A Theoretical Study of Ice Crystal Growth in the Atmosphere

A Theoretical Study of Ice Crystal Growth in the Atmosphere PDF Author: Jon Thomas Nelson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ice crystals
Languages : en
Pages : 366

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Book Description

A Theoretical Study of Ice Crystal Growth in the Atmosphere

A Theoretical Study of Ice Crystal Growth in the Atmosphere PDF Author: Jon Thomas Nelson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ice crystals
Languages : en
Pages : 366

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Book Description


Light Scattering by Ice Crystals

Light Scattering by Ice Crystals PDF Author: Kuo-Nan Liou
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521889162
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 461

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Book Description
This volume outlines the fundamentals and applications of light scattering, absorption and polarization processes involving ice crystals.

Theory and Experiments Pertaining to Atmospheric Ice Crystal Growth and Surface Evolution

Theory and Experiments Pertaining to Atmospheric Ice Crystal Growth and Surface Evolution PDF Author: Elle Richard Hanson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
From polar ice fogs to tropical cirrus, atmospheric ice is critically important to weather and climate, but our understanding of the vapor depositional growth of atmospheric ice particles still has significant lacunae. Models of ice particle depositional growth rely on many unrealistic assumptions regarding the particle surface characteristics and morphology, and often fail to reproduce experimental measurements of growth rates. All cloud models still rely on the crystal capacitance analogy, which is only applies to particles with rough surfaces or sublimating particles. I performed a series of experiments to measure the growth rates of ice crystals.I describe a series of different ice crystal models from purely diffusive capacitance to surface kinetics-based habit evolution methods, focusing on their assumptions, successes, and limitations. I use a simple method to test the ability of models to reproduce growth rates from 45 experiments performed by myself and other researchers. In addition, I modify an existing ice growth model to simulate the formation of facets on a spherical or rough ice particle, and I show that this model is able to correctly simulate an experiment that other models cannot.

Mixed-Phase Clouds

Mixed-Phase Clouds PDF Author: Constantin Andronache
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 012810550X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 302

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Book Description
Mixed-Phase Clouds: Observations and Modeling presents advanced research topics on mixed-phase clouds. As the societal impacts of extreme weather and its forecasting grow, there is a continuous need to refine atmospheric observations, techniques and numerical models. Understanding the role of clouds in the atmosphere is increasingly vital for current applications, such as prediction and prevention of aircraft icing, weather modification, and the assessment of the effects of cloud phase partition in climate models. This book provides the essential information needed to address these problems with a focus on current observations, simulations and applications. Provides in-depth knowledge and simulation of mixed-phase clouds over many regions of Earth, explaining their role in weather and climate Features current research examples and case studies, including those on advanced research methods from authors with experience in both academia and the industry Discusses the latest advances in this subject area, providing the reader with access to best practices for remote sensing and numerical modeling

Depth-time-temperature Relationships of Ice Crystal Growth in Polar Glaciers

Depth-time-temperature Relationships of Ice Crystal Growth in Polar Glaciers PDF Author: Anthony Jack Gow
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Glaciers
Languages : en
Pages : 28

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Book Description
The growth of ice crystals as a function of depth and time in polar firn and glacier ice has been investigated at a number of locations in Antarctica and Greenland. Thin sections of snow and ice were used to measure crystal size variations. Crystal growth rates are strongly temperature dependent with growth being very much retarded at the lower englacial temperatures. At Camp Century, Greenland, where the firn temperature is -24C (constant below 10 m depth) crystals grow approximately 23 times faster than at Plateau Station, Antarctica, where the in situ temperature is -57C. (Author).

