Why is Unemployment Low in the Former Soviet Union? PDF Download
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Author: Simon Commander
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Manpower planning
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Author: Simon Commander
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Manpower planning
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Author: Simon John Commander
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
June 1996The authors explain why in the Former Soviet Union (FSU) - especially Russia - unemployment has remained low and employment in state and privatized firms has remained high, while at the same time the informal or unofficial economy has grown swiftly. They trace this development to a combination of factors, including the control regime of state and privatized firms, the nature of worker compensation, and privatized firms, and the nature of subsidies or financial supports that firms continue to receive. Firms have remained the primary site for social protection. Subsidies for social benefits have effectively been a subsidy to employment and have promoted the workers' continuing attachment to these firms. Partly because the subsidies still flow and partly because of the firms' internal control structure, firms have held back on shedding labor. Firms typically work at low capacity. Instead of laying workers off, they significantly cut hours and wages, sometimes through wage arrears. The share of worker compensation that is nonmonetary had grown during the transition, and is significant. So workers search for additional sources of income, either moonlight or get involved in the informal economy. Why has this happened? Privatization has so far failed to keep firms from behaving as if they have important social responsibilities. Managers may have more discretion in decisionmaking, but seem to be reluctant to fire workers. This reluctance reflects various pressures, including insider coalitions and pressure from local and federal governments to limit the flow to unemployment. One factor may be the need to keep workers cooperative and possibly repel outsider interest. And in the FSU, many firms continue to operate under soft budget constraints, so they are under less pressure to reduce employment levels than firms in Eastern and Central Europe. The authors show that under certain conditions if the subsidy to insider-dominated firms disappears, those firms will scale down employment and the provision of benefits. In a firm with two divisions - one that produces and one that provides benefits - the dominant (producing) division will tend to close down the benefits-providing division if the firm assumes a simple majority decision rule.
Author: Simon Commander
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
June 1996 The authors explain why in the Former Soviet Union (FSU) - especially Russia - unemployment has remained low and employment in state and privatized firms has remained high, while at the same time the informal or unofficial economy has grown swiftly. They trace this development to a combination of factors, including the control regime of state and privatized firms, the nature of worker compensation, and privatized firms, and the nature of subsidies or financial supports that firms continue to receive. Firms have remained the primary site for social protection. Subsidies for social benefits have effectively been a subsidy to employment and have promoted the workers' continuing attachment to these firms. Partly because the subsidies still flow and partly because of the firms' internal control structure, firms have held back on shedding labor. Firms typically work at low capacity. Instead of laying workers off, they significantly cut hours and wages, sometimes through wage arrears. The share of worker compensation that is nonmonetary had grown during the transition, and is significant. So workers search for additional sources of income, either moonlight or get involved in the informal economy. Why has this happened? Privatization has so far failed to keep firms from behaving as if they have important social responsibilities. Managers may have more discretion in decisionmaking, but seem to be reluctant to fire workers. This reluctance reflects various pressures, including insider coalitions and pressure from local and federal governments to limit the flow to unemployment. One factor may be the need to keep workers cooperative and possibly repel outsider interest. And in the FSU, many firms continue to operate under soft budget constraints, so they are under less pressure to reduce employment levels than firms in Eastern and Central Europe. The authors show that under certain conditions if the subsidy to insider-dominated firms disappears, those firms will scale down employment and the provision of benefits. In a firm with two divisions - one that produces and one that provides benefits - the dominant (producing) division will tend to close down the benefits-providing division if the firm assumes a simple majority decision rule.
Author: Simon Commander
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Desempleo - Union Sovietica
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Book Description
Author: David Granick
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521332958
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Book Description
The book is concerned with the right of an employee of a Soviet state enterprise to keep his existing job, unless he/she voluntarily quit it to search for another, and with the maintaining of overfull employment in all regional labor markets of the Soviet Union. The author hypothesises that over most other objectives to preserving these conditions favorable for labor. This hypothesis is contrasted with that which explains the low unemployment and low dismissal rate in the Soviet Union simply by the oberheating of the economy, finding a parallel here with capitalist economies in high-boom periods. The novelty of the book is twofold. It is the first examination of the Soviet economy from the theoretic viewpoint described above. Second, it is a full length treatment of labor markets in the Soviet Union and is the first study of such markets since that of Abram Bergson published in the 1940s. Indeed, no similar treatment of labor markets exists for any centrally planned socialist economy.
Author: Al Rainnie
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 0415249422
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 290
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Book Description
This collection brings together a series of essays by leading international scholars highlighting the varied and complex forms which work and employment restructuring are taking in the post-Soviet world.
Author: Paolo Verme
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 100011399X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
This title was first published in 2001: Exploring the relationship between the recession and labour supply in Kazakhstan during the 1990s, this volume develops an innovative new model of the transitional process in the context of the CIS. It departs from conventional economic models explaining the process of transition, transferring the focus of attention from labour demand to labour supply with a view to clarifying how the transitional recession has affected households and, in turn, how these changes modified the supply of labour. Paolo Verme examines how the dynamic of the reallocation of labour between state and private enterprises has been drastically altered by the growth of self-employment and also takes a much-needed look at the contribution of other factors, offering an original explanation of this most important economic phenomenon.
Author: Charles Walker
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136873619
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
This book explores the changing nature of growing-up working-class in post-Soviet Russia in a time of economic reform. Based on extensive research, it analyses the strategies of contemporary vocational education graduates and highlights their significance for wider processes of social change and social stratification in post-Soviet Russia.
Author:
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 376
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Book Description
