, dispassionate, or nonexistent; commercial sex, which caters to every fetish but is said to lead to rape, murder, and general social depravity; and a hybrid of the two, which commodifies private sexual relationships. Marriage is contractual; judges express the ideal of love in marriage and proclaim its importance, but virtually no one in the court cases achieves it. Love usually appears as a tragic, overwhelming emotion associated with jealousy, suffering, heartache, and death.