Author: William Thomas Johnsen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 60
Book Description
In November 1991, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization released "The Alliance's New Strategic Concept" (hereafter Strategic Concept), the first significant revision of NATO strategy since the Alliance adopted the strategy of Flexible Response in 1967. In this new document, NATO acknowledged the dramatic improvements in the European security environment, and positioned the Alliance for the post-Cold War era. Since 1991, the Strategic Concept has guided NATO as it absorbed a unified Germany, massively reduced allied forces, partially overhauled its command and control structures, undertook peace operations in the former Yugoslavia under the aegis of the U.N., conducted combat operations for the first time in its history, and started to tackle the difficult question of enlarging the Alliance. Despite these accomplishments, pundits have subjected the Alliance to a constant barrage of criticism. While individual critiques fall across a wide spectrum, an overarching complaint is that the Alliance has not adapted sufficiently to the changed conditions in Europe.1 Because the Strategic Concept sets out the basic principles of the Alliance and serves as the guide for NATO's future direction, these criticisms also call into question the validity of the Alliance's current strategy. This monograph, therefore, will examine the elements of "The Alliance's New Strategic Concept," to include its implementation and follow-on initiatives, and assess whether these efforts adequately prepare NATO to meet the 21st century. This assessment begins with a brief description of the key elements of the Strategic Concept to inform those who may have been unable to examine it in detail because of the press of other international and European crises. The study next assesses NATO's numerous political and military initiatives for implementing the Strategic Concept, with emphasis on evaluating their success. Particular emphasis will be devoted to the issue of NATO's growing participation in collective security activities, and the inherent contradiction this holds for NATO's continued existence- -specified in the Strategic Concept and routinely reiterated thereafter--as a collective defense organization. The report closes with conclusions and recommendations for further Alliance action.
NATO Strategy in the 1990s
Author: William Thomas Johnsen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 60
Book Description
In November 1991, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization released "The Alliance's New Strategic Concept" (hereafter Strategic Concept), the first significant revision of NATO strategy since the Alliance adopted the strategy of Flexible Response in 1967. In this new document, NATO acknowledged the dramatic improvements in the European security environment, and positioned the Alliance for the post-Cold War era. Since 1991, the Strategic Concept has guided NATO as it absorbed a unified Germany, massively reduced allied forces, partially overhauled its command and control structures, undertook peace operations in the former Yugoslavia under the aegis of the U.N., conducted combat operations for the first time in its history, and started to tackle the difficult question of enlarging the Alliance. Despite these accomplishments, pundits have subjected the Alliance to a constant barrage of criticism. While individual critiques fall across a wide spectrum, an overarching complaint is that the Alliance has not adapted sufficiently to the changed conditions in Europe.1 Because the Strategic Concept sets out the basic principles of the Alliance and serves as the guide for NATO's future direction, these criticisms also call into question the validity of the Alliance's current strategy. This monograph, therefore, will examine the elements of "The Alliance's New Strategic Concept," to include its implementation and follow-on initiatives, and assess whether these efforts adequately prepare NATO to meet the 21st century. This assessment begins with a brief description of the key elements of the Strategic Concept to inform those who may have been unable to examine it in detail because of the press of other international and European crises. The study next assesses NATO's numerous political and military initiatives for implementing the Strategic Concept, with emphasis on evaluating their success. Particular emphasis will be devoted to the issue of NATO's growing participation in collective security activities, and the inherent contradiction this holds for NATO's continued existence- -specified in the Strategic Concept and routinely reiterated thereafter--as a collective defense organization. The report closes with conclusions and recommendations for further Alliance action.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 60
