Analysis of Factors Affecting the Severity of Head-on Crashes on Two-lane Rural Highways PDF Download
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Author: Zuxuan Deng
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 110
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Book Description
Author: Zuxuan Deng
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 110
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Traffic accidents
Languages : en
Pages : 69
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Traffic accidents
Languages : en
Pages : 154
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Book Description
This report examines the roadway, crash, vehicle, individual and environmental factors that are associated with fatal and serious injury crashes in North Carolina between 1993 and 1997. The initial analysis identifies road classifications, geographic characteristics, and time trends related to severe crashes using Highway Safety Information Systems (HSIS) segment and crash data. HSIS system highways in North Carolina included the state primary and major secondary routes. Non-HSIS roads include local streets and minor secondary streets. Both HSIS and non-HSIS data are used in the more detailed section of the study to analyze the severe crash factors on all HSIS highways, two-lane urban HSIS highways, two-lane rural HSIS highways, urban non-HSIS routes and rural non-HSIS routes. In this report, a test of the standard error of a binomial proportion is used to find the statistical significance of the roadway, crash, vehicle, individual and environmental factors related to severe crashes. The initial analysis shows that urban and rural two-lane roads are associated with the highest crash severity, mountain counties have the highest proportion of severe crashes and crash severity remained stable for some of the most severe crash types. Factors associated with significantly high crash severity on all roadway types include curve, run-off-road, utility pole, tree, head-on, pedestrian, bicycle, darkness and alcohol use. The final section of the report recommends countermeasures that can be used to reduce the incidence of fatal and serious injury crashes associated with these factors.
Author: Rune Elvik
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN: 1848552505
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 1137
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Book Description
Contains summaries of the knowledge regarding the effects of 128 road safety measures. This title covers various areas of road safety including: traffic control; vehicle inspection; driver training; publicity campaigns; police enforcement; and, general policy instruments. It also covers topics such as post-accident care, and speed cameras.
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0081026722
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 4418
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Book Description
In an increasingly globalised world, despite reductions in costs and time, transportation has become even more important as a facilitator of economic and human interaction; this is reflected in technical advances in transportation systems, increasing interest in how transportation interacts with society and the need to provide novel approaches to understanding its impacts. This has become particularly acute with the impact that Covid-19 has had on transportation across the world, at local, national and international levels. Encyclopedia of Transportation, Seven Volume Set - containing almost 600 articles - brings a cross-cutting and integrated approach to all aspects of transportation from a variety of interdisciplinary fields including engineering, operations research, economics, geography and sociology in order to understand the changes taking place. Emphasising the interaction between these different aspects of research, it offers new solutions to modern-day problems related to transportation. Each of its nine sections is based around familiar themes, but brings together the views of experts from different disciplinary perspectives. Each section is edited by a subject expert who has commissioned articles from a range of authors representing different disciplines, different parts of the world and different social perspectives. The nine sections are structured around the following themes: Transport Modes; Freight Transport and Logistics; Transport Safety and Security; Transport Economics; Traffic Management; Transport Modelling and Data Management; Transport Policy and Planning; Transport Psychology; Sustainability and Health Issues in Transportation. Some articles provide a technical introduction to a topic whilst others provide a bridge between topics or a more future-oriented view of new research areas or challenges. The end result is a reference work that offers researchers and practitioners new approaches, new ways of thinking and novel solutions to problems. All-encompassing and expertly authored, this outstanding reference work will be essential reading for all students and researchers interested in transportation and its global impact in what is a very uncertain world. Provides a forward looking and integrated approach to transportation Updated with future technological impacts, such as self-driving vehicles, cyber-physical systems and big data analytics Includes comprehensive coverage Presents a worldwide approach, including sets of comparative studies and applications
Author: Lily Elefteriadou
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461484359
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 262
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Book Description
This text provides a comprehensive and concise treatment of the topic of traffic flow theory and includes several topics relevant to today’s highway transportation system. It provides the fundamental principles of traffic flow theory as well as applications of those principles for evaluating specific types of facilities (freeways, intersections, etc.). Newer concepts of Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) and their potential impact on traffic flow are discussed. State-of-the-art in traffic flow research and microscopic traffic analysis and traffic simulation have significantly advanced and are also discussed in this text. Real world examples and useful problem sets complement each chapter. This textbook is meant for use in advanced undergraduate/graduate level courses in traffic flow theory with prerequisites including two semesters of calculus, statistics, and an introductory course in transportation. The text would also be of interest to transportation professionals as a refresher in traffic flow theory, or as a reference. Students and engineers of diverse backgrounds will find this text accessible and applicable to today’s traffic issues.
