ADVERSE BIRTH OUTCOMES AND SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN HANOI, VIETNAM. PDF Download
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Languages : en
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Introduction:Preterm birth complications are the leading causes of neonatal and under-5 mortality. Curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs), such as Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) increase the risks of preterm birth and other adverse birth outcomes such as miscarriage, stillbirth and low birth weight by 1.15 to 2.5 times. The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of preterm birth and other adverse birth outcomes among pregnant women in Hanoi, Vietnam and their association with CT/NG infection. Methods:We enrolled 800 pregnant women coming to Ha Dong General Hospital, Hanoi for antenatal care. Eligibility includes age 18 years or older, gestational age less than 35 weeks and willing to come back for counseling and treatment if tested positive. Participants were tested for CT/NG/TV with Xpert CT/NG and Xpert TV assays (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA). Infected participants received appropriate treatment until test of cure was negative. We also followed participants and assessed adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight, miscarriage and stillbirth through telephone calls.Results:The prevalence of CT, NG and TV was 6.0%, 0.13% and 0.8%, respectively. 96% of infected women received treatment. Among those who did not have an abortion, 11.3% (95%CI: 9.2-13.7) had at least an adverse birth outcome. 9.9% had a preterm birth and 1.2% either had a miscarriage or a stillbirth. Among 785 live births, 3.6% had low birthweight baby (95%CI 2.4-5.1). Having an adverse birth outcome (preterm birth, miscarriage, stillbirth or low birthweight) was not associated with CT/NG/TV infection (RR=1.1, 95%CI 0.5-2.7).Conclusion:The prevalence of adverse birth outcomes among pregnant women in Hanoi was high. Infected women treated for CT/NG had the same frequency of adverse birth outcomes as women without infection. More rigorous studies that evaluate the effects of universal STI testing and treatment on adverse pregnancy outcomes should be done. Summary: We conducted this study among 800 pregnant women in Hanoi, Vietnam to estimate the prevalence of preterm birth and other adverse birth outcomes and their association with CT/NG/TV infection. 11.3% of participants had an adverse birth outcome but there was no association between adverse outcomes and curable STI.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Introduction:Preterm birth complications are the leading causes of neonatal and under-5 mortality. Curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs), such as Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) increase the risks of preterm birth and other adverse birth outcomes such as miscarriage, stillbirth and low birth weight by 1.15 to 2.5 times. The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of preterm birth and other adverse birth outcomes among pregnant women in Hanoi, Vietnam and their association with CT/NG infection. Methods:We enrolled 800 pregnant women coming to Ha Dong General Hospital, Hanoi for antenatal care. Eligibility includes age 18 years or older, gestational age less than 35 weeks and willing to come back for counseling and treatment if tested positive. Participants were tested for CT/NG/TV with Xpert CT/NG and Xpert TV assays (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA). Infected participants received appropriate treatment until test of cure was negative. We also followed participants and assessed adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight, miscarriage and stillbirth through telephone calls.Results:The prevalence of CT, NG and TV was 6.0%, 0.13% and 0.8%, respectively. 96% of infected women received treatment. Among those who did not have an abortion, 11.3% (95%CI: 9.2-13.7) had at least an adverse birth outcome. 9.9% had a preterm birth and 1.2% either had a miscarriage or a stillbirth. Among 785 live births, 3.6% had low birthweight baby (95%CI 2.4-5.1). Having an adverse birth outcome (preterm birth, miscarriage, stillbirth or low birthweight) was not associated with CT/NG/TV infection (RR=1.1, 95%CI 0.5-2.7).Conclusion:The prevalence of adverse birth outcomes among pregnant women in Hanoi was high. Infected women treated for CT/NG had the same frequency of adverse birth outcomes as women without infection. More rigorous studies that evaluate the effects of universal STI testing and treatment on adverse pregnancy outcomes should be done. Summary: We conducted this study among 800 pregnant women in Hanoi, Vietnam to estimate the prevalence of preterm birth and other adverse birth outcomes and their association with CT/NG/TV infection. 11.3% of participants had an adverse birth outcome but there was no association between adverse outcomes and curable STI.
Author: Majid Ezzati
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9241580313
Category : CD-ROMs
Languages : en
Pages : 2282
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Book Description
Provides a comprehensive assessment of the scientific evidence on prevalence and the resulting health effects of a range of exposures that are know to be hazardous to human health, including childhood and maternal undernutrition, nutritional and physiological risk factors for adult health, addictive substances, sexual and reproductive health risks, and risks in the physical environments of households and communities, as well as among workers. This book is the culmination of over four years of scientific equiry and data collection, know as the comparative risk assessment (CRA) project.
