A Guide to Energy Savings Opportunities in the Kraft Pulp Industry PDF Download
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Author: AGRA Simons (Firm)
Publisher: Tappi Press
ISBN: 9781896742519
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 180
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Book Description
Gives the pulp and paper engineer a practical, concise, step-by-step approach to improve the energy efficiency of a kraft mill. Features energy audits, PAPTAC's annual energy conservation competition, and mill testimonials.
Author: AGRA Simons (Firm)
Publisher: Tappi Press
ISBN: 9781896742519
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 180
Get Book Here
Book Description
Gives the pulp and paper engineer a practical, concise, step-by-step approach to improve the energy efficiency of a kraft mill. Features energy audits, PAPTAC's annual energy conservation competition, and mill testimonials.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
The U.S. pulp and paper industry consumes over $7 billion worth of purchased fuels and electricity per year. Energy efficiency improvement is an important way to reduce these costs and to increase predictable earnings, especially in times of high energy price volatility. There are a variety of opportunities available at individual plants in the U.S. pulp and paper industry to reduce energy consumption in a cost-effective manner. This paper provides a brief overview of the U.S. EPA ENERGY STAR(R) for Industry energy efficiency guidebook (a.k.a. the"Energy Guide") for pulp and paper manufacturers. The Energy Guide discusses a wide range of energy efficiency practices and energy-efficient technologies that can be implemented at the component, process, facility, and organizational levels. Also provided is a discussion of the trends, structure, and energy consumption characteristics of the U.S. pulp and paper industry along with a description of the major process technologies used within the industry. Many energy efficiency measure descriptions include expected savings in energy and energy-related costs, based on case study data from real-world applications in pulp and paper mills and related industries worldwide. The information in this Energy Guide is intended to help energy and plant managers in the U.S. pulp and paper industry reduce energy consumption in a cost-effective manner while maintaining the quality of products manufactured. Further research on the economics of all measures?as well as on their applicability to different production practices?is needed to assess their cost effectiveness at individual plants.
Author: Andrew J. Ewing
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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Book Description
The production of paper is relatively energy-intensive: one ton of paper requires energy equivalent to about three quarters of a ton of oil in industrialized countries, and as much as 2-3 times this figure in developing countries. Although about one half of this energy requirement may be met by burning the waste products of the industry, the balance must be purchased. Faced with sharply rising energy costs in the 1970s, producers in the industrialized countries have shown that energy consumption in paper production can be substantially reduced, and that improving the efficiency of waste recovery can further decrease the requirement for purchased energy. The wide range of measures discussed in this paper include steps to improve internal energy efficiency through a variety of measures such as improved housekeeping, process modification, and water re-use, steps to improve waste utilization, and cogeneration. Preliminary analyses of the costs and benefits of such measures are included. The paper also describes the particular technical and other constraints which have so far tended to limit the introduction of similar energy-saving techniques in the pulp and paper industries of many developing countries.
Author: Ulrika Wising
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789172913370
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Book Description
The technical and economic conditions for reducing the energy consumption cost-efficiently and there by releasing a surplus of biomass fuel in the pulp and paper industry are changing. For example, new environmental restrictions increase the need for closed water loops and other system modifications, which can lead to increased opportunities for energy savings. Closing the water loops can however require that new processes be developed to remove non-process elements, and those processes are likely to increase the energy consumption. There has also been a deregulation of the power market, which creates new incentives and opportunities for cogeneration of electric power in the pulp and paper industry. Finally, energy policy instruments such as CO2 taxes, CO2 trading and long-term agreements between government and industry are intended to increase the incentive for industry to invest in energy saving projects. As a result of these new conditions, the degree of energy efficiency is likely to become a more strategic issue in the future for pulp mill operations. In order to achieve optimal cost-competitive operation, there is a need for a systematic approach to the system consequences when making the above-mentioned changes, also taking into account external factors, such as cost of fuel, power, etc.. Given this background, the objective of this thesis has been to perform overall energy system analysis for several green field mills and scenarios. The emphasis has been on understanding how the energy saving potential changes under different circumstances in the mill, i.e. the amount of warm and hot water produced, type of digester, etc.. The results show that there is between 1.0 and 2.2 GJ/air-dried metric tonne (GJ/t) of excess heat available in the model mills evaluated. Depending on the mill configuration, different amounts of live steam saving can be achieved, varying between 12 and 21% of the total live steam demand.
Author: Pratima Bajpai
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128034289
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 290
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Book Description
Pulp and Paper Industry: Energy Conservation presents a number of energy-efficient technologies and practices that are cost-effective and available for implementation today. Emerging energy-efficient technologies and future prospects in this field are also dealt with. Qualitative and quantitative results/data on energy savings for various steps of pulp and paper making process are presented. There is no specific book on this topic. This will be a comprehensive reference in the field. Thorough and in-depth coverage of energy-efficient technologies and practices in paper and pulp industry Presents cost-effective and available for implementation today technologies Discusses Biotechnological processes, especially enzymatic processes in the pulp and paper industry to reduce the energy consumption and improve the product quality Presents qualitative and quantitative results/data on energy savings for various steps of pulp and paper making process
Author: David William Francis
Publisher: Ressources naturelles Canada
ISBN:
Category : Paper mills
Languages : en
Pages : 64
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Book Description
To illustrate the potential to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, benchmarking studies were performed for the 2 largest production segments of the Canadian pulp and paper industry: kraft market pulp and newsprint. In each case the energy consumption for a modern mill was determined using current proven technology and compared with that for existing Canadian mills.
