Westmorland Hearth Tax Michaelmas 1670 & Surveys 1674-5 PDF Download
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Author: Colin Phillips
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780901505521
Category : Hearth-money
Languages : en
Pages : 355
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Book Description
Author: Colin Phillips
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780901505521
Category : Hearth-money
Languages : en
Pages : 355
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Colin Phillips
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 384
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Book Description
Author: Richard W. Hoyle
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317031997
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 375
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Book Description
Farmers held a pivotal role in the capitalist agriculture that emerged in England in the eighteenth century, yet they have attracted little attention from rural historians. Farmers made agriculture happen. They brought together the capital and the technical and management skills which allowed food to be produced. It was they - and not landowners - who employed and supervised labour. They accepted the risk inherent in agriculture, paying largely fixed rents out of fluctuating and uncertain incomes. They are the rural equivalent of the small businessman with his own firm, employing people and producing for markets, sometimes distant ones. Our ignorance of the farmer might be justified by the claim that they are ill-documented, but in fact farmers were normally literate and kept records - day books, journals, accounts. This volume goes some way to counter the claim that a history of the farmer cannot be written by showing the range of materials available and the diversity of approaches which can be employed to study the activities and actions of individual farmers from the sixteenth century onwards. Farm records offer invaluable insights into the farming economy which are available nowhere else. In this volume accounts are used in a variety of ways - as the means to access single farms, but also in gross, as a national sample of accounts, to reveal regional variation over time. For the later nineteenth and twentieth centuries the range of sources available increases enormously and farmers - indeed farmer's wives too - emerge as articulate commentators on their own position, using correspondence to outline their difficulties in the First World War. Some even developed second careers as newspaper columnists and journalists. This book focuses attention back on the farmer and, it is hoped, will help to restore farmers to their rightful position in history as rural entrepreneurs.
Author: Jonathan Healey
Publisher: Boydell & Brewer Ltd
ISBN: 1843839563
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 337
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Book Description
The first major regional study of poverty and its relief in the seventeenth century: the first century of welfare. The English 'Old Poor Law' was the first national system of tax-funded social welfare in the world. It provided a safety net for hundreds of thousands of paupers at a time of very limited national wealth and productivity. The First Century of Welfare, which focusses on the poor, but developing, county of Lancashire, provides the first major regional study of poverty and its relief in the seventeenth century. Drawing on thousands of individual petitions for poor relief, presented by paupers themselves to magistrates, it peers into the social and economic world of England's marginal people. Taken together, these records present a vivid and sobering picture of the daily lives and struggles of the poor. We can see how their family life, their relations with their kin and their neighbours, and the dictates of contemporary gender norms conditioned their lives. We can also see how they experienced illness and physical and mental disability; and the ways in which real people's lives could be devastated by dearth, trade depression, and the destruction of the Civil Wars. But the picture is not just one of poor folk tossed by