A General Model for Evaluation of Liquid Solid Contacting in Trickle Bed Reactors PDF Download
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Author: Karthik Balakrishnan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chemical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 7
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Book Description
Author: Karthik Balakrishnan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chemical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 7
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Book Description
Author: Arjan Van Houwelingen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Colorimetric analysis
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Author: Rita Joubert
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Hydrodynamic multiplicity in the trickle flow, or low interaction, regime is a well documented phenomenon. Multiple hydrodynamic states are often presented in the form of hysteresis loops where the hydrodynamic parameter studied are shown as a function of the operating history of the bed, i.e. liquid and gas flow rates. In extreme cases the lower leg, representing an increase in liquid flow rate on a pre-wetted and drained bed, is commonly referred to as the Levec mode. The upper extreme, referred to as the Kan-liquid mode, represents a decrease in liquid flow rate after operation in the high interaction regime. The many reported studies investigating liquid-solid mass transfer in trickle beds have generally used either the dissolution or electrochemical techniques. Numerous researchers have used their data to develop correlations predicting solid-liquid mass transfer coefficients. Most of these studies do not specify the multiplicity mode of operation. Only two studies (Sims et al. (1993) and Van der Merwe, Nicol & Al-Dahhan (2008)) use both the Levec and Kan-liquid operating modes. Both of these studies suggest that solid-liquid mass transfer also exhibit multiplicity behaviour although the trends suggested or speculated differ from each other. Sims et al. (1993) found that a Kan-liquid operated bed will outperform a Levec operated bed: however in contrast to this Van der Merwe et al. (2008) speculated that a Levec operated bed is better suited for liquid limited reactions due to enhanced liquid-solid mass transfer in the Levec mode as a result of faster interstitial velocity. This study showed that solid-liquid mass transfer coefficients, measured with both the dissolution and electrochemical technique, show multiplicity behaviour. Two distinct operating regions were found, which corresponds to the Levec and Kan-liquid modes. Measurements taken using the electrochemical technique yielded solid-liquid mass transfer coefficients larger than those measured using the dissolution method. The experimental results agree with the trend found by Sims et al. (1993) but the mass transfer coefficients in this study were significantly lower. Additionally it was shown that the difference in mass transfer coefficients, in the two modes, cannot be explained by merely compensating for the differences in wetting efficiency and interstitial velocity, suggesting that the Levec mode has a larger percentage of stagnant or poorly irrigated zones. It was also shown that mass transfer coefficients measured at the top of the column is higher than those measured at the bottom, suggesting that the flow structure is changing as a function of axial length. Lastly, with regards to electrochemical measurements of liquid-solid mass transfer, it was shown that measurements using a single particle electrode compared well to that of a multiple packing electrode.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chemical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 954
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Author: Sunil S Joshi
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128016701
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 784
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Book Description
Industrial Catalytic Processes for Fine and Specialty Chemicals provides a comprehensive methodology and state-of-the art toolbox for industrial catalysis. The book begins by introducing the reader to the interesting, challenging, and important field of catalysis and catalytic processes. The fundamentals of catalysis and catalytic processes are fully covered before delving into the important industrial applications of catalysis and catalytic processes, with an emphasis on green and sustainable technologies. Several case studies illustrate new and sustainable ways of designing catalysts and catalytic processes. The intended audience of the book includes researchers in academia and industry, as well as chemical engineers, process development chemists, and technologists working in chemical industries and industrial research laboratories. - Discusses the fundamentals of catalytic processes, catalyst preparation and characterization, and reaction engineering - Outlines the homogeneous catalytic processes as they apply to specialty chemicals - Introduces industrial catalysis and catalytic processes for fine chemicals - Includes a number of case studies to demonstrate the various processes and methods for designing green catalysts
Author: Nikolai Kolev
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080463924
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 709
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Book Description
Packed bed columns are largely employed for absorption, desorption, rectification and direct heat transfer processes in chemical and food industry, environmental protection and also processes in thermal power stations like water purification, flue gas heat utilization and SO2 removal. These Separation processes, are estimated to account for 40%-70% of capital and operating costs in process industry. Packed bed columns are widely employed in this area. Their usage also for direct heat transfer between gas and liquid, enlarge their importance. They are the best apparatuses, from thermodynamical point of view, for mass and heat transfer processes between gas and liquid phase. Their wide spreading is due to low capital investments and operating costs. Since 1995 there has not been published a specialised book in this area, and this is a period of quick development of packed columns. Packed Bed Columns reflects the state of this field including the author's experience on creating and investigating of new packings, column internals and industrial columns. - Considers the theories of mass transfer processes and shows how they help the construction of highly effective packings - Complete information about the performance characteristics of different modern types of highly effective packings - Considers the models for calculation and areas of their application
Author: Vivek V. Ranade
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080931448
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 285
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Book Description
This book provides a hybrid methodology for engineering of trickle bed reactors by integrating conventional reaction engineering models with state-of-the-art computational flow models. The content may be used in several ways and at various stages in the engineering process: it may be used as a basic resource for making appropriate reactor engineering decisions in practice; as study material for a course on reactor design, operation, or optimization of trickle bed reactors; or in solving practical reactor engineering problems. The authors assume some background knowledge of reactor engineering and numerical techniques. - Facilitates development of high fidelity models for industrial applications - Facilitates selection and application of appropriate models - Guides development and application of computational models to trickle beds
Author: P. A. Ramachandran
Publisher: Gordon & Breach Publishing Group
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 448
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Book Description
Author: American Chemical Society. Committee on Professional Training
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chemical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1294
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Book Description
Author: David Reay
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 0080983057
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 624
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Book Description
Process Intensification: Engineering for Efficiency, Sustainability and Flexibility is the first book to provide a practical working guide to understanding process intensification (PI) and developing successful PI solutions and applications in chemical process, civil, environmental, energy, pharmaceutical, biological, and biochemical systems. Process intensification is a chemical and process design approach that leads to substantially smaller, cleaner, safer, and more energy efficient process technology. It improves process flexibility, product quality, speed to market and inherent safety, with a reduced environmental footprint. This book represents a valuable resource for engineers working with leading-edge process technologies, and those involved research and development of chemical, process, environmental, pharmaceutical, and bioscience systems. - No other reference covers both the technology and application of PI, addressing fundamentals, industry applications, and including a development and implementation guide - Covers hot and high growth topics, including emission prevention, sustainable design, and pinch analysis - World-class authors: Colin Ramshaw pioneered PI at ICI and is widely credited as the father of the technology