Author: Ellen F. Battle
Publisher: Calgary : Canadian Energy Research Institute
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 166
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Book Description
Investigation of changing energy use in the pulp and paper industry, using amill-specific database of energy inputs, by major product type bleachedkraft market pulp, and newsprint with integral suphite pulp. Data from1985 and 1986 are analyzed. Two types of energy index are specified: (1) a"Btu index" which aggregates all fuel types on the basis of their heat orenergy contents; and (2) a "Division quantity index" which weighs the contribution of each fuel type by its share of total energy expenditures. Results are compared with other types of industrial energy demand and withresults from an Energy, Mines and Resources Canada study and those from theCanadian Industry Program for Energy Conservation. A detailed methodologyis included.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Sponsored by the DOE Industrial Energy Efficiency Grand Challenge program, our research team at the Georgia Institute of Technology conducted laboratory studies and confirmed the concept of making wood pulp using a dry pulping technology. This technology is a new process different from any prior pulping technology used in Kraft and CTMP pulping. Three different kinds of dry pulping methods were investigated. (a) Dry Pulping at Atmospheric Pressure: The first one is to dry and bake the pretreated woodchips in a conventional oven at atmospheric pressure without the use of a catalyst. (b) Dry Pulping at Reduced Pressure: The second method is to dry the pretreated woodchips first in a vacuum oven in the presence of anthraquinone (AQ) as a pulping catalyst, followed by baking at elevated temperature. (c) Liquid Free Chemical Pulping, LFCP. The third method is to first remove the free water of pretreated woodchips, followed by dry pulping using a conventional Kraft pulping digester with AQ and triton as additives. Method one: Experimental results indicated that Dry Pulping at Atmospheric Pressure could produce pulp with higher brightness and lower bulk than conventional Kraft pulp. However, tensile strength of the acquired pulp is much lower than traditional Kraft pulp, and their Kappa number and energy consumption are higher than conventional Kraft pulp. By fully analyzing the results, we concluded that wood fibers might be damaged during the drying process at elevated temperature. The main reason for wood fiber damage is that a long drying time was used during evaporation of water from the woodchips. This resulted in an un-uniform reaction condition on the woodchips: the outside layer of the woodchips was over reacted while inside the woodchips did not reacted at all. To solve this problem, dry pulping at reduced pressure was investigated. Method two: To achieve uniform reaction throughout the entire reaction system, the water inside the pretreated woodchips was evaporated first under vacuum condition at low temperature. Then, the dry woodchips were baked at high temperature (120-130 C) at atmospheric pressure. The qualities of the pulp made with this method were improved compared to that made with method one. The pulp shows higher brightness and lower bulk than Kraft pulping. The tensile strength is significantly higher than the pulp made from the first method. Although the pulp is stronger than that of TMP pulp, it is still lower than conventional Kraft fiber. Method Three: The third dry method was done in a Kraft pulping digester at elevated pressure but without free liquid in the digester. With this method, pulp that has almost the same qualities as conventional Kraft pulp could be produced. The screen yield, Kappa number, fiber brightness, pulp strength and pulp bulk are almost identical to the conventional Kraft pulp. The key advantages of this dry pulping method include ca. 55 % of cooking energy saved during the pulping process, as high as 50 wt% of NaOH saving as well as 3 wt% of Na2S saving comparing to Kraft one. By analyzing fiber properties, yields, chemical and energy consumptions, we concluded that the dry pulping method based on Liquid Free Chemical Pulping, LFCP, could be very attractive for the pulp and paper industry. More fundamental studies and scale up trials are needed to fully commercialize the technology. We expect to conduct pilot trials between 12 to 24 months of period if the DOE or industry can provide continual research funding. Based on the technology we demonstrated in this report, several pilot trial facilities in the United States will be available after small modifications. For example, the Herty Foundation in Savannah, Georgia is one of these potential locations. DOE funding for continuous study and final lead to commercialization of the technique is important.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic journals
Languages : en
Pages : 528
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Book Description
Author: National Academy of Engineering and National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309173000
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
Industrial Environmental Performance Metrics is a corporate-focused analysis that brings clarity and practicality to the complex issues of environmental metrics in industry. The book examines the metrics implications to businesses as their responsibilities expand beyond the factory gateâ€"upstream to suppliers and downstream to products and services. It examines implications that arise from greater demand for comparability of metrics among businesses by the investment community and environmental interest groups. The controversy over what sustainable development means for businesses is also addressed. Industrial Environmental Performance Metrics identifies the most useful metrics based on case studies from four industriesâ€"automotive, chemical, electronics, and pulp and paperâ€"and includes specific corporate examples. It contains goals and recommendations for public and private sector players interested in encouraging the broader use of metrics to improve industrial environmental performance and those interested in addressing the tough issues of prioritization, weighting of metrics for meaningful comparability, and the longer term metrics needs presented by sustainable development.
