A Literature Review of Methods to Determine Road User Costs in Construction Zones PDF Download
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Author: Richard S. Schnabel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Book Description
As freeway construction increases with the need to expand, repair and maintain the existing infrastructure, the desire to quantify the inconvenience or delay costs to the user of the freeway undergoing-construction has increased and become necessary to assist in determining total project impact costs and determine penalties or lane rentals to contractors. This paper will review critical variables which impact delay costs, delay avoidance strategies and various methods and models developed to quantifying these costs. Overall, the amount of research specifically in this area is limited as interest is just beginning to rise in quantifying these costs. However, numerous studies have been completed in the past in related areas which will be reviewed for their applicability to this project. State Departments of Transportation need to determine impact costs to develop freeway projects in the most cost effective manner. The methods used in project sequencing, scheduling, and work hours must provide the least impact to the traveling public without incurring excessive costs to the project. Businesses which rely on freeways to deliver their goods and services can be particularly impacted. The inability to deliver goods and services on time begins to have significant impacts in this era where - more companies are shifting to "just-in-time" delivery methods to reduce costs, particularly inventory storage costs. Companies with perishable goods are also at significant risk if these goods cannot be delivered to consumers with sufficient shelf live remaining. - Freeway users not involved in business are also impacted by construction delays. While these costs are much more difficult to quantify, the user definitely experiences frustration and a sense that time is being wasted while waiting to bypass constricted areas on the freeway.
Author: Richard S. Schnabel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Book Description
As freeway construction increases with the need to expand, repair and maintain the existing infrastructure, the desire to quantify the inconvenience or delay costs to the user of the freeway undergoing-construction has increased and become necessary to assist in determining total project impact costs and determine penalties or lane rentals to contractors. This paper will review critical variables which impact delay costs, delay avoidance strategies and various methods and models developed to quantifying these costs. Overall, the amount of research specifically in this area is limited as interest is just beginning to rise in quantifying these costs. However, numerous studies have been completed in the past in related areas which will be reviewed for their applicability to this project. State Departments of Transportation need to determine impact costs to develop freeway projects in the most cost effective manner. The methods used in project sequencing, scheduling, and work hours must provide the least impact to the traveling public without incurring excessive costs to the project. Businesses which rely on freeways to deliver their goods and services can be particularly impacted. The inability to deliver goods and services on time begins to have significant impacts in this era where - more companies are shifting to "just-in-time" delivery methods to reduce costs, particularly inventory storage costs. Companies with perishable goods are also at significant risk if these goods cannot be delivered to consumers with sufficient shelf live remaining. - Freeway users not involved in business are also impacted by construction delays. While these costs are much more difficult to quantify, the user definitely experiences frustration and a sense that time is being wasted while waiting to bypass constricted areas on the freeway.
Author: David Leonard Lewis
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
ISBN: 9780309068222
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Book Description
This synthesis report will be of interest to transportation agency planners; design, construction, and maintenance engineers; and administrators, managers, economists, and other decisionmakers involved in programming highway pavement projects. This synthesis describes current practice with regard to road user and mitigation costs in highway pavement projects. Information for the synthesis was collected by surveying U.S. and Canadian transportation agencies and by conducting a literature search of both domestic and foreign publications. This report of the Transportation Research Board provides detailed information on the various methods employed by transportation agencies to estimate user costs. The advantages and disadvantages of each are reported. Information on the various components of user costs (that is, time related, vehicle operating, safety, and environmental costs) is also included. In addition, the study reports on the various mitigation strategies available to agencies to reduce user costs. Information is also provided on how user costs and mitigation strategies have been applied to evaluate different alternatives; and how uncertainties, political considerations, and quality control contribute to the decisionmaking process.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Gary J. Fick
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
ISBN: 0309154782
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Book Description
This report will be of interest to state and local highway agency construction managers and contractors with regard to learning about best practices of time-related incentive and disincentive contract provisions and their effect on staffing levels, productivity, project cost, quality, contract administration, and the contractor's operations and innovations. The report also presents a decision process guide to use as a template for crafting the incentive/disincentive provisions.
Author: E. Nels Burns
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Book Description
Author: Yi Jiang
Publisher: Purdue University Press
ISBN: 9781622600564
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 114
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Book Description
This study was conducted to develop methodologies for appropriately determining the monetary values of I/D rates of highway construction projects in Indiana. In this study, a comprehensive literature review was performed to identify possible effective methodologies for work zone effects, construction impacts, and contract time optimization. The highway production rates were developed in a previous study. The production rates were validated and adjusted with the help from INDOT field engineers. The weigh-in-motion (WIM) collected traffic data were obtained, processed, and analyzed to provide input data for user cost calculations at highway work zones. Construction data were obtained and processed to develop the relationship between the construction cost and construction time. With the traffic and construction data, the methods for user cost calculations were developed as the basis of determining appropriate I/D rates. User costs resulting from traffic delays at Indiana highway work zones were analyzed. A series of equations for estimating user costs at work zones were developed. User cost calculation sheets using MS Excel were developed based on the traffic data on Indiana highway network. Finally, a method was developed to determine I/D rates based on the relationship between construction cost and construction time in combination with the estimated user costs at given work zones. Guidelines for developing A+B bidding and I/D provisions were provided.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Highway research
Languages : en
Pages : 508
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Book Description
Author: Michael Roy Adams
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
Work zones associated with highway construction projects create localized bottlenecks where the average traffic speed is reduced and queues are formed, thus causing increased costs as a result of the additional time and fuel needed to traverse the work zone. These user costs can be estimated and applied as a form of incentive to the contractor to complete the work sooner, thus allowing traffic to return to the free-flow speed. Methods to determine user costs are explored through a literature search, questionnaire survey, and interviews with employees of the Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT). Based on the research and interviews, a program named DUCK was developed to estimate the costs attributed to the reduction of speed through a work zone. A plan using DUCK and another program, DelayE, is recommended to UDOT, along with a description of these computer programs and how they estimate user costs.
Author: Jeffery Lynn Memmott
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Motor vehicles
Languages : en
Pages : 134
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Book Description
Author: United States Department of Transportation
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781508594406
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
On-site construction activities can result in significant mobility and safety impacts to road users. The presence of work zone can also result in inconvenience to local business and community, noise and environmental impacts. Minimizing the adverse impacts of work zones has become a higher priority especially since the inception of the FHWA Rule on Work Zone Safety and Mobility (23 CFR 630 Subpart J). Work zone road user costs (WZ RUC) provide the economic basis for quantifying these adverse impacts which can then be used for effective decision-making to improve work zone mobility and safety. This report provides practitioners with information on WZ RUC analysis concepts and their applications using case studies drawn from real world projects. WZ RUC primarily refers to monetized components of mobility and safety impacts; increasingly, non-monetary and qualitative components, such as environmental, business, and societal impacts, are being utilized. In this report, each of the monetary components is explored and the computations of these components are illustrated using examples. It presents step-by-step procedures to derive unit costs for monetary components. It lists the cost sources for each cost component as well as the ways to update those using economic indices. It also explores input requirements and various tools available for use in WZ RUC analysis. This report presents the application of both monetary and qualitative components of WZ RUC in MOT alternative analysis using a decision analysis framework. Another key application of WZ RUC is in selecting appropriate project delivery/contracting strategies to minimize WZ RUCs and related impacts through early project completion. Approaches for determining an appropriate level of incentives and disincentives are also discussed. Three “real-world” case studies from the Highways for LIFE program are presented to demonstrate the applications of WZ RUCs in selecting the preferred Maintenance of Traffic (MOT) alternatives and project delivery/contracting strategies.
