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Author: Hillary Suzanne Burt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
Data were gathered from 16 cemeteries in Tuscaloosa County, Alabama to see if historic population movements, like the Great Migration of African Americans from the rural areas of the South in the twentieth century, could be detected in cemeteries. To answer this question data were collected from White and Black cemeteries to understand the organization of family groups in cemeteries through the use of family plots and familial references. It was expected that Black cemeteries in rural areas would contain the fewest family plots and references, because this group was influenced by out-migration to the greatest extent. However, Black and White cemeteries in urban areas and White cemeteries in rural areas were expected to have the most family plots as these groups were less affected by out-migration. Numerous maps photographs, and data tables were compiled for each cemetery. White urban cemeteries had the most plots, Black urban cemeteries had the next highest, then White rural cemeteries, and Black rural cemeteries had the fewest plots. The plot counts from the cemeteries were then statistically analyzed based on the date of the plots and the location of the cemeteries. Interesting family burial patterns were also noted in some of the Black cemeteries that contained partially raised vault burials aligned in a stair-step pattern. Out-migration from the area appears to have prompted a decrease in family plots and the development of a new form of burial less reliant on stable immediate families in black cemeteries.
Author: Hillary Suzanne Burt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
Data were gathered from 16 cemeteries in Tuscaloosa County, Alabama to see if historic population movements, like the Great Migration of African Americans from the rural areas of the South in the twentieth century, could be detected in cemeteries. To answer this question data were collected from White and Black cemeteries to understand the organization of family groups in cemeteries through the use of family plots and familial references. It was expected that Black cemeteries in rural areas would contain the fewest family plots and references, because this group was influenced by out-migration to the greatest extent. However, Black and White cemeteries in urban areas and White cemeteries in rural areas were expected to have the most family plots as these groups were less affected by out-migration. Numerous maps photographs, and data tables were compiled for each cemetery. White urban cemeteries had the most plots, Black urban cemeteries had the next highest, then White rural cemeteries, and Black rural cemeteries had the fewest plots. The plot counts from the cemeteries were then statistically analyzed based on the date of the plots and the location of the cemeteries. Interesting family burial patterns were also noted in some of the Black cemeteries that contained partially raised vault burials aligned in a stair-step pattern. Out-migration from the area appears to have prompted a decrease in family plots and the development of a new form of burial less reliant on stable immediate families in black cemeteries.
Author: Brandon Samuel Thompson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Book Description
The focus of this thesis involves the examination of two hypotheses stemming from field and osteological work at Foster Cemetery (1LA151) located in Lawrence County in northwest Alabama. The majority of this thesis assesses and compares models of health of the skeletal populations, using osteological analysis methods, from Foster Cemetery, Elko Switch (1MA305) located in southern Madison County in north Alabama, Ridley Graveyard (40WM208) located in Williamson County in central Tennessee, and Cedar Grove Cemetery (3LA97) located in Lafayette County in southwestern Arkansas. It is hypothesized that the skeletal population from Foster Cemetery will exhibit a similar level of health, in terms of demography, diet, growth and development, infection, degenerative joint disease, and trauma, as the skeletal populations from Elko Switch, Ridley Graveyard, and Cedar Grove Cemetery. The second purpose of this project compares the sex/age identifications garnered from osteological analysis with those of the initial field artifact analysis performed by Southeastern Anthropological Institute (SAI). By using a transit to plot and map burial coordinates, SAI created geographical information system (GIS) maps that defined burial shapes, sizes, and their locations within the cemetery. For the first map, burials were assigned a sex/age identification based on initial artifact observations in the field. For instance, a large burial with a shaving razor is identified as an adult male. The age/sex identifications for the second map are based on osteological analysis. These maps make possible distinctions easily recognizable and add a visual representation of the field and lab observations. By doing so any differences between the two maps are clearly shown and distinguished. It is hypothesized that there will be differences between the sex/age identifications based on the osteological analysis and those based on the initial field artifact analysis.
Author: Jerome Carl Rose
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
Excavations carried out in 1982 (by the Arkansas Archeological survey under contract with the New Orleans District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers) at the Cedar Grove site (3LA97) in Lafayette County, Arkansas, recovered and relocated 79 graves from a historic Black cemetery threatened by revetment construction along the south bank of the Red River. Each grave was excavated and the artifact and skeletal data were recorded in temporary field laboratories before the relocation of all remains to a new cemetery. Analysis of the artifact material dated all graves to the period 1890 to 1927 when the cemetery was covered by silt from a major flood of the Red River. Preliminary analysis of the casket hardware and personal grave goods suggests differential mortuary treatment by age and possibly by economic resources. Analysis of the skeletal demographics showed that the reconstructed age and sex profile represents a highly stressed by normal biological population. Preliminary analysis of the skeletal data indicates high frequencies of anemia, rickets, scurvy, and protein malnutrition. The presence of weanling diarrhea is indicated by high frequencies of systemic periostitis, active cribra orbitalia, and a modal childhood age at death of 18 months. High frequencies of degenerative joint disease is indicated on the adult skeletons suggest a hard rigorous life style, which indicates that the amount of physical labor required of Blacks had not changed since slavery. Comparison of these data to the historical record reveals that diet, health, and general quality of life for southwest Arkansas Blacks had deteriorated significantly since emancipation due to the fall in cotton prices and legalized discrimination--pg. v.