Book Description
In November 1991, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization released "The Alliance's New Strategic Concept" (hereafter Strategic Concept), the first significant revision of NATO strategy since the Alliance adopted the strategy of Flexible Response in 1967. In this new document, NATO acknowledged the dramatic improvements in the European security environment, and positioned the Alliance for the post-Cold War era. Since 1991, the Strategic Concept has guided NATO as it absorbed a unified Germany, massively reduced allied forces, partially overhauled its command and control structures, undertook peace operations in the former Yugoslavia under the aegis of the U.N., conducted combat operations for the first time in its history, and started to tackle the difficult question of enlarging the Alliance. Despite these accomplishments, pundits have subjected the Alliance to a constant barrage of criticism. While individual critiques fall across a wide spectrum, an overarching complaint is that the Alliance has not adapted sufficiently to the changed conditions in Europe.1 Because the Strategic Concept sets out the basic principles of the Alliance and serves as the guide for NATO's future direction, these criticisms also call into question the validity of the Alliance's current strategy. This monograph, therefore, will examine the elements of "The Alliance's New Strategic Concept," to include its implementation and follow-on initiatives, and assess whether these efforts adequately prepare NATO to meet the 21st century. This assessment begins with a brief description of the key elements of the Strategic Concept to inform those who may have been unable to examine it in detail because of the press of other international and European crises. The study next assesses NATO's numerous political and military initiatives for implementing the Strategic Concept, with emphasis on evaluating their success. Particular emphasis will be devoted to the issue of NATO's growing participation in collective security activities, and the inherent contradiction this holds for NATO's continued existence- -specified in the Strategic Concept and routinely reiterated thereafter--as a collective defense organization. The report closes with conclusions and recommendations for further Alliance action.
NATO Strategy in the 1990s: Reaping the Peace Dividend Or the Whirlwind?
Author: William T. Johnsen
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781482300666
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 50
Book Description
In November 1991, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization released "The Alliance's New Strategic Concept" (hereafter Strategic Concept), the first significant revision of NATO strategy since the Alliance adopted the strategy of Flexible Response in 1967. In this new document, NATO acknowledged the dramatic improvements in the European security environment, and positioned the Alliance for the post-Cold War era. Since 1991, the Strategic Concept has guided NATO as it absorbed a unified Germany, massively reduced allied forces, partially overhauled its command and control structures, undertook peace operations in the former Yugoslavia under the aegis of the U.N., conducted combat operations for the first time in its history, and started to tackle the difficult question of enlarging the Alliance. Despite these accomplishments, pundits have subjected the Alliance to a constant barrage of criticism. While individual critiques fall across a wide spectrum, an overarching complaint is that the Alliance has not adapted sufficiently to the changed conditions in Europe.1 Because the Strategic Concept sets out the basic principles of the Alliance and serves as the guide for NATO's future direction, these criticisms also call into question the validity of the Alliance's current strategy. This monograph, therefore, will examine the elements of "The Alliance's New Strategic Concept," to include its implementation and follow-on initiatives, and assess whether these efforts adequately prepare NATO to meet the 21st century. This assessment begins with a brief description of the key elements of the Strategic Concept to inform those who may have been unable to examine it in detail because of the press of other international and European crises. The study next assesses NATO's numerous political and military initiatives for implementing the Strategic Concept, with emphasis on evaluating their success. Particular emphasis will be devoted to the issue of NATO's growing participation in collective security activities, and the inherent contradiction this holds for NATO's continued existence--specified in the Strategic Concept and routinely reiterated thereafter--as a collective defense organization. The reportcloses with conclusions and recommendations for further Alliance action.
