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Author: Aria Ansari Ashlaghi
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781339292793
Category : Data transmission systems
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
Abstract: of optical fiber over previous methods is to have higher capacity of data rate transmission. The conventional types of modulation and demodulation technique, which have been used through optical fiber communication system are Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technique and Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) technique so far. In this thesis, the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is applied through the modulation and demodulation parts due to some advantages over WDM and DWDM to reach to 100 Gbps data transmission. The main advantage of OFDM-optical fiber is that it only needs one optical source to modulate and one optical source to demodulate the signals at transmitter side and receiver side, which results in a reduction of the cost of the system. Also, by using the OFDM, the chromatic dispersion can be eliminated or decreased.
Author: Aria Ansari Ashlaghi
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781339292793
Category : Data transmission systems
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
Abstract: of optical fiber over previous methods is to have higher capacity of data rate transmission. The conventional types of modulation and demodulation technique, which have been used through optical fiber communication system are Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technique and Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) technique so far. In this thesis, the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is applied through the modulation and demodulation parts due to some advantages over WDM and DWDM to reach to 100 Gbps data transmission. The main advantage of OFDM-optical fiber is that it only needs one optical source to modulate and one optical source to demodulate the signals at transmitter side and receiver side, which results in a reduction of the cost of the system. Also, by using the OFDM, the chromatic dispersion can be eliminated or decreased.
Author: Dr. Ashad Ullah Qureshi
Publisher: Concepts Books Publication
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 30
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Book Description
Optical fiber communication has emerged as a high potential substitute for communication methods such as twisted pair and coaxial wire. The main advantage of optical fiber over previous methods is to have higher capacity of data rate transmission. The conventional types of modulation and demodulation technique, which have been used through optical fiber communication system are Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technique and Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) technique so far.
Author: Daniel Jose Fernandes Barros
Publisher: Stanford University
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Book Description
The drive towards higher spectral efficiency and maximum power efficiency in optical systems has generated renewed interest in the optimization of optical transceivers. In this work, we study the different optical applications: Wide Area Networks (WANs), Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs), Local Area Networks (LANs) and Personal Area Networks (PANs). In WANs or long-haul systems, orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) can compensate for linear distortions, such as group-velocity dispersion (GVD) and polarization-mode dispersion (PMD), provided the cyclic prefix is sufficiently long. Typically, GVD is dominant, as it requires a longer cyclic prefix. Assuming coherent detection, we show how to analytically compute the minimum number of subcarriers and cyclic prefix length required to achieve a specified power penalty, trading off power penalties from the cyclic prefix and from residual inter-symbol interference (ISI) and inter-carrier interference (ICI). We derive an analytical expression for the power penalty from residual ISI and ICI. We also show that when nonlinear effects are present in the fiber, single-carrier with digital equalization outperforms OFDM for various dispersion maps. We also study the impairments of electrical to optical conversion when using Mach-Zehnder (MZ) modulators. OFDM has a high peak-to-average ratio (PAR), which can result in low optical power efficiency when modulated through a Mach-Zehnder (MZ) modulator. In addition, the nonlinear characteristic of the MZ can cause significant distortion on the OFDM signal, leading to in-band intermodulation products between subcarriers. We show that a quadrature MZ with digital pre-distortion and hard clipping is able to overcome the previous impairments. We consider quantization noise and compute the minimum number of bits required in the digital-to-analog converter (D/A). Finally, we discuss a dual-drive MZ as a simpler alternative for the OFDM modulator, but our results show that it requires a higher oversampling ratio to achieve the same performance as the quadrature MZ. In MANs, we discuss the use OFDM for combating GVD effects in amplified direct-detection (DD) systems using single-mode fiber. We review known direct-detection OFDM techniques, including asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM (ACO-OFDM), DC-clipped OFDM (DC-OFDM) and single-sideband OFDM (SSB-OFDM), and derive a linearized channel model for each technique. We present an iterative procedure to achieve optimum power allocation for each OFDM technique, since there is no closed-form solution for amplified DD systems. For each technique, we minimize the optical power required to transmit at a given bit rate and normalized GVD by iteratively adjusting the bias and optimizing the power allocation among the subcarriers. We verify that SSB-OFDM has the best optical power efficiency among the different OFDM techniques. We compare these OFDM