Author: Vikram Sekar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The main purpose of this dissertation was to address key issues in the design and analysis of RF/microwave filters for wireless applications. Since RF/microwave filters are one of the bulkiest parts of communication systems, their miniaturization is one of the most important technological challenges for the development of compact transceivers. In this work, novel miniaturization techniques were investigated for single-band, dual-band, ultra-wideband and tunable bandpass filters. In single-band filters, the use of cross-shaped fractals in half-mode substrate-integrated-waveguide bandpass filters resulted in a 37 percent size reduction. A compact bandpass filter that occupies an area of 0.315 mm2 is implemented in 90-nm CMOS technology for 20 GHz applications. For dual-band filters, using half-mode substrate-integrated-waveguides resulted in a filter that is six times smaller than its full-mode counterpart. For ultra-wideband filters, using slow-wave capacitively-loaded coplanar-waveguides resulted in a filter with improved stopband performance and frequency notch, while being 25 percent smaller in size. A major part of this work also dealt with the concept of 'hybrid' RF MEMS tunable filters where packaged, off-the-shelf RF MEMS switches were used to implement high-performance tunable filters using substrate-integrated-waveguide technology. These 'hybrid' filters are very easily fabricated compared to current state-of-the-art RF MEMS tunable filters because they do not require a clean-room facility. Both the full-mode and half-mode substrate-integrated waveguide tunable filters reported in this work have the best Q-factors (93 - 132 and 75 - 140, respectively) compared to any 'hybrid' RF MEMS tunable filter reported in current literature. Also, the half-mode substrate-integrated waveguide tunable filter is 2.5 times smaller than its full-mode counterpart while having similar performance. This dissertation also presented detailed analytical and simulation-based studies of nonlinear noise phenomena induced by Brownian motion in all-pole RF MEMS tunable filters. Two independent mathematical methods are proposed to calculate phase noise in RF MEMS tunable filters: (1) pole-perturbation approach, and (2) admittance-approach. These methods are compared to each other and to harmonic balance noise simulations using the CAD-model of the RF MEMS switch. To account for the switch nonlinearity in the mathematical methods, a nonlinear nodal analysis technique for tunable filters is also presented. In summary, it is shown that output signal-to-noise ratio degradation due to Brownian motion is maximum for low fractional bandwidth, high order and high quality factor RF MEMS tunable filters. Finally, a self-sustained microwave platform to detect the dielectric constant of organic liquids is presented in this dissertation. The main idea is to use a voltage- controlled negative-resistance oscillator whose frequency of oscillation varies according to the organic liquid under test. To make the system self-sustained, the oscillator is embedded in a frequency synthesizer system, which is then digitally interfaced to a computer for calculation of dielectric constant. Such a system has potential uses in a variety of applications in medicine, agriculture and pharmaceuticals.
Author: Jia-Sheng Hong
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118002121
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 608
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Book Description
The first edition of “Microstrip Filters for RF/Microwave Applications” was published in 2001. Over the years the book has been well received and is used extensively in both academia and industry by microwave researchers and engineers. From its inception as a manuscript the book is almost 8 years old. While the fundamentals of filter circuits have not changed, further innovations in filter realizations and other applications have occurred with changes in the technology and use of new fabrication processes, such as the recent advances in RF MEMS and ferroelectric films for tunable filters; the use of liquid crystal polymer (LCP) substrates for multilayer circuits, as well as the new filters for dual-band, multi-band and ultra wideband (UWB) applications. Although the microstrip filter remains as the main transmission line medium for these new developments, there has been a new trend of using combined planar transmission line structures such as co-planar waveguide (CPW) and slotted ground structures for novel physical implementations beyond the single layer in order to achieve filter miniaturization and better performance. Also, over the years, practitioners have suggested topics that should be added for completeness, or deleted in some cases, as they were not very useful in practice. In view of the above, the authors are proposing a revised version of the “Microstrip Filters for RF/Microwave Applications” text and a slightly changed book title of “Planar Filters for RF/Microwave Applications” to reflect the aforementioned trends in the revised book.