Author: Clarence R. Geier
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781541023482
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 232
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Book Description
The book includes six chapters that cover Virginia history from initial settlement through the 20th century plus one that deals with the important role of underwater archaeology. Written by prominent archaeologists with research experience in their respective topic areas, the chapters consider important issues of Virginia history and consider how the discipline of historic archaeology has addressed them and needs to address them . Changes in research strategy over time are discussed , and recommendations are made concerning the need to recognize the diverse and often differing roles and impacts that characterized the different regions of Virginia over the course of its historic past. Significant issues in Virginia history needing greater study are identified.
Author: M. Anne Katzenberg
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119151619
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 688
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Book Description
An Indispensable Resource on Advanced Methods of Analysis of Human Skeletal and Dental Remains in Archaeological and Forensic Contexts Now in its third edition, Biological Anthropology of the Human Skeleton has become a key reference for bioarchaeologists, human osteologists, and paleopathologists throughout the world. It builds upon basic skills to provide the foundation for advanced scientific analyses of human skeletal remains in cultural, archaeological, and theoretical contexts. This new edition features updated coverage of topics including histomorphometry, dental morphology, stable isotope methods, and ancient DNA, as well as a number of new chapters on paleopathology. It also covers bioarchaeological ethics, taphonomy and the nature of archaeological assemblages, biomechanical analyses of archaeological human skeletons, and more. Fully updated and revised with new material written by leading researchers in the field Includes many case studies to demonstrate application of methods of analysis Offers valuable information on contexts, methods, applications, promises, and pitfalls Covering the latest advanced methods and techniques for analyzing skeletal and dental remains from archaeological discoveries, Biological Anthropology of the Human Skeleton is a trusted text for advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and professionals in human osteology, bioarchaeology, and paleopathology.
Author: Harold Mytum
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441990380
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
This practical volume focuses on the study of historic burial ground monuments but also covers some below ground archaeology, as some projects will involve the study of both. It will be an incomparable source for academic archaeologists, cultural resource and heritage management archaeologists, government heritage agencies, and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students of archaeology focused on the historic or post-medieval period, as well as forensic researchers and anthropologists.
Author: Robin Skeates
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191612502
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 752
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Book Description
The Oxford Handbook of Public Archaeology seeks to reappraise the place of archaeology in the contemporary world by providing a series of essays that critically engage with both old and current debates in the field of public archaeology. Divided into four distinct sections and drawing across disciplines in this dynamic field, the volume aims to evaluate the range of research strategies and methods used in archaeological heritage and museum studies, identify and contribute to key contemporary debates, critically explore the history of archaeological resource management, and question the fundamental principles and practices through which the archaeological past is understood and used today.
Author: Megan B. Brickley
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080557910
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Book Description
The Bioarchaeology of Metabolic Bone Disease provides a comprehensive and invaluable source of information on this important group of diseases. It is an essential guide for those engaged in either basic recording or in-depth research on human remains from archaeological sites. The range of potential tools for investigating metabolic diseases of bone are far greater than for many other conditions, and building on clinical investigations, this book will consider gross, surface features visible using microscopic examination, histological and radiological features of bone, that can be used to help investigate metabolic bone diseases. Clear photographs and line drawings illustrate gross, histological and radiological features associated with each of the conditions Covers a range of issues pertinent to the study of metabolic bone disease in archaeological skeletal material, including the problems that frequent co-existence of these conditions in individuals living in the past raises, the preservation of human bone and the impact this has on the ability to suggest a diagnosis of a condition Includes a range of conditions that can lead to osteopenia and osteoporosis, including previous investigations of these conditions in archaeological bone
Author: Colleen M. Cheverko
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 0429557418
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 210
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Book Description
Theoretical Approaches in Bioarchaeology emphasizes how several different theoretical perspectives can be used to reconstruct the biocultural experiences of humans in the past. Over the past few decades, bioarchaeology has been transformed through methodological revisions, technological advances, and the inclusion of external theoretical frameworks from the social and natural sciences. These interdisciplinary perspectives became the backbone of bioarchaeology and strengthened the discipline’s ability to address questions about past biological and social dynamics. Consequently, how, why, and when to apply external theory to studies of past populations are central and timely questions tied to future developments of the discipline. This book facilitates ongoing dialogues about theoretical applications within the field and interdisciplinary connections between bioarchaeology, biological anthropology, and other disciplines. Each chapter highlights how a theoretical framework originating from a social or natural science connects to past and future bioarchaeological research. For scholars and archaeologists interested in the theoretical applications of bioarchaeology, this book will be an excellent resource.
Author: Debra L. Martin
Publisher: University Press of Florida
ISBN: 0813043638
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Book Description
Human violence is an inescapable aspect of our society and culture. As the archaeological record clearly shows, this has always been true. What is its origin? What role does it play in shaping our behavior? How do ritual acts and cultural sanctions make violence acceptable? These and other questions are addressed by the contributors to The Bioarchaeology of Violence. Organized thematically, the volume opens by laying the groundwork for new theoretical approaches that move beyond interpretation; it then examines case studies from small-scale conflict to warfare to ritualized violence. Experts on a wide range of ancient societies highlight the meaning and motivation of past uses of violence, revealing how violence often plays an important role in maintaining and suppressing the challenges to the status quo, and how it is frequently a performance meant to be witnessed by others. The interesting and nuanced insights offered in this volume explore both the costs and the benefits of violence throughout human prehistory.