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781482300666
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 50
Book Description
In November 1991, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization released "The Alliance's New Strategic Concept" (hereafter Strategic Concept), the first significant revision of NATO strategy since the Alliance adopted the strategy of Flexible Response in 1967. In this new document, NATO acknowledged the dramatic improvements in the European security environment, and positioned the Alliance for the post-Cold War era. Since 1991, the Strategic Concept has guided NATO as it absorbed a unified Germany, massively reduced allied forces, partially overhauled its command and control structures, undertook peace operations in the former Yugoslavia under the aegis of the U.N., conducted combat operations for the first time in its history, and started to tackle the difficult question of enlarging the Alliance. Despite these accomplishments, pundits have subjected the Alliance to a constant barrage of criticism. While individual critiques fall across a wide spectrum, an overarching complaint is that the Alliance has not adapted sufficiently to the changed conditions in Europe.1 Because the Strategic Concept sets out the basic principles of the Alliance and serves as the guide for NATO's future direction, these criticisms also call into question the validity of the Alliance's current strategy. This monograph, therefore, will examine the elements of "The Alliance's New Strategic Concept," to include its implementation and follow-on initiatives, and assess whether these efforts adequately prepare NATO to meet the 21st century. This assessment begins with a brief description of the key elements of the Strategic Concept to inform those who may have been unable to examine it in detail because of the press of other international and European crises. The study next assesses NATO's numerous political and military initiatives for implementing the Strategic Concept, with emphasis on evaluating their success. Particular emphasis will be devoted to the issue of NATO's growing participation in collective security activities, and the inherent contradiction this holds for NATO's continued existence--specified in the Strategic Concept and routinely reiterated thereafter--as a collective defense organization. The reportcloses with conclusions and recommendations for further Alliance action.
Moving from Theory to Action
Author: John Sewall
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Europe
Languages : en
Pages : 4
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Europe
Languages : en
Pages : 4
Book Description
Soviet Imperatives for the 1990's: A NATO strategy for the 1990's
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on European Affairs
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soviet Union
Languages : en
Pages : 328
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soviet Union
Languages : en
Pages : 328
Book Description
Reconstructing NATO Strategy for the 1990s
Author: Richard Bitzinger
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 62
Book Description
In March 1988, a conference was held in Ebenhausen, West Germany, on Reconstructing NATO Strategy for the 1990s, to discuss the future of Alliance strategy. In particular, conference sessions covered such topics as the evolution of Soviet strategy; options and concepts for rebuilding NATO strategy (including a discussion on "discriminate deterrence"); concepts, options, and priorities for nuclear and conventional force structure development, including modernization and arms control; and the future role of Western Europe within the Alliance. The key points that emerged from the conference include: (1) changes inside the Soviet Union should continue to present a challenge to NATO in reconstructing its defense strategy; (2) flexible response/extended deterrence is still the best doctrine available to NATO, and nuclear weapons are still crucial to the defense of the West; (3) remaining intermediate-range nuclear forces (INF) must be restructured following the INF treaty, in order to strengthen NATO INF capabilities and bolster this element of flexible response doctrine; (4) negotiations should cover the Atlantic-to-the-Urals region and lead to deep, asymmetrical cuts in offensive armor; and (5) arms control (both nuclear and conventional) must be integrated with NATO's broader strategic requirements.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 62
Book Description
In March 1988, a conference was held in Ebenhausen, West Germany, on Reconstructing NATO Strategy for the 1990s, to discuss the future of Alliance strategy. In particular, conference sessions covered such topics as the evolution of Soviet strategy; options and concepts for rebuilding NATO strategy (including a discussion on "discriminate deterrence"); concepts, options, and priorities for nuclear and conventional force structure development, including modernization and arms control; and the future role of Western Europe within the Alliance. The key points that emerged from the conference include: (1) changes inside the Soviet Union should continue to present a challenge to NATO in reconstructing its defense strategy; (2) flexible response/extended deterrence is still the best doctrine available to NATO, and nuclear weapons are still crucial to the defense of the West; (3) remaining intermediate-range nuclear forces (INF) must be restructured following the INF treaty, in order to strengthen NATO INF capabilities and bolster this element of flexible response doctrine; (4) negotiations should cover the Atlantic-to-the-Urals region and lead to deep, asymmetrical cuts in offensive armor; and (5) arms control (both nuclear and conventional) must be integrated with NATO's broader strategic requirements.