Author: National Center for Prevention Services (U.S.). Division of STD/HIV Prevention
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : HIV infections
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9241545879
Category : Childbirth
Languages : en
Pages : 393
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Book Description
The emphasis of the manual is on rapid assessment and decision making. The clinical action steps are based on clinical assessment with limited reliance on laboratory or other tests and most are possible in a variety of clinical settings.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9241590343
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 107
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Book Description
At a UN General Assembly Special Session in 1999, governments recognised unsafe abortion as a major public health concern, and pledged their commitment to reduce the need for abortion through expanded and improved family planning services, as well as ensure abortion services should be safe and accessible. This technical and policy guidance provides a comprehensive overview of the many actions that can be taken in health systems to ensure that women have access to good quality abortion services as allowed by law.
Author: Jeni Klugman
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464803595
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 239
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Book Description
"The 2012 report recognized that expanding women's agency - their ability to make decisions and take advantage of opportunities is key to improving their lives as well as the world. This report represents a major advance in global knowledge on this critical front. The vast data and thousands of surveys distilled in this report cast important light on the nature of constraints women and girls continue to face globally. This report identifies promising opportunities and entry points for lasting transformation, such as interventions that reach across sectors and include life-skills training, sexual and reproductive health education, conditional cash transfers, and mentoring. It finds that addressing what the World Health Organization has identified as an epidemic of violence against women means sharply scaling up engagement with men and boys. The report also underlines the vital role information and communication technologies can play in amplifying women's voices, expanding their economic and learning opportunities, and broadening their views and aspirations. The World Bank Group's twin goals of ending extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity demand no less than the full and equal participation of women and men, girls and boys, around the world." -- Publisher's description.
Author: King K. Holmes
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464805253
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1027
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Book Description
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.
Author: Nkosinathi V. N. Mbuya
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464814325
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 145
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Book Description
Because malnutrition in early life significantly affects the physical and mental development of children, addressing malnutrition is fundamental to the development of Vietnam’s human capital. Economic development of the nation depends on the strength, resilience, and intelligence of its workforce. Governments dedicate millions of dollars annually to health and education, recognizing that individual losses in productivity may run as high as 10 percent of lifetime earnings and that as much as 11 percent of GDP could be lost each year in Asia and Africa due to undernutrition. The ethnic minority groups living mainly in the northern midlands and in the mountainous and central highlands regions are consistently more undernourished than the Kinh majority. Despite decreases in stunting, the prevalence of stunting among ethnic minority children is still twice that in the Kinh ethnic group. There has been an overall decline in wasting of 1.7 percent between 2000 and 2011, although only the richest quintile showed a significant reduction (3.4 percent). These data, along with an overall decrease in the prevalence of wasting and stunting, indicate an increase in nutrition inequality between 2000 and 2011. Moreover, it is noteworthy that the ethnic minority groups constitute the majority of the undernourished populations in most of the 10 provinces with the highest rates of stunting among children under 5 years old. This analytical report describes the very high rates of malnutrition among ethnic minority populations in Vietnam. It assesses the determinants and causes, using a causal framework and systems analysis; reviews current commitments and policies directed at reducing disparities in malnutrition; examines implementation of nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive interventions, particularly those that require multisectoral coordination and collaboration; draws conclusions based on the analysis; and recommends how policies and programs can be strengthened to reduce inequities and fulfill the economic potential of all ethnic groups.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251305722
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 278
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Book Description
New evidence this year corroborates the rise in world hunger observed in this report last year, sending a warning that more action is needed if we aspire to end world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. Updated estimates show the number of people who suffer from hunger has been growing over the past three years, returning to prevailing levels from almost a decade ago. Although progress continues to be made in reducing child stunting, over 22 percent of children under five years of age are still affected. Other forms of malnutrition are also growing: adult obesity continues to increase in countries irrespective of their income levels, and many countries are coping with multiple forms of malnutrition at the same time – overweight and obesity, as well as anaemia in women, and child stunting and wasting.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251318638
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 68
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The Country Gender Assessment (CGA) was commissioned by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) from October 2017 to February 2018 as a way to gauge Viet Nam’s progress in achieving gender equality in agriculture and the rural sector and as a mechanism to guide FAO’s strategic mission in Viet Nam. Its objective is to inform FAO country-level planning and programming in line with national development priorities and FAO’s mandate and strategic framework. The Assessment is also aimed at facilitating FAO’s contribution to the UN Country Team report on the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) with up-to date and objective information on the situation of rural women in the country. The methodology of the CGA included a desk review of policies and programmes on agriculture, food and nutrition security and gender equality, a quantitative analysis of national statistics, in-depth interviews with FAO Viet Nam partners and qualitative surveys and focus group discussions (FGDs) conducted in two provinces (Ninh Thuan and Lao Cai).
