Análisis técnico y económico de un proyecto de planta de incineración de residuos sólidos industriales PDF Download
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Author: Ignacio José Herrera Valderrama
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Category :
Languages : es
Pages :
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Author: Ignacio José Herrera Valderrama
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Category :
Languages : es
Pages :
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Author: Sergi Contelles Rodriguez
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : es
Pages :
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La planta de valorización energética de residuos TERSA se presenta como una infraestructura clave en el tratamiento de residuos de la ciudad de Barcelona y de municipios cercanos como Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Sant Adrià del Besós i Badalona, tratando al año más de 350.000 tn de residuos urbanos y produciendo más de 180.000 MWh de electricidad y 110.000 tn de vapor. En sus instalaciones se realiza un proceso de combustión controlada de la fracción rechazo procedente de las plantas de tratamiento mecánico-biológico; y, por lo tanto, se considera una fracción ya no reciclable. De este modo, se reduce de forma considerable el volumen de residuos y se aprovecha su poder calorífico para generar electricidad. Los materiales resultantes de este proceso son las escorias y las cenizas. Las escorias son materiales valorizables que se aprovechan, por ejemplo, para la producción de hormigón ecológico, y las cenizas se someten a una disposición controlada. No obstante, y a pesar de tener múltiples beneficios para la sociedad existen diferentes estudios y sucesos que han generado cierta polémica alrededor de la instalación de incineración. La combinación de posibles emisiones perjudiciales para la salud y la alta densidad de población, junto al hecho de que TERSA es una de las infraestructuras clave en el tratamiento de residuos para el Área Metropolitana de Barcelona (AMB) generan un problema de difícil abordaje con los mecanismos y análisis clásicos. El principal objetivo del presente trabajo es evaluar la viabilidad técnica-económica de la infraestructura de TERSA frente a otra infraestructura de tratamiento de residuos, SEMESA (preparación para el reciclaje). El análisis en su última instancia busca comprobar si la jerarquía de residuos establecida por la Directiva 2008/98/CE del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 19 de noviembre de 2008, sobre los residuos se cumple en el alcance analizado del estudio: venta de electricidad a la red eléctrica (TERSA) y venta de materiales separados a empresas de reciclaje (SEMESA). Estas propuestas parten de la base de un análisis previo como lo son aspectos regulatorios, sociales, ambientales, tecnológicos y de explotación. La valoración económica se realizó por el método de Análisis Coste-Beneficio (ACB) y la técnica de Valor Actual Neto (VAN), que permitió determinar el beneficio total generado por las instalaciones analizadas (SEMESA y TERSA). Siendo necesario realizar previamente la identificación de los costes e ingresos privados relacionados con la inversión, explotación y mantenimiento, así como aquellas externalidades positivas y negativas. Esta tesis de máster contiene 9 capítulos que desarrollan un estado del arte, un análisis del marco legal de aplicación en el estudio, un análisis de los entornos sociales e industriales presentes en SEMESA y TERSA junto a una descripción detallada de sus procesos e instalaciones. Finalmente, se define la valoración económica para SEMESA y TERSA, evaluando los costes e ingresos internos y externos asociados a sus instalaciones. Finalmente, se plantean las diferentes conclusiones de la investigación. El estudio permitió establecer como principal resultado que la jerarquía de residuos propuesta por la Directiva 2008/98/CE de residuos se cumple, siendo el caso de la infraestructura de reciclaje de SEMESA (53,59€/tn tratada) más rentable que la de incineración TERSA (-85,23€/tn tratada). El resultado de este estudio muestra la necesidad de planificar las infraestructuras de tratamiento de residuos teniendo en cuenta los impactos que van a generar en el medio ambiente y en las personas debido a su actividad.
Author: Miquel Solé Grá
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : es
Pages : 0
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Author: Patrick Schröder
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 0429783698
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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The circular economy is a policy approach and business strategy that aims to improve resource productivity, promote sustainable consumption and production and reduce environmental impacts. This book examines the relevance of the circular economy in the context of developing countries, something which to date is little understood. This volume highlights examples of circular economy practices in developing country contexts in relation to small and medium enterprises (SMEs), informal sector recycling and national policy approaches. It examines a broad range of case studies, including Argentina, Brazil, China, Colombia, India, Indonesia, Kenya, South Africa, and Thailand, and illustrates how the circular economy can be used as a new lens and possible solution to cross-cutting development issues of pollution and waste, employment, health, urbanisation and green industrialisation. In addition to more technical and policy oriented contributions, the book also critically discusses existing narratives and pathways of the circular economy in the global North and South, and how these differ or possibly even conflict with each other. Finally, the book critically examines under what conditions the circular economy will be able to reduce global inequalities and promote human development in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals. Presenting a unique social sciences perspective on the circular economy discourse, this book is relevant to students and scholars studying sustainability in economics, business studies, environmental politics and development studies.
