An Integrated Systems Biology Approach to Illustrate that Blood-sourced MiRNAs are Not Diagnostic of Breast Cancer PDF Download
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Author: Irene Pylypenko
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
"Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women worldwide, and current detection technologies have limitations. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small 18-22 nucleotide single-stranded RNAs and there is some evidence suggesting that miRNAs in blood samples may be used as diagnostic biomarkers for BC. The Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) is a large prospective study that has collected blood and tumor biopsy samples from BC patients and healthy tissue from age-matched controls. Using the Illumina microarray system, miRNA and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profiles were generated for 96 breast cancer cases with matched controls. We identified thirty-eight miRNAs that discriminate between breast cancer and matched healthy controls, some of which (miR-210, miR-335, miR-145, miR-15a/b) have been previously identified as potential diagnostic markers in blood samples of breast cancer patients. Then, we applied three different miRNA target prediction tools to look for potential gene targets based on a simple negative association miRNA-target model. In our clustering analysis, the predicted gene sets identified in the matched mRNA expression profile did not follow the classical negative association miRNA-target model. Thus, inconsistent with the hypothesized model, as also supported by previous studies. Functional analysis of identified miRNAs and their predicted target genes identified some gene pathways involved in breast cancer, such as B cell receptor signaling pathway, BRCA1 expression network, and p53 a common oncogenic signal pathway. Although miRNAs show promising results as diagnostic markers in blood samples of breast cancer patients, there is much work to be done in understanding the relationship between miRNAs and their target genes in order to identify viable miRNA biomarkers for breast cancer"--
Author: Irene Pylypenko
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
"Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women worldwide, and current detection technologies have limitations. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small 18-22 nucleotide single-stranded RNAs and there is some evidence suggesting that miRNAs in blood samples may be used as diagnostic biomarkers for BC. The Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) is a large prospective study that has collected blood and tumor biopsy samples from BC patients and healthy tissue from age-matched controls. Using the Illumina microarray system, miRNA and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profiles were generated for 96 breast cancer cases with matched controls. We identified thirty-eight miRNAs that discriminate between breast cancer and matched healthy controls, some of which (miR-210, miR-335, miR-145, miR-15a/b) have been previously identified as potential diagnostic markers in blood samples of breast cancer patients. Then, we applied three different miRNA target prediction tools to look for potential gene targets based on a simple negative association miRNA-target model. In our clustering analysis, the predicted gene sets identified in the matched mRNA expression profile did not follow the classical negative association miRNA-target model. Thus, inconsistent with the hypothesized model, as also supported by previous studies. Functional analysis of identified miRNAs and their predicted target genes identified some gene pathways involved in breast cancer, such as B cell receptor signaling pathway, BRCA1 expression network, and p53 a common oncogenic signal pathway. Although miRNAs show promising results as diagnostic markers in blood samples of breast cancer patients, there is much work to be done in understanding the relationship between miRNAs and their target genes in order to identify viable miRNA biomarkers for breast cancer"--
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309219396
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 570
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Book Description
Many potential applications of synthetic and systems biology are relevant to the challenges associated with the detection, surveillance, and responses to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. On March 14 and 15, 2011, the Institute of Medicine's (IOM's) Forum on Microbial Threats convened a public workshop in Washington, DC, to explore the current state of the science of synthetic biology, including its dependency on systems biology; discussed the different approaches that scientists are taking to engineer, or reengineer, biological systems; and discussed how the tools and approaches of synthetic and systems biology were being applied to mitigate the risks associated with emerging infectious diseases. The Science and Applications of Synthetic and Systems Biology is organized into sections as a topic-by-topic distillation of the presentations and discussions that took place at the workshop. Its purpose is to present information from relevant experience, to delineate a range of pivotal issues and their respective challenges, and to offer differing perspectives on the topic as discussed and described by the workshop participants. This report also includes a collection of individually authored papers and commentary.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309224187
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 354
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Book Description
Technologies collectively called omics enable simultaneous measurement of an enormous number of biomolecules; for example, genomics investigates thousands of DNA sequences, and proteomics examines large numbers of proteins. Scientists are using these technologies to develop innovative tests to detect disease and to predict a patient's likelihood of responding to specific drugs. Following a recent case involving premature use of omics-based tests in cancer clinical trials at Duke University, the NCI requested that the IOM establish a committee to recommend ways to strengthen omics-based test development and evaluation. This report identifies best practices to enhance development, evaluation, and translation of omics-based tests while simultaneously reinforcing steps to ensure that these tests are appropriately assessed for scientific validity before they are used to guide patient treatment in clinical trials.