Author: Jia-Shen G. Hong
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471464201
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 487
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Book Description
Advanced, specialized coverage of microstrip filter design Microstrip Filters for RF/Microwave Applications is the only professional reference focusing solely on microstrip filters. It offers a unique and comprehensive treatment of filters based on the microstrip structure and includes full design methodologies that are also applicable to waveguide and other transmission line filters. The authors include coverage of new configurations with advanced filtering characteristics, new design techniques, and methods for filter miniaturization. The book utilizes numerous design examples to illustrate and emphasize computer analysis and synthesis while also discussing the applications of commercially available software. Other highlights include: Lowpass and bandpass filters Highpass and bandstop filters Full-wave electromagnetic simulation Advanced materials and technologies Coupled resonator circuits Computer-aided design for low-cost/high-volume production Compact filters and filter miniaturization Microstrip Filters for RF/Microwave Applications is not only a valuable design resource for practitioners, but also a handy reference for students and researchers in microwave engineering.
Author: Mohammed Ahmed El-Tanani
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
The dissertation presents tunable banpass filters in the 1.5-2.5 GHz frequency range targeted for wireless applications. The tunable filters are designed for size miniaturization, good linearity and constant absolute bandwidth characteristics while maintaining low insertion loss. The improved linearity has been demonstrated using back-to-back varactor diodes and using RF MEMS devices. The constant absolute bandwidth characteristics was achieved using a novel corrugatedcoupled lines approach and also using a localized capacitive compensation concept. In the improved linearity varactor diode design, two miniaturized tunable filters with two zeros were developed at 1.4-2.0 GHz on. The filters were built using single and back-to-back varactor diodes and compared for linearity characteristics. The single diode filter has a 1-dB bandwidth of 5 " 0.5 % and an insertion loss of 2.5-1.8 dB. The back-to-back diode filter has a 1-dB bandwidth of 4.9 " 0.5 % and an insertion loss of 2.9-1.25 dB (resonator Q of 56-125). A detailed Volterra series analysis is done on the back-to-back diode including the effect of the bias network and diode mismatches. The measured IIP3 for the back-to-back diode tunable filter is 22-41 dBm depending on the bias voltage and is 13-15 dB better than the single diode design. The power handling capabilities of both designs is explored using large signal S21 measurements. To our knowledge, these planar tunable filters represent state-of-the-art insertion loss and linearity characteristics performance with varactor diodes as the tuning elements. In the corrugated coupled-lines design, miniaturized fixed and tunable microstrip bandpass filters were developed t 1.4-1.9 GHz. The novel approach uses microstrip corrugated coupled-lines concept to synthesize a coupling coefficient which maintains a nearly constant absolute bandwidth across the tuning range. In addition, a miniaturized 2-pole varactor tuned filter is demonstrated with a frequency coverage of 1.44-1.89 GHz and an insertion loss
Author: Pierre Jarry
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 047048781X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
An in-depth survey of the design and REALIZATIONS of miniaturized fractal microwave and RF filters Engineers are continually searching for design methods that can satisfy the ever-increasing demand for miniaturization, accuracy, reliability, and fast development time. Design and Realizations of Miniaturized Fractal RF and Microwave Filters provides RF and microwave engineers and researchers, advanced graduate students, and wireless and telecommunication engineers with the knowledge and skills to design and realize miniaturized fractal microwave and RF filters. This book is an essential resource for the realization of portable and cellular phones, WiFi, 3G and 4G, and satellite networks. The text focuses on the synthesis and fabrication of miniaturized fractal filters with symmetrical and asymmetrical frequency characteristics in the C, X and Ku bands, though applications to other frequency bands are considered. Readers will find helpful guidance on: Miniaturized filters in bilevel fashion Simplified methods for the synthesis of pseudo-elliptic electrical networks Methods for extracting coupling coefficients and external quality factors from simulations of the RF/microwave structure Methods for matching theoretical couplings to couplings of structure Including studies of the real-world performance of fractal resonators and sensitivity analyses of suspended substrate realizations, this is a definitive resource for both practicing engineers and students who need timely insight on fractal resonators for compact and low-power microwave and RF applications.
Author: Buddhadev Pradhan
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783659241406
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Pierre Jarry
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470294167
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 443
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Book Description
The fundamentals needed to design and realize microwave and RF filters. Microwave and RF filters play an important role in communication systems and, owing to the proliferation of radar, satellite, and mobile wireless systems, there is a need for design methods that can satisfy the ever-increasing demand for accuracy, reliability, and shorter development times. Beginning with a brief review of scattering and chain matrices, filter approximations and synthesis, waveguides and transmission lines, and fundamental electromagnetic equations, the book then covers design techniques for microwave and RF filters operating across a frequency range from 1 GHz to 35 GHz. Each design chapter: Is dedicated to only one filter and is organized by the type of filter response Provides several design examples, including the analysis and modeling of the structures discussed and the methodologies employed Offers practical information on the actual performance of the filters and common difficulties encountered during construction Concludes with the construction technique, pictures of the inside and outside of the filter, and the measured performances Advanced Design Techniques and Realizations of Microwave and RF Filters is an essential resource for wireless and telecommunication engineers, as well as for researchers interested in current microwave and RF filter design practices. It is also appropriate as a supplementary textbook for advanced undergraduate courses in filter design.