Author: Richard Porter
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Rural roads
Languages : en
Pages : 259
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Book Description
The overall objectives of this study were to (1) identify and explore alternative safety data sources and analysis perspectives and (2) demonstrate the potential utility of these alternative approaches in increasing understanding of precipitating events and predisposing factors for crashes occurring on horizontal curves and at unsignalized intersections along rural two-lane roads. Generalized conceptual crash model frameworks were developed, informed by a review of supporting published literature on conceptual crash models and contributing factors, alternative approaches to accident analysis, and the role of constraints in systemic approaches to accident analysis. The frameworks proved useful from several perspectives, including (1) identifying and organizing all factors that influence the likelihood of a crash and defining the event sequences that lead to a crash, (2) providing terminology that will encourage clear communication across accident analysis disciplines as research on crash causation continues, (3) visualizing the nature by which a certain factor influences the likelihood of a crash or by which an event directly causes a crash, and (4) identifying data needs (versus data availability) for studying the precipitating events, system constraints, predisposing factors, and target groups associated with a specific crash type. After marrying the conceptual crash model framework with available data, a study was conducted to determine whether crash causal types, or similar crashes grouped together based on their key precipitating events, could be developed from data, photographs, and narratives developed from detailed, on-scene crash investigations available in the National Motor Vehicle Crash Causation Survey. This was followed by a set of three additional studies primarily focused on alternative safety data sources and analysis perspectives related to predisposing factors. Enhanced data collection and subsequent analysis were demonstrated for three high-priority crash scenarios on rural two-lane roads: “straight crossing path crashes” at unsignalized intersections, combination “control loss/no vehicle action” and “road edge departure/no maneuver” single-vehicle crashes on horizontal curves, and “opposite direction/no maneuver crashes” on horizontal curves. Findings demonstrate that expanding beyond traditional databases used for crash-based evaluations can provide further insight into these crashes. One follow-on analysis in the final part of the study indicated that the alternative approaches to estimating disaggregate measures of exposure, kriging, and quasi-induced demand techniques show some promise and should be considered in future research.
Author: Xianming Shi
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119185068
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 476
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Book Description
The first and only comprehensive guide to best practices in winter road operations Winter maintenance operations are essential to ensure the safety, mobility, and productivity of transportation systems, especially in cold-weather climates, and responsible agencies are continually challenged to provide a high level of service in a fiscally and environmentally responsible manner. Sustainable Winter Road Operations bridges the knowledge gaps, providing the first up-to-date, authoritative, single-source overview and guide to best practices in winter road operations that considers the triple bottom line of sustainability. With contributions from experts in the field from around the world, this book takes a holistic approach to the subject. The authors address the many negative impacts on regional economies and the environment of poorly planned and inadequate winter road operations, and they make a strong case for the myriad benefits of environmentally sustainable concepts and practices. Best practice applications of materials, processes, equipment, and associated technologies and how they can improve the effectiveness and efficiency of winter operations, optimize materials usage, and minimize cost, corrosion, and environmental impacts are all covered in depth. Provides the first up-to-date, authoritative and comprehensive overview of best practices in sustainable winter road operations currently in use around the world Covers materials, processes, equipment, and associated technologies for sustainable winter road operations Brings together contributions by an international all-star team of experts with extensive experience in designing, implementing, and managing sustainable winter road operations Designed to bring professionals involved in transportation and highway maintenance and control up to speed with current best practice Sustainable Winter Road Operations is essential reading for maintenance professionals dealing with snow and ice control operations on highways, motorways and local roads. It is a valuable source of information and guidance for decision makers, researchers, and engineers in transportation engineering involved in transportation and highway maintenance. And it is an ideal textbook for advanced-level courses in transportation engineering.
Author: J.-S. Wang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Traffic accidents
Languages : en
Pages : 68
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Book Description
Author: Sebastiano Bagnara
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319960741
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 618
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Book Description
This book presents the proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018), held on August 26-30, 2018, in Florence, Italy. By highlighting the latest theories and models, as well as cutting-edge technologies and applications, and by combining findings from a range of disciplines including engineering, design, robotics, healthcare, management, computer science, human biology and behavioral science, it provides researchers and practitioners alike with a comprehensive, timely guide on human factors and ergonomics. It also offers an excellent source of innovative ideas to stimulate future discussions and developments aimed at applying knowledge and techniques to optimize system performance, while at the same time promoting the health, safety and wellbeing of individuals. The proceedings include papers from researchers and practitioners, scientists and physicians, institutional leaders, managers and policy makers that contribute to constructing the Human Factors and Ergonomics approach across a variety of methodologies, domains and productive sectors. This volume includes papers addressing the following topics: Transport Ergonomics and Human Factors (TEHF), and Aerospace Human Factors and Ergonomics.
