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Author: Jiasheng Huang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Galaxies
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
Author: Jiasheng Huang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Galaxies
Languages : en
Pages : 216
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309157994
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
Driven by discoveries, and enabled by leaps in technology and imagination, our understanding of the universe has changed dramatically during the course of the last few decades. The fields of astronomy and astrophysics are making new connections to physics, chemistry, biology, and computer science. Based on a broad and comprehensive survey of scientific opportunities, infrastructure, and organization in a national and international context, New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics outlines a plan for ground- and space- based astronomy and astrophysics for the decade of the 2010's. Realizing these scientific opportunities is contingent upon maintaining and strengthening the foundations of the research enterprise including technological development, theory, computation and data handling, laboratory experiments, and human resources. New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics proposes enhancing innovative but moderate-cost programs in space and on the ground that will enable the community to respond rapidly and flexibly to new scientific discoveries. The book recommends beginning construction on survey telescopes in space and on the ground to investigate the nature of dark energy, as well as the next generation of large ground-based giant optical telescopes and a new class of space-based gravitational observatory to observe the merging of distant black holes and precisely test theories of gravity. New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics recommends a balanced and executable program that will support research surrounding the most profound questions about the cosmos. The discoveries ahead will facilitate the search for habitable planets, shed light on dark energy and dark matter, and aid our understanding of the history of the universe and how the earliest stars and galaxies formed. The book is a useful resource for agencies supporting the field of astronomy and astrophysics, the Congressional committees with jurisdiction over those agencies, the scientific community, and the public.
Author: N. Epchtein
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 940110946X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 271
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Book Description
Outstanding progress in near-infrared detection technology and in real-time image processing has led astronomers to start undertaking all-sky surveys in the 1--2 mum range (project DENIS in Europe and 2MASS in the U.S.A.), surveys which will have a considerable impact in various areas of astronomy. This book gathers the contributions of more than 80 specialists involved in fields of interest as different as low mass stars, late stages of stellar evolution, star formation, stellar populations of the Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds, the local structure of the Universe, and observational cosmology. It describes the impact on these fields of the exhaustive data bases and catalogs of stars and galaxies that these surveys will provide. The considerable interest of these documents for the future of infrared space and ground-based projects and the complementarity with other currently ongoing or planned surveys in other spectral ranges are emphasized.
Author: Marat Musin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 74
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Book Description
In this dissertation, I aim to study the evolution of galaxies over the last 6 Gyr by measuring the growth of the global stellar mass density (GSMD) since z = 0.8. My work combines the datasets from two very large surveys, namely, the optical data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Stripe 82 and the infrared data from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), and constructs a unique catalog of galaxies that have their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) measured consistently from 0.3 to 5 [micro]m in seven bands. This catalog, the largest of its kind, contains 9 million galaxies in [approximately] 300 deg[superscript 2] , will have a wide range of applications beyond the scope of this thesis. Extending galaxy SED measurements to restframe near-IR has two significant advantages: (1) dust extinction can be better handled, and (2) emissions from low-mass stars, which are the major contributors to a galaxy's stellar mass, can be better measured. WISE was the only mission to date that provided all-sky IR data that are deep enough for galaxy evolution studies out to z [approximately] 1 (sampling restframe K-band). The only wide-field optical survey data that could match WISE depths are those from the SDSS Stripe 82 over [approximately] 300 deg [superscript 2] . The synergy of the two is therefore natural. The implementation, however, is of tremendous difficulty. This is mainly because of the vastly different spatial resolutions between SDSS and WISE. To overcome this problem, we take an approach that is often referred to as ʺmorphological template fittingʺ, i.e., using the high-resolution image to define the morphological template of the galaxy in question, and de-convolving its light profile in the low-resolution image accordingly. In this way, we obtain the SED measurements over the entire 0.3-5[micro]m range in the most self-consistent manner. Using this SED catalog as the basis, we derive photometric redshifts and stellar masses for all the 9 million galaxies that span z = 0-0.8. This provides us an unprecedented statistics when deriving galaxy stellar mass functions (MFs) and GSMD over multiple redshift bins. Some preliminary results are discussed. As a by-product of our morphological template fitting process, an interesting population of objects called ʺWISE Optical Dropoutsʺ (ʺWoDropsʺ for short) are discovered. These objects are significant detections in WISE data but are invisible in all the SDSS Stripe 82 data. Their nature remains a mystery up to this point. Among all possibilities, the only viable interpretation is that they are very high-mass galaxies with very high dust extinctions. To reveal their nature, future observations at larger facilities will be necessary.
Author: Alvio Renzini
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540256656
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 520
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Book Description
The possibilities of astronomical observation have dramatically increased over the last decade. Major satellites, like the Hubble Space Telescope, Chandra and XMM Newton, are complemented by numerous large ground-based observatories, from 8m-10m optical telescopes to sub-mm and radio facilities. As a result, observational astronomy has access to virtually the whole electromagnetic spectrum of galaxies, even at high redshifts. Theoretical models of galaxy formation and cosmological evolution now face a serious challenge to match the plethora of observational data. In October 2003, over 170 astronomers from 15 countries met for a 4-day workshop to extensively illustrate and discuss all major observational projects and ongoing theoretical efforts to model galaxy formation and evolution. This volume contains the complete proceedings of this meeting and is therefore a unique and timely overview of the current state of research in this rapidly evolving field.