techniques to on-off keying (OOK) with maximum-likelihood sequence detection (MLSD) and show that SSB-OFDM can achieve the same optical power efficiency as OOK with MLSD, but at the cost of requiring twice the electrical bandwidth and also a complex quadrature modulator. We compare the computational complexity of the different techniques and show that SSB-OFDM requires fewer operations per bit than OOK with MLSD. In LANs, we compare the performance of several OFDM schemes to that of OOK in combating modal dispersion in multimode fiber links. We review known OFDM techniques using intensity modulation with direct detection (IM/DD), including DC-OFDM, ACO-OFDM and pulse-amplitude modulated discrete multitone (PAM-DMT). We describe an iterative procedure to achieve optimal power allocation for DC-OFDM, and compare analytically the performance of ACO-OFDM and PAM-DMT. We also consider unipolar M-ary pulse-amplitude modulation (M-PAM) with minimum mean-square error decision-feedback equalization (MMSE-DFE). For each technique, we quantify the optical power required to transmit at a given bit rate in a variety of multimode fibers. For a given symbol rate, we find that unipolar M-PAM with MMSE-DFE has a better power performance than all OFDM formats. Furthermore, we observe that the difference in performance between M-PAM and OFDM increases as the spectral efficiency increases. We also find that at a spectral efficiency of 1 bit/symbol, OOK performs better than ACO-OFDM using a symbol rate twice that of OOK. At higher spectral efficiencies, M-PAM performs only slightly better than ACO-OFDM using twice the symbol rate, but requires less electrical bandwidth and can employ analog-to-digital converters at a speed only 81% of that required for ACO-OFDM. In PANs, we evaluate the performance of the three IM/DD OFDM schemes in combating multipath distortion in indoor optical wireless links, comparing them to unipolar M-PAM with MMSE-DFE. For each modulation method, we quantify the received electrical SNR required at a given bit rate on a given channel, considering an ensemble of 170 indoor wireless channels. When using the same symbol rate for all modulation methods, M-PAM with MMSE-DFE has better performance than any OFDM format over a range of spectral efficiencies, with the advantage of M-PAM increasing at high spectral efficiency. ACO-OFDM and PAM-DMT have practically identical performance at any spectral efficiency. They are the best OFDM formats at low spectral efficiency, whereas DC-OFDM is best at high spectral efficiency. When ACO-OFDM or PAM-DMT are allowed to use twice the symbol rate of M-PAM, these OFDM formats have better performance than M-PAM. When channel state information is unavailable at the transmitter, however, M-PAM significantly outperforms all OFDM formats. When using the same symbol rate for all modulation methods, M-PAM requires approximately three times more computational complexity per processor than all OFDM formats and 63% faster analog-to-digital converters, assuming oversampling ratios of 1.23 and 2 for ACO-OFDM and M-PAM, respectively. When OFDM uses twice the symbol rate of M-PAM, OFDM requires 23% faster analog-to-digital converters than M-PAM but OFDM requires approximately 40% less computational complexity than M-PAM per processor.
Author: Yingkan Chen
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783843929295
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Ivan Kaminow
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 012397237X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1139
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Book Description
Optical Fiber Telecommunications VI (A&B) is the sixth in a series that has chronicled the progress in the R&D of lightwave communications since the early 1970s. Written by active authorities from academia and industry, this edition brings a fresh look to many essential topics, including devices, subsystems, systems and networks. A central theme is the enabling of high-bandwidth communications in a cost-effective manner for the development of customer applications. These volumes are an ideal reference for R&D engineers and managers, optical systems implementers, university researchers and students, network operators, and investors. Volume A is devoted to components and subsystems, including photonic integrated circuits, multicore and few-mode fibers, photonic crystals, silicon photonics, signal processing, and optical interconnections. Volume B is devoted to systems and networks, including advanced modulation formats, coherent detection, Tb/s channels, space-division multiplexing, reconfigurable networks, broadband access, undersea cable, satellite communications, and microwave photonics. All the latest technologies and techniques for developing future components and systems Edited by two winners of the highly prestigious OSA/IEEE John Tyndal award and a President of IEEE's Lasers & Electro-Optics Society (7,000 members) Written by leading experts in the field, it is the most authoritative and comprehensive reference on optical engineering on the market
Author: Xiang Zhou
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118714962
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 649
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Book Description
