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Author: Allen Charles Ernst
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Diesel motor
Languages : en
Pages : 170
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Book Description
"Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) may be the next leap of improvement to internal combustion engines due to its decreased emissions and improved engine efficiencies. However, such a jump possesses challenges owing to its strict reliance on the inherent physics that dictate start of combustion and limit the reach of stable operation. This work investigates the role and fundamental influence of carbon monoxide on the cycle-to-cycle combustion dynamics present in the region of incomplete combustion that frames the limited HCCI operating region. An improved understanding will open doors to enhanced control methodologies and an expanded stable operating envelope. A constant volume chemical kinetics simulation was developed utilizing an established skeletal PRF mechanism in order to predict product species evolution in an HCCI engine under incomplete combustion conditions. The predicted product species amounts were harnessed to determine internally trapped residual carbon monoxide mass amounts that would be carried to the next engine cycle. These amounts became the basis for an experimental investigation on a single cylinder HCCI engine running on a high octane primary reference fuel. Cyclically resolved, in-cylinder active-specie injections were employed at partial burn operation to explore the effects of carbon monoxide on engine performance and its resultant cyclic dynamics. Observations made through detailed cyclic performance data, return maps, and symbol sequencing analysis help to expose a significant impact of carbon monoxide on HCCI combustion development and the potential it may possess to drive HCCI combustion as a future dynamic control mechanism"--Abstract, page iii.
Author: Allen Charles Ernst
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Diesel motor
Languages : en
Pages : 170
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Book Description
"Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) may be the next leap of improvement to internal combustion engines due to its decreased emissions and improved engine efficiencies. However, such a jump possesses challenges owing to its strict reliance on the inherent physics that dictate start of combustion and limit the reach of stable operation. This work investigates the role and fundamental influence of carbon monoxide on the cycle-to-cycle combustion dynamics present in the region of incomplete combustion that frames the limited HCCI operating region. An improved understanding will open doors to enhanced control methodologies and an expanded stable operating envelope. A constant volume chemical kinetics simulation was developed utilizing an established skeletal PRF mechanism in order to predict product species evolution in an HCCI engine under incomplete combustion conditions. The predicted product species amounts were harnessed to determine internally trapped residual carbon monoxide mass amounts that would be carried to the next engine cycle. These amounts became the basis for an experimental investigation on a single cylinder HCCI engine running on a high octane primary reference fuel. Cyclically resolved, in-cylinder active-specie injections were employed at partial burn operation to explore the effects of carbon monoxide on engine performance and its resultant cyclic dynamics. Observations made through detailed cyclic performance data, return maps, and symbol sequencing analysis help to expose a significant impact of carbon monoxide on HCCI combustion development and the potential it may possess to drive HCCI combustion as a future dynamic control mechanism"--Abstract, page iii.
Author: Aaron David Attebery
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Combustion gases
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion introduces great opportunity for decreased emissions along with greater engine efficiencies. Implementing an innovative combustion mode such as HCCI presents a great challenge for the engine research community. One such challenge is controlling the innate cyclic variability from this chemical kinetics controlled auto-ignition event when transitioning to or from a SI operating mode. This work includes the study of cycle-to-cycle dynamics that occur within the partial burn regime of an HCCI engine as it approaches the misfire limit. Within this regime there are many successive incomplete combustion events that will impact the next cycle through the fuel/air residual, the chemical kinetics, and the pressure-temperature history of the cylinder during the combustion process. A better understanding of this process will provide information relevant to developing control methods for multi-mode operating strategies. Experiments were conducted using a single cylinder HCCI engine operating in an unstable combustion regime in order to observe cyclic variability using rapid exhaust pressure and temperature measurements to appropriately capture any deterministic behavior of the combustion dynamics. On-board syn-gas strategies were also explored by injecting a reactive species gas, carbon-monoxide, directly into the cylinder in order to perturb the intake charge and study the effects this mass injection had on the onset of combustion in HCCI. This could be utilized as one method of control by an engine control unit in order to push the limits of unstable combustion as well as keep the engine within stable operating regions"--Abstract, Leaf iii
Author: Krishawn Michele Goodwin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carbon monoxide
Languages : en
Pages : 171
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Book Description
"Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) is a low temperature combustion mode that contains great potential for decreasing emissions while increasing efficiency in internal combustion engines. The limitation is in that it is inherently difficult to control based on the lack of an external combustion trigger. This thesis outlines the potential of using the combustion residual species of carbon monoxide as a method of controlling the location of combustion by using data from a computer model. The model is a nonlinear five-state thermodynamic model that is coupled with a skeletal chemical kinetic model for PRF96. The model computes the amount of carbon monoxide within the cylinder during partial burn, which is when the engine is most difficult to control, and also calculates the amount of carbon monoxide residual that will be fed forward into the next cycle. The model is verified by comparing experimental data at the steady state and at the onset of partial burn collected from a Hatz 1D50Z engine located on the Missouri S&T campus. The impact of the carbon monoxide on the cyclic dynamics of the engine is observed through return maps displaying cyclic dependence generated by using data from the model. These return maps are created to determine the effects of the naturally produced amounts of carbon monoxide during partial burn, artificially increased amount of carbon monoxide during partial burn and complete combustion, and the effects of the intake temperature on several important engine parameters. These effects observed can be used to determine the relevance of using carbon monoxide as a control for HCCI."--Abstract, page iii.