Author: H.T. MacGillivray
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401111464
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 722
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Book Description
H.T. MacGilLIVRAY Royal Observatory Blackford Hill Edinburgh EH9 3HJ Scotland U.K. lAU Symposium No. 161 on 'Astronomy from Wide-Field Imaging', held in Potsdam, Germany, during 23-27th August 1993, was the first conference organised by the recently-formed Working Group of lAU Commission 9 on 'Wide-Field Imaging'. This Working Group was instigated during the XXIst meeting of the General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union in Buenos Aires in 1991, and represented a merging of the former formal lAU Working Group on 'Astronomical Photography' and the informal 'Digitised Optical Sky Surveys' Working Group. Dr. Richard West was 'invited' to be Chairperson, and hence was given the daunting task of organising the Group from scratch. The very fact that the first conference after only two years was a major lAU Symposium says much about the determination and enthusiasm of Richard West to fulfilling the aims of the new Working Group. The siting of the conference in Potsdam in formerly East Germany provided an excellent opportunity to advantage from the political changes in Eastern Europe. Good access to the meeting was possible by scientists from Eastern European countries, allowing exchange of information on the very important Wide-Field facilities in both East and West, information on the rich archives of photographic plates that exist in both East and West, and allowing discussions between scientists facing very similar problems in both East and West.
Author: N. Epchtein
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401150265
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 270
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Book Description
Thirty years after the pioneering enterprise of Neugebauer and collabo rators, the astronomical sky is surveyed anew in the near infrared range with a gain in sensitivity greater than 4 orders of magnitude. Data have started to come through the "pipelines" routinely and at the turn of the century, the astronomical community will be provided with immense databases that will eventually contain accurate positions and 3- colour (or even 4-colour after merging DENIS and 2MASS data) photometry for hundreds million of stars and millions of galaxies. This fantastic harvest of data will eventually result of the huge effort that has been deployed on both sides of the Antlantic to promote 2 major projects, 2MASS and DENIS. rd The basic aim of this 3 Euroconference (and last in the series), was to put in close contact the scientific teams of 2MASS and DENIS in order to present and discuss the first significant results of the two surveys and to start promoting possible future plans
Author: Jesús Falcón-Barroso
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107035279
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 657
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Book Description
The formation and evolution of galaxies is one of the most important topics in modern astrophysics. Secular evolution refers to the relatively slow dynamical evolution due to internal processes induced by a galaxy's spiral arms, bars, galactic winds, black holes and dark matter haloes. It plays an important role in the evolution of spiral galaxies with major consequences for galactic bulges, the transfer of angular momentum, and the distribution of a galaxy's constituent stars, gas and dust. This internal evolution is in turn the key to understanding and testing cosmological models of galaxy formation and evolution. Based on the twenty-third Winter School of the Canary Islands Institute of Astrophysics, this volume presents reviews from nine world-renowned experts on the observational and theoretical research into secular processes, and what these processes can tell us about the structure and formation of galaxies. The volume provides a firm grounding for graduate students and early career researchers working on galactic dynamics and galaxy evolution.
Author: I. Pérez-Fournon
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521825917
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 302
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Book Description
This volume presents lectures of the XI Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics written by experts in the field.
Author: E. Kontizas
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401157227
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 399
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Book Description
E. KONTIZAS Astronomical Institute National Observatory of Athens P. O. Box 20048 Athens GR-1181O GREECE The international conference on "Wide-Field Spectroscopy" and its sub ject matter were agreed during the general assembly of the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in August 1994 by the Working Group of Com mision 9 "Wi de-Field Imaging". This meeting gave an opportunity to world experts on this subject to gather in Athens, in order to discuss the cur rent exploitation and the impending opportunities that exist in the area of multi-object spectroscopy, with particular emphasis on: 1. Astronomical instruments, data acquisition, processing and analysis techniques. 2. Astrophysical problems best tackled through wide-field, multi-object spectroscopy. The new fibre optic technology offers an important tool for the advancement of basic research and the development of industrial applications. Astronom ical spectroscopy is a field of astronomy which has contributed much to the advancement of fundamental physics. The spectra of hot stars have been used to determine the well-known Balmer formula for the wavelength of hydrogen lines, in the late 19th century. Since then, spectroscopy has made enormous progress in stellar atmosphere studies, in kinematics, and in the detection of high redshifts in the Universe. The traditional techniques of obtaining wide-field spectroscopic data are based on slitless spectroscopy (objective prism). Several observations, world wide, make use ofthese tech niques in order to obtain information on the spectral properties of objects in large areas of the sky.