Author: Metcalf & Eddy, Inc., an AECOM Company
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN: 0071508775
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1610
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An Integrated Approach to Managing the World's Water Resources Water Reuse: Issues, Technologies, and Applications equips water/wastewater students, engineers, scientists, and professionals with a definitive account of the latest water reclamation, recycling, and reuse theory and practice. This landmark textbook presents an integrated approach to all aspects of water reuse _ from public health protection to water quality criteria and regulations to advanced technology to implementation issues. Filled with over 500 detailed illustrations and photographs, Water Reuse: Issues, Technology, and Applications features: In-depth coverage of cutting-edge water reclamation and reuse applications Current issues and developments in public health and environmental protection criteria, regulations, and risk management Review of current advanced treatment technologies, new developments, and practices Special emphasis on process reliability and multiple barrier concepts approach Consideration of satellite and decentralized water reuse facilities Consideration of planning and public participation of water reuse Inside This Landmark Water/Wastewater Management Tool • Water Reuse: An Introduction • Health and Environmental Concerns in Water Reuse • Technologies and Systems for Water Reclamation and Reuse • Water Reuse Applications • Implementing Water Reuse
Author:
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Category : Natural gas
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Author: International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 174
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The Government and authorities in Brazil were faced with a tragic accident in Goiânia resulting from the misuse of a strongly radioactive medical teletherapy source not under radiation protection surveillance. The present report is divided into four parts: a chronology of destruction of the source, discovery of the accident and initial response; a description of the human consequences and the dosimetry and treatment of seriously exposed and contaminated persons; an account of the assessment of the environmental contamination and the remedial actions taken; and observations and recommendations. Appendices and annexes give an assessment of the effectiveness of international co-operation in the emergency response, and provide further information on: public communications; radiological survey equipment; guidelines for the discharge of patients; radiological protection; chemical decontamination; and the lessons learned.
Author: Denis Bouyssou
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387310991
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 460
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Formal decision and evaluation models are so widespread that almost no one can pretend not to have used or suffered the consequences of one of them. This book is a guide aimed at helping the analyst to choose a model and use it consistently. A sound analysis of techniques is proposed and the presentation can be extended to most decision and evaluation models as a "decision aiding methodology".
Author: World Bank
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821379143
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 130
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'The Sunken Billions: The Economic Justification for Fisheries Reform' shows the difference between the potential and actual net economic benefits from marine fisheries is about $50 billion per year, or some $2 trillion over the last three decades. If fish stocks were rebuilt, the current marine catch could be achieved with approximately half the current global fishing effort. This illustrates the massive overcapacity of the global fleet. The excess competition for the limited fish resources results in declining productivity, economic inefficiency, and depressed fisher incomes. The focus on the deteriorating biological health of world fisheries has tended to obscure their equally critical economic health. Achieving sustainable fisheries presents challenges not only of biology and ecology, but also of managing political and economic processes and replacing pernicious incentives with those that foster improved governance and responsible stewardship. Improved governance of marine fisheries could regain a substantial part of this annual economic loss and contribute to economic growth. Fisheries governance reform is a long-term process requiring political will and consensus vision, built through broad stakeholder dialogue. Reforms will require investment in good governance, including strengthening marine tenure systems and reducing illegal fishing and harmful subsidies. Realizing the potential economic benefits of fisheries means reducing fishing effort and capacity. To offset the associated social adjustment costs, successful reforms should provide for social safety nets and alternative economic opportunities for affected communities.
Author: Mogens Henze
Publisher: IWA Publishing (International Water Assoc)
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 170
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For information on the online course in Biological Wastewater Treatment from UNESCO-IHE, visit: http://www.iwapublishing.co.uk/books/biological-wastewater-treatment-online-course-principles-modeling-and-design Over the past twenty years, the knowledge and understanding of wastewater treatment have advanced extensively and moved away from empirically-based approaches to a first principles approach embracing chemistry, microbiology, physical and bioprocess engineering, and mathematics. Many of these advances have matured to the degree that they have been codified into mathematical models for simulation with computers. For a new generation of young scientists and engineers entering the wastewater treatment profession, the quantity, complexity and diversity of these new developments can be overwhelming, particularly in developing countries where access is not readily available to advanced level tertiary education courses in wastewater treatment. Biological Wastewater Treatment addresses this deficiency. It assembles and integrates the postgraduate course material of a dozen or so professors from research groups around the world that have made significant contributions to the advances in wastewater treatment. The book forms part of an internet-based curriculum in biological wastewater treatment which also includes: Summarized lecture handouts of the topics covered in book Filmed lectures by the author professors Tutorial exercises for students self-learning Upon completion of this curriculum the modern approach of modelling and simulation to wastewater treatment plant design and operation, be it activated sludge, biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal, secondary settling tanks or biofilm systems, can be embraced with deeper insight, advanced knowledge and greater confidence.