Author: S. Brünner
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364282031X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 253
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Book Description
The enormous expansion seen over the last decade in the mammo graphic detection of breast cancer lesions, especially the use of screen ing procedures for the early detection of clinically unsuspected tumors, has made it necessary to summarize the experience made by various centers in the world. The 2nd International Copenhagen Symposium on Detection of Breast Cancer afforded an opportunity of gathering scientists from all over the world to discuss the various problems of early breast cancer detection with special reference to screening procedures. This book forms a synthesis of the information presented by leading scientists from many of the world's mammo graphic centers, particularly those in Sweden and the USA. Hence, the reader will have the opportunity to study the outstanding work carried out by various institutes and centers of breast cancer screening. It is our sincere hope that a study of this volume will encourage other scientists to join in the work on screening procedures. S. Brunner B. Langfeldt P. E. Andersen Contents S. A. Feig: 1 Hypothetical Breast Cancer Risk from Mammography S. A. Feig: Benefits and Risks of Mammography 11 R. L. Egan and M. B. McSweeney: Multicentric Breast Carcinoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 M. B. McSweeney and R. L. Egan: Breast Cancer in the Younger Patient: A Preliminary Report 36 M. B. McSweeney and R. L. Egan: Bilateral Breast Carcinoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' 41 N. Bjurstam: The Radiographic Appearance of Normal and Metastatic Axillary Lymph Nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 M. Moskowitz, S. A. Feig, C. Cole-Beuglet, S. H.
Author: Cesar Lopez-Camarillo
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1466576774
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
MicroRNA (miRNA) biology is a cutting-edge topic in basic as well as biomedical research. This is a specialized book focusing on the current understanding of the role of miRNAs in the development, progression, invasion, and metastasis of diverse types of cancer. It also reviews their potential for applications in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and th
Author: Krishnarao Appasani
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521118552
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 580
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Book Description
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are RNA molecules, conserved by evolution, that regulate gene expressions and their recent discovery is revolutionising both basic biomedical research and drug discovery. Expression levels of MiRNAs have been found to vary between tissues and with developmental stages and hence evaluation of the global expression of miRNAs potentially provides opportunities to identify regulatory points for many different biological processes. This wide-ranging reference work, written by leading experts from both academia and industry, will be an invaluable resource for all those wishing to use miRNA techniques in their own research, from graduate students, post-docs and researchers in academia to those working in R&D in biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies who need to understand this emerging technology. From the discovery of miRNAs and their functions to their detection and role in disease biology, this volume uniquely integrates the basic science with industry application towards drug validation, diagnostic and therapeutic development. Forewords by: Sidney Altman, Yale University, Winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1989 and Victor R. Ambros, Dartmouth Medical School, Co-discoverer of MicroRNAs
Author: Srinivas Aluru
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420036270
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 1108
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Book Description
The enormous complexity of biological systems at the molecular level must be answered with powerful computational methods. Computational biology is a young field, but has seen rapid growth and advancement over the past few decades. Surveying the progress made in this multidisciplinary field, the Handbook of Computational Molecular Biology of
Author: Takahiro Ochiya
Publisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 9781627034524
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate various biological phenomena, such as development and homeostasis. The dysregulation of miRNA leads to disease progression, particularly of cancer. In Circulating MicroRNAs: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers in the field detail recent advances in the isolation, purification and analysis of circulating miRNAs from a variety of sources for research. The book is divided into three main topics. The first section involves the study of secretory miRNAs in cell-cell communication, and the second, the study of circulating miRNAs in body fluids. The last describes the novel techniques used to study circulating miRNAs. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Circulating MicroRNAs: Methods and Protocols seeks to aid scientists in dealing with the recent advances of RNAi technology from the bench to the bedside.
Author: Chad Brenner
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039217887
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 418
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Book Description
This collection of 25 research papers comprised of 22 original articles and 3 reviews is brought together from international leaders in bioinformatics and biostatistics. The collection highlights recent computational advances that improve the ability to analyze highly complex data sets to identify factors critical to cancer biology. Novel deep learning algorithms represent an emerging and highly valuable approach for collecting, characterizing and predicting clinical outcomes data. The collection highlights several of these approaches that are likely to become the foundation of research and clinical practice in the future. In fact, many of these technologies reveal new insights about basic cancer mechanisms by integrating data sets and structures that were previously immiscible. Accordingly, the series presented here bring forward a wide range of artificial intelligence approaches and statistical methods that can be applied to imaging and genomics data sets to identify previously unrecognized features that are critical for cancer. Our hope is that these articles will serve as a foundation for future research as the field of cancer biology transitions to integrating electronic health record, imaging, genomics and other complex datasets in order to develop new strategies that improve the overall health of individual patients.
Author: Yuriy Gusev
Publisher: Pan Stanford Publishing
ISBN: 9814267015
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 269
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Book Description
This book presents current advances in the emerging interdisciplinary field of microRNA research of human cancers from a unique perspective of quantitative sciences: bioinformatics, computational and systems biology, and mathematical modeling. This volume contains adaptations and critical reviews of recent state-of-the-art studies, ranging from technological advances in microRNA detection and profiling, clinically oriented microRNA profiling in several human cancers, to a systems biology analysis of global patterns of microRNA regulation of signaling and metabolic pathways. Interactions with transcription factor regulatory networks and mathematical modeling of microRNA regulation are also discussed.
