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Author: Ian Lienert
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
The real effective exchange rate (REER) is the most commonly used measure for assessing international competitiveness. We develop a methodology to estimate the REER that incorporates two distinctive elements that are not considered in the current literature and apply it to the Mediterranean Quartet (MQ) of Greece, Italy, Portugal, and Spain, whose common pattern of real appreciation has created concern in policy and academic circles. The two elements that we add to the existing literature are (i) product heterogeneity when identifying each country's international competitors and their weights and (ii) a comprehensive treatment of services exports. Our refined measure suggests a modest reduction in the observed REER gap between the MQ countries and the other euro area countries. In particular, considering product heterogeneity and services exports implies a lower real appreciation from 1998 to 2006 on the order of 2-3 percent for all MQ countries. These are difference-in-difference estimates relative to the results obtained for the rest of the euro area countries using the same methodology.
Author: Ian Lienert
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
The real effective exchange rate (REER) is the most commonly used measure for assessing international competitiveness. We develop a methodology to estimate the REER that incorporates two distinctive elements that are not considered in the current literature and apply it to the Mediterranean Quartet (MQ) of Greece, Italy, Portugal, and Spain, whose common pattern of real appreciation has created concern in policy and academic circles. The two elements that we add to the existing literature are (i) product heterogeneity when identifying each country's international competitors and their weights and (ii) a comprehensive treatment of services exports. Our refined measure suggests a modest reduction in the observed REER gap between the MQ countries and the other euro area countries. In particular, considering product heterogeneity and services exports implies a lower real appreciation from 1998 to 2006 on the order of 2-3 percent for all MQ countries. These are difference-in-difference estimates relative to the results obtained for the rest of the euro area countries using the same methodology.
Author: Ian Lienert
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Ezra Suleiman
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000232662
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 401
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Book Description
This book suggests some of the ways in which levels of development shape public sector reform and privatization in developed and developing countries, showing that conservative as well as socialist governments were committed to increasing the state's guiding role in the political economy.
Author: Jan-Erik Lane
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 9780761967491
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 374
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Book Description
The Third Edition of this successful textbook introduces students to the major concepts, models, and approaches surrounding the public sector. Now fully updated to include coverage of the New Public Management (NPM), The Public Sector is the most comprehensive textbook on theories of public policy and public administration. The Public Sector is introduced within a three-part framework: public resource allocation, redistribution and regulation. Jan-Erik Lane explains the basic concepts of each of these broad areas, and goes on to examine their consequences for various approaches to the making and implementation of public policy. The book explores models of management, effectiveness and
Author: William H. Peterson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Capitalism
Languages : en
Pages : 23
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Book Description
Author: Lance Taylor
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Jan-Erik Lane
Publisher: Sage Publications (CA)
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
Presents the main theories of policy-making, implementation and management in the modern state, stating their pros and cons from a theoretical point of view.
Author: Diego Monferrer Tirado
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
ISBN: 9781685071844
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
In the context of the economic crisis, governments are under increased pressure to find quick answers to hard questions about maintaining public services and funding infrastructure. Public-Private Partnership (PPP) can be used to describe a wide variety of arrangements involving the public and private sectors working together in some way. The key elements for a PPP project are long-term contract; design construction, financing and operation of public infrastructure by the private sector party; payments over the lifetime of the project to the private sector party for the use of the facility made either by the public sector party or by the general public as users of the facility; and facility remaining in the public sector ownership or reverting to public sector ownership at the end of the PPP contract. In this book we go through this concept by analysing not only the opportunities in that field but also the trends and new perspectives. Therefore, this book captures the results of some of the recent research that is being carried out on public-private cooperation.
Author: John W. Kensinger
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
ISBN: 9781784419561
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Contributions assess the benefits to local banks around the Bakken Formation, the effect of corporate governance on valuation in India, and the undermining of real estate investment because of regulatory uncertainties. We also have studies of dividend policy and systemic risk in emerging markets, plus improvements in quantitative methods.
Author: Manal Fouad
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513576569
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 61
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Book Description
Investment in infrastructure can be a driving force of the economic recovery in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of shrinking fiscal space. Public-private partnerships (PPP) bring a promise of efficiency when carefully designed and managed, to avoid creating unnecessary fiscal risks. But fiscal illusions prevent an understanding the sources of fiscal risks, which arise in all infrastructure projects, and that in PPPs present specific characteristics that need to be addressed. PPP contracts are also affected by implicit fiscal risks when they are poorly designed, particularly when a government signs a PPP contract for a project with no financial sustainability. This paper reviews the advantages and inconveniences of PPPs, discusses the fiscal illusions affecting them, identifies a diversity of fiscal risks, and presents the essentials of PPP fiscal risk management.