NATO Strategy in the 1990s
Author: William Thomas Johnsen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Military planning
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Each April the Strategic Studies Institute hosts a conference that addresses key strategic issues facing the Armed Forces and the Nation. This year's theme, "Strategy During the Lean Years: Learning from the Past and the Present," brought together scholars, serving and retired military officers, and civilian defense officials from the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom to discuss strategy formulation in times of penury from Tacitus to Force XXI. Dr. William T. Johnsen, Elihu Root Chair of Military Studies at the U.S. Army War College and a former NATO staff officer, examines The Alliance's New Strategic Concept. Released in November 1991, the Strategic Concept represents NATO's response to the dramatically changed security environment in Europe, and the intense desire to reap the resultant "peace dividend." Dr. Johnsen argues that a close reading of the strategy and subsequent implementing initiatives refutes critics who claim that NATO has failed to respond adequately to Europe's new security conditions. The Strategic Concept dramatically expands the scope of the Alliance's security objectives and functions, takes NATO "out of area," and lays the foundation for massive forces cuts, as well as for a fundamental restructuring of Alliance military forces and command structures. In Dr. Johnsen's opinion, however, the Alliance has been less than successful in the practical implementation of its Strategic Concept. These difficulties stem predominately from confusion within the Alliance over NATO's ultimate function: Should it remain a collective defense organization or should it evolve into a collective security body? Dr. Johnsen argues that for the foreseeable future NATO must remain focused on collective defense.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Military planning
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Each April the Strategic Studies Institute hosts a conference that addresses key strategic issues facing the Armed Forces and the Nation. This year's theme, "Strategy During the Lean Years: Learning from the Past and the Present," brought together scholars, serving and retired military officers, and civilian defense officials from the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom to discuss strategy formulation in times of penury from Tacitus to Force XXI. Dr. William T. Johnsen, Elihu Root Chair of Military Studies at the U.S. Army War College and a former NATO staff officer, examines The Alliance's New Strategic Concept. Released in November 1991, the Strategic Concept represents NATO's response to the dramatically changed security environment in Europe, and the intense desire to reap the resultant "peace dividend." Dr. Johnsen argues that a close reading of the strategy and subsequent implementing initiatives refutes critics who claim that NATO has failed to respond adequately to Europe's new security conditions. The Strategic Concept dramatically expands the scope of the Alliance's security objectives and functions, takes NATO "out of area," and lays the foundation for massive forces cuts, as well as for a fundamental restructuring of Alliance military forces and command structures. In Dr. Johnsen's opinion, however, the Alliance has been less than successful in the practical implementation of its Strategic Concept. These difficulties stem predominately from confusion within the Alliance over NATO's ultimate function: Should it remain a collective defense organization or should it evolve into a collective security body? Dr. Johnsen argues that for the foreseeable future NATO must remain focused on collective defense.
A NATO Strategy for the 1990's
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on European Affairs
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Europe
Languages : en
Pages : 268
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Europe
Languages : en
Pages : 268
Book Description
U.S. National Security Strategy for the 1990s
Author: Daniel J. Kaufman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 292
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 292
Book Description
NATO in the 1990s
Author: Stanley R. Sloan
Publisher: Potomac Books
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 372
Book Description
At a time of change and challenge in the transatlantic relationship, the North Atlantic Assembly formed a special presidential committee to conduct a study of NATO's future. All of the committee's recomendations are aimed at promoting changes within the alliance and its policies to ensure that NATO continues to serve member countries in the future. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Publisher: Potomac Books
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 372
Book Description
At a time of change and challenge in the transatlantic relationship, the North Atlantic Assembly formed a special presidential committee to conduct a study of NATO's future. All of the committee's recomendations are aimed at promoting changes within the alliance and its policies to ensure that NATO continues to serve member countries in the future. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Alliance Strategy in the 1990s
Author: NATO Defence College
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 104
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 104
Book Description