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Author: Norman Frederiksen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 13
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Book Description
Much of the research in cognitive science has been concerned with identifying and describing the information processing skills and knowledge that are involved in problem solving and in acquiring an understanding of an area of expertise. In applying this knowledge to the management of instruction, it would seem desirable to devise ways of monitoring change in cognitive skills by collecting information about levels of development of automatic processing of basic procedures, the nature of the students' knowledge structures, and the adequacy of his/her problem-solving control strategies. Conventional psychometric methods fail to yield such diagnostic information. The purpose of this project was to call attention to the need for diagnostic monitoring of skill and knowledge acquisition during the instructional process and to provide some examples of methods for obtaining such information. A conference was organized to discuss the implications of cognitive science for the assessment of learning, with the expectation that the presentations would be revised and extended for publication in book form. (SDW).
Author: Norman Frederiksen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 13
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Book Description
Much of the research in cognitive science has been concerned with identifying and describing the information processing skills and knowledge that are involved in problem solving and in acquiring an understanding of an area of expertise. In applying this knowledge to the management of instruction, it would seem desirable to devise ways of monitoring change in cognitive skills by collecting information about levels of development of automatic processing of basic procedures, the nature of the students' knowledge structures, and the adequacy of his/her problem-solving control strategies. Conventional psychometric methods fail to yield such diagnostic information. The purpose of this project was to call attention to the need for diagnostic monitoring of skill and knowledge acquisition during the instructional process and to provide some examples of methods for obtaining such information. A conference was organized to discuss the implications of cognitive science for the assessment of learning, with the expectation that the presentations would be revised and extended for publication in book form. (SDW).
Author: Norman Frederiksen
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136564241
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 529
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Book Description
An adjunct to the increased emphasis on developing students' critical thinking and higher order skills is the need for methods to monitor and evaluate these abilities. These papers provide insight into current techniques and examine possibilities for the future. The contributors to Diagnostic Monitoring of Skill and Knowledge Acquisition focus on two beliefs: that new kinds of tests and assessment methods are needed; and that instruction and learning can be improved by developing new assessment methods based on work in cognitive science.
Author: Paul D. Nichols
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136483861
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 470
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Book Description
During the past two or three decades, research in cognitive science and psychology has yielded an improved understanding of the fundamental psychological nature of knowledge and cognitive skills that psychological testing attempts to measure. These theories have reached sufficient maturity, making it reasonable to look upon them to provide a sound theoretical foundation for assessment, particulary for the content of assessments. This fact, combined with much discontentedness over current testing practices, has inspired efforts to bring testing and cognitive theory together to create a new theoretical framework for psychological testing -- a framework developed for diagnosing learners' differences rather than for ranking learners based on their differences. This volume presents some initial accomplishments in the effort to bring testing and cognitive theory together. Contributors originate from both of the relevant research communities -- cognitive research and psychometric theory. Some represent collaborations between representatives of the two communities; others are efforts to reach out in the direction of the other community. Taking fundamentally different forms, psychometric test theory assumes that knowledge can be represented in terms of one or at most a few dimensions, whereas modern cognitive theory typically represents knowledge in networks -- either networks of conceptual relationships or the transition networks of production systems. Cognitively diagnostic assessment is a new enterprise and it is evident that many challenging problems remain to be addressed. Still, it is already possible to develop highly productive interactions between assessment and instruction in both automated tutoring systems and more conventional classrooms. The editors hope that the chapters presented here show how the reform of assessment can take a rigorous path.
Author: Mitchell Rabinowitz
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135651507
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 230
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Book Description
This book is about empirically tested knowledge and principles that inform the design of instructional and evaluation systems, and the use and promise of media and technology within such systems. Historically, psychology has informed the design of instructional and evaluation systems in different ways. A behavioral perspective emphasizes the role of the environment in determining behavior--a factor external to the learner. A cognitive perspective focuses on the role of cognitive processing and constraints in determining learning--factors that are internal to the learner. This volume presents the affordances approach--which addresses how the environment and the affordances within it interact with cognitive processes to determine learning. Insights into this interaction are presented. It is the book's contention that the affordance approach represents an advancement over the behavioral and cognitive perspectives; it is an evolution within the cognitive approach--not an alternative to it. The Design of Instruction and Evaluation: Affordances of Using Media and Technology is intended for education practitioners responsible for the implementation of media and technology in classrooms, for researchers and faculty, and for use as a text in courses on media and technology use in educational settings, instructional design, and psychology of learning.