Physics of Ice

Physics of Ice PDF Author: Victor F. Petrenko
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191581348
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 390

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Book Description
Ice is one of the most abundant and environmentally important materials on Earth, and its unique and intriguing physical properties present fascinating areas of study for a wide variety of researchers. This book is about the physics of ice, by which is meant the properties of the material itself and the ways in which these properties are interpreted in terms of water molecules and crystalline structure. Although ice has a simple crystal structure its hydrogen bonding results in unique properties, which continue to be the subject of active research. In this book the physical principles underlying the properties of ice are carefully developed at a level aimed at pure and applied researchers in the field. Important topics like current understandings of the electrical, mechanical, and surface properties, and the occurrence of many different crystalline phases are developed in a coherent way for the first time. An extensive reference list and numerous illustrations add to the usefulness and readability of the text.

Clouds, Chemistry and Climate

Clouds, Chemistry and Climate PDF Author: Paul J. Crutzen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364261051X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 337

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Book Description
The objective of this NATO Advanced Research Workshop was to discuss our current understanding of the role of clouds in climate and chemistry. The range of topics dis cussed during the workshop included: modeling of clouds in GCMs; observations of the cloud micro physical properties; the water vapor cycle; troposphere-stratosphere exchange; role of in-cloud transport in tropospheric ozone; regulation of current and paleo climate by clouds; and anthropogenic sulfate aerosols and modification of cloud properties. The essence of the discussions is captured in the accompanying summary by the rapporteurs and the chapters by some of the speakers. The underlying message is that significant progress has been made, resulting in exciting new developments in our perception of the role of clouds in the global system . .. The tropical convective-cirrus cloud systems emerge as a major influence on the climate system. Micro physical processes, such as the rate of precipitation and re evaporation of ice particles, seem to regulate the large scale vertical distribution of water vapor which is the dominant greenhouse gas. Water vapor data collected during the Central Equatorial Pacific Experiment (CEPEX), document the large moistening effect of deep convection on scales of thousands of kilometers. A major chemical finding in the same region was the observation of extremely low ozone 8 volume mixing ratios of less than 10- in the entire troposphere of the central equatorial Pacific extending over a distance of about 2000 km. This finding establishes the Pacific as a major chemical sink region for tropospheric ozone.

Snow Crystals

Snow Crystals PDF Author: Kenneth G. Libbrecht
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691200378
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 456

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Book Description
"Despite substantial, cross-disciplinary interest in the subject as a scientific case study, surprisingly little has been written on the science of snowflakes and their formation. For materials scientists, snowflakes constitute archetypal examples of crystal growth; for chemists, the site of complex molecular dynamics at the ice surface. Physicists can learn from snowflake symmetry and self-assembly; geologists study snow as mineral crystals; and biologists can even gain insight into the creation of shape and order in organisms. In the humble snowflake are condensed many of the processes-many of them still not fully understood-that govern the organization of classical systems at all levels of the natural world. This book by Kenneth Libbrecht-inarguably the world's foremost expert on the subject-will be the authoritative text on the science of snow crystals. It will cover all of the physical processes that govern the life of a snowflake, including how snowflakes grow and why they have the shapes they do. It will also outline techniques for creating and experimenting with snow crystals, both with computer models and in the lab. Featuring hundreds of color illustrations, the book will be comprehensive and is sure to become definitive resource for researchers for years, if not decades, to come"--

The Slow Growth of Ice Crystals in Water

The Slow Growth of Ice Crystals in Water PDF Author: Samuel C. Colbeck
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Frazil ice
Languages : en
Pages : 20

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Book Description


Historical Essays on Meteorology, 1919–1995

Historical Essays on Meteorology, 1919–1995 PDF Author: James Fleming
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1940033845
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 613

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Book Description
On the occasion of its 75th anniversary, the American Meteorological Society engaged a number of eminent pioneers and leading practitioners to write about the fields they helped develop. They were joined by several professional historians of science and technology. The resulting essays constitute a substantial sampling of what has been learned since 1919 in the atmospheric sciences and services—in research, in education, and in the private sector. This volume will be of interest to weather professionals and enthusiasts, historians of science, and to students of science and history. It will help us calibrate where we are, where we have been, and where we might be going as a discipline. Hopefully it will inspire others to value the past and to dig into it more deeply. Such attention to history is a necessary step in the maturation of a scientific discipline.