Author: Bob Dwyer
Publisher: ESCO Press
ISBN: 1930044364
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 179
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Book Description
This program addresses the hazards inherent in carbon monoxide generation and testing procedures. Additionally, it provides an overview of combustion analysis and the relation of building pressures to carbon monoxide generation. This training manual is broken into three sections: 1) Carbon Monoxide (CO) Explains: What CO is, how CO is produced, health effects of CO exposure, how to respond to an alarm, basic testing procedures, code compliance, and exposure standards. 2) Combustion: An in depth explanation of combustion analysis, troubleshooting, and remediation of CO production for both gas and oil fired appliances such as: boilers, furnaces, hot water heaters, clothes dryers, etc. 3) Pressure Measurements: A primer on how building pressures effect the distribution of carbon monoxide.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: C. L. Bailey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignitions (HCCI) engines show promise as an alternative to Diesel engines, yet research remains: development of practical HCCI engines will be aided greatly by accurate modeling tools. A novel detailed chemical kinetic model that incorporates information from a computational fluid mechanics code has been developed to simulate HCCI combustion. This model very accurately predicts many aspects of the HCCI combustion process. High-resolution computational grids can be used for the fluid mechanics portion of the simulation, but the chemical kinetics portion of the simulation can be reduced to a handful of computational zones (for all previous work 10 zones have been used). While overall this model has demonstrated a very good predictive capability for HCCI combustion, previous simulations using this model have tended to underpredict carbon monoxide emissions by an order of magnitude. A factor in the underprediction of carbon monoxide may be that all previous simulations have been conducted with 10 chemical kinetic zones. The chemistry that results in carbon monoxide emissions is very sensitive to small changes in temperature within the engine. The resolution in temperature is determined directly by the number of zones. This paper investigates how the number of zones (i.e. temperature resolution) affects the model's prediction of hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions in an HCCI engine. Simulations with 10, 20, and 40 chemical kinetic zones have been conducted using a detailed chemical kinetic mechanism (859 species, 3606 reactions) to simulate an isooctane fueled HCCI engine. The results show that 10-zones are adequate to resolve the hydrocarbon emissions, but a greater numbers of zones are required to resolve carbon monoxide emissions. Results are also presented that explore spatial sources of the exhaust emissions within the HCCI engine combustion chamber.
Author: Mina Abaskharon
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783668249653
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Scientific Essay from the year 2015 in the subject Engineering - Automotive Engineering, language: English, abstract: In the present work a comparative assessment has been made for the exhaust emissions of a spark ignition engine fueled with gasoline and CNG. The engine under test was operated separately by gasoline or CNG using a conversion switch. The produced hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO 2) of both fuels were measured at coolant temperature of 80 C, 90 C and 100 C. Tests have been conducted at full and half load operating conditions with a speed range from 1000:5000 rpm. The results showed that reducing the coolant temperature from 100 C to 80 C increased the produced hydrocarbon and carbon dioxide and reduced the carbon monoxide for both fuels at full and half load conditions. Furthermore, the CNG produced less HC, CO and CO 2 than the gasoline at full and half load operating conditions."
Author: R. Lindsay
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carbon monoxide
Languages : en
Pages : 14
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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