Author: Marshall J. Farr
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136548009
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 293
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Book Description
This text records the dramatic new prospects for computers in instruction in school, the workplace and high technology research facilities. If offers teachers and trainers a vision of how their professions will be fundamentally altered by these new systems and how their roles will be changed. The challenges and opportunities exposed by these developments in intelligent instruction by computer are many. Topics discussed include: apprenticeship and training in the workplace; automated tutoring in interactive environment; two approaches to simulation composition for training; and transfer, adaption, and use of intelligent tutoring technology.
Author: Danielle S. McNamara
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 0805859675
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 538
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Book Description
First Published in 2007. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Author: Erik M. Altmann
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1135640793
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 586
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Book Description
This book documents the proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (ICCM), which brought together researchers from diverse backgrounds to compare cognitive models; evaluate models using human data; and further the development, accumulation, and integration of cognitive theory. ICCM provides a worldwide forum for cognitive scientists who build computational cognitive models and test them against empirical cognitive data. New features of the conference included the Newell Award for best student paper, the Siegel-Wolf Award for best applied research paper, and a Doctoral Consortium which provided an opportunity for students to meet their peers and mentors and to explore their dissertation work in an intense but friendly, multi-approach environment. These new features, as well as a comprehensive view of the posters presented at the conference are offered in this volume.
Author: David B. Sawyer
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9027295689
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 332
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Book Description
The author offers an overview of the Interpreting Studies literature on curriculum and assessment. A discussion of curriculum definitions, foundations, and guidelines suggests a framework based upon scientific and humanistic approaches – curriculum as process and as interaction. Language testing concepts are introduced and related to interpreting. By exploring means of integrating valid and reliable assessment into the curriculum, the author breaks new ground in this under-researched area.Case studies of degree examinations provide sample data on pass/fail rates, test criteria, and text selection. A curriculum model is outlined as a practical example of synthesis, flexibility, and streamlining. This volume will appeal to interpretation and translation instructors, program administrators, and language industry professionals seeking a discussion of the theoretical and practical aspects of curriculum and assessment theory. This book also presents a new area of application for curriculum and language testing specialists.
Author: Joyelle Harris
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9533076925
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 191
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Book Description
Millions of people throughout the world currently depend on appropriate, timely shocks from implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) to avoid sudden death due to cardiovascular malfunctions. Therefore, information regarding the use, applications, and clinical relevance of ICDs is imperative for expanding the body of knowledge used to prevent and manage fatal cardiovascular behavior. As such, the apt and timely research contained in this book will prove both relevant to current ICD usage and valuable in helping advance ICD technology. This book is divided into three comprehensive sections in order to cover several areas of ICD research. The first section introduces defibrillator technology, discusses determinants for successful defibrillation, and explores assessments of patients who receive defibrillation. The next section talks about predicting, preventing, and managing near catastrophic cardiovascular events, and research presented in the final section examine special cases in ICD patients and explore information that can be learned through clinical trial examinations of patients with defibrillators. Each chapter of this book will help answer critical questions about ICDs.
Author: Anthony Jameson
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3709126703
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 447
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Book Description
User modeling researchers look for ways of enabling interactive software systems to adapt to their users-by constructing, maintaining, and exploiting user models, which are representations of properties of individual users. User modeling has been found to enhance the effectiveness and/or usability of software systems in a wide variety of situations. Techniques for user modeling have been developed and evaluated by researchers in a number of fields, including artificial intelligence, education, psychology, linguistics, human-computer interaction, and information science. The biennial series of International Conferences on User Modeling provides a forum in which academic and industrial researchers from all of these fields can exchange their complementary insights on user modeling issues. The published proceedings of these conferences represent a major source of information about developments in this area.