Enabling Technologies for High Spectral-efficiency Coherent Optical Communication Networks Presents the technological advancements that enable high spectral-efficiency and high-capacity fiber-optic communication systems and networks This book examines key technology advances in high spectral-efficiency fiber-optic communication systems and networks, enabled by the use of coherent detection and digital signal processing (DSP). The first of this book’s 16 chapters is a detailed introduction. Chapter 2 reviews the modulation formats, while Chapter 3 focuses on detection and error correction technologies for coherent optical communication systems. Chapters 4 and 5 are devoted to Nyquist-WDM and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM). In chapter 6, polarization and nonlinear impairments in coherent optical communication systems are discussed. The fiber nonlinear effects in a non-dispersion-managed system are covered in chapter 7. Chapter 8 describes linear impairment equalization and Chapter 9 discusses various nonlinear mitigation techniques. Signal synchronization is covered in Chapters 10 and 11. Chapter 12 describes the main constraints put on the DSP algorithms by the hardware structure. Chapter 13 addresses the fundamental concepts and recent progress of photonic integration. Optical performance monitoring and elastic optical network technology are the subjects of Chapters 14 and 15. Finally, Chapter 16 discusses spatial-division multiplexing and MIMO processing technology, a potential solution to solve the capacity limit of single-mode fibers. Contains basic theories and up-to-date technology advancements in each chapter Describes how capacity-approaching coding schemes based on low-density parity check (LDPC) and spatially coupled LDPC codes can be constructed by combining iterative demodulation and decoding Demonstrates that fiber nonlinearities can be accurately described by some analytical models, such as GN-EGN model Presents impairment equalization and mitigation techniques Enabling Technologies for High Spectral-efficiency Coherent Optical Communication Networks is a reference for researchers, engineers, and graduate students.
Author: Juerg Leuthold
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128060816
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 91
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Book Description
New pulse-shaping techniques allow for optical multiplexing with highest spectral efficiencies. We introduce the general theory of orthogonal pulse-shaping and then discuss with more emphasis the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and Nyquist frequency division multiplexing schemes. Subsequently, we show that rectangularly shaped pulses as used for OFDM can mathematically be treated by the Fourier transform. This leads us to the theory of the time-discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and to a discussion of practical implementations of the DFT and its inverse in the optical domain. The chapter is concluded with exemplary implementations of OFDM transceivers that relay either on direct pulse-shaping or the DFT approaches.
Author: S. Chandrasekhar
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128060751
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 64
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Book Description
Optical superchannel transmission has recently attracted much research and development effort, aiming to increase the capacity and cost-effectiveness of wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) systems. The use of superchannels avoids the electronic bottleneck via optical parallelism, and provides high per-channel data rate and better spectral utilization, especially in transparent mesh optical networks. This chapter reviews recent advances in the generation, detection, and transmission of optical superchannels with channel data rates on the order of Terabits/s. Multiplexing schemes such as optical orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing (O-OFDM) and Nyquist WDM are described, in conjunction with modulation schemes such as OFDM and Nyquist-filtered single-carrier modulation. Superchannel transmission performance is discussed. Finally, networking implications brought by the use of superchannels, such as flexible-grid WDM, are also discussed.
Author: Ye Geoffrey Li
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387302352
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Book Description
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing for Wireless Communications is an edited volume with contributions by leading authorities in the subject of OFDM. Its coverage consists of principles, important wireless topics (e.g. Synchronization, channel estimation, etc.) and techniques. Included is information for advancing wireless communication in a multipath environment with an emphasis on implementation of OFDM in base stations. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing for Wireless Communications provides a comprehensive introduction of the theory and practice of OFDM. To facilitate the readers, extensive subject indices and references are given at the end of the book. Even though each chapter is written by different experts, symbols and notations in all chapters of the book are consistent.
Author: Gp Capt KS Mathur (Retd.)
Publisher: Blue Rose Publishers
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 742
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Book Description
Your comprehensive guide to Fiber Optics Fundamentals and advancements taking place in this field… Synopsis This book provides solid base in fiber optics communications for B Tech and M Tech students and also for practicing engineers and research scholars in this field. The book contains more than 650 illustrations which give a comprehensive coverage of the technology involved in the fiber optics communications. This book gives an in-depth coverage of: Telecommunications fundamentals optical fiber transmission characteristics optical fiber manufacturing and cables Signal degradation (distortion) in optical fibers optical fiber nonlinearities and their management optical sources and receivers optical amplifiers SONET/SDH, OTN, DWDM, OFDM and Super Channels connectors and couplers fiber optic link design optical networks and cloud computing review of fiber optic sensors and their applications (Fiber optics sensors are altogether a different field in latest sensor technology) Advance technologies in fiber optics communications covering FTTH technologies, OTDR, Nanophotonics, Low signal latency in optical fibers and fabrication and simulation of optical fibers and their optical parameters by Opti-Wave software.