Author: Jia-Sheng Hong
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 656
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Book Description
The first edition of "Microstrip Filters for RF/Microwave Applications" was published in 2001. Over the years the book has been well received and is used extensively in both academia and industry by microwave researchers and engineers. From its inception as a manuscript the book is almost 8 years old. While the fundamentals of filter circuits have not changed, further innovations in filter realizations and other applications have occurred with changes in the technology and use of new fabrication processes, such as the recent advances in RF MEMS and ferroelectric films for tunable filters; the use of liquid crystal polymer (LCP) substrates for multilayer circuits, as well as the new filters for dual-band, multi-band and ultra wideband (UWB) applications. Although the microstrip filter remains as the main transmission line medium for these new developments, there has been a new trend of using combined planar transmission line structures such as co-planar waveguide (CPW) and slotted ground structures for novel physical implementations beyond the single layer in order to achieve filter miniaturization and better performance. Also, over the years, practitioners have suggested topics that should be added for completeness, or deleted in some cases, as they were not very useful in practice. In view of the above, the authors are proposing a revised version of the "Microstrip Filters for RF/Microwave Applications" text and a slightly changed book title of "Planar Filters for RF/Microwave Applications" to reflect the aforementioned trends in the revised book.
Author: Nino Zahirovic
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 137
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Book Description
Multi-band and multi-mode radios are becoming prevalent and necessary in order to provide optimal data rates across a network with a diverse and spotty landscape of coverage areas (3G, HSPA, LTE, etc.). As the number of required bands and modes increases, the aggregate cost of discrete RF signal chains justifies the adoption of tunable solutions. Tunable filters are one of the pieces crucial to signal chain amalgamation. The main requirements for a tunable filter are high unloaded quality factor, wide tuning range, high tuning speed, high linearity, and small size. MEMS technology is the most promising in terms of tuning range, quality factor, linearity and size. In addition, a filter that maintains a constant passband bandwidth as the center frequency is tuned is preferred since the analog baseband processing circuitry tends to be tailored for a particular signal bandwidth. In this work, a novel design technique for tunable fi lters with controlled and predictable bandwidth variation is presented. The design technique is presented alongside an analysis and modeling method for predicting the final filter response during design optimization.
Author: Vikram Sekar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
This thesis presents the theory and design of fixed and Radio Frequency (RF) Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) -based tunable microwave filters for RF and microwave applications. The methodology for the design of coupled resonator filters is explained in detail and is used to design an end-coupled microstrip filter at 1.5 GHz with inductive loading using a stepped microstrip discontinuity to lower the resonance frequency of the half-wavelength microstrip resonator. The fabricated endcoupled filter shows center frequencies of 1.36 GHz and 1.03 GHz in the unloaded and loaded state respectively, with insertion losses between 1.2-1.5 dB and return loss better than 10 dB in both states. The filter response shows spurious passbands at approximately twice the filter center frequencies. To overcome this problem and improve the upper rejection skirt of the filter, microstrip resonators with tapped input/output coupling and mixed inter-resonator coupling are used to suppress the spurious passband by introducing a transmission zero at spurious resonance frequency. Measurement results for the fabricated tapped-resonator filters show an improvement of the upper rejection skirt due to spurious suppression to a level of -40 dB, with insertion loss of 1.2-1.5 dB for the same center frequencies. The concepts developed from fabrication and measurement of fixed-tuned microstrip filters are used to design an inductively-loaded RF MEMS tunable filter with adjustable spurious suppression implemented using packaged metal-contact switches. The two-pole 5% filter has a tuning range of 17% from 1.06 GHz to 1.23 GHz with an insertion loss of 1.56-2.28 dB and return loss better than 13 dB over the tuning range. The inductive loading mechanism is used to tune the open-ended quarter wavelength stub such that a tunable transmission zero supresses the spurious resonance as the filter center frequency is tuned. The spurious passband response in both states is suppressed below -20 dB. The unloaded quality factor (Q) of the filter varies from 127 to 75 as the filter is tuned. The equivalent circuit model for the series metalcontact packaged RF MEMS switch used in the tunable filter is derived from full-wave electromagnetic simulations and used to predict the effect of MEMS switch parasitics on the overall performance of the tunable filter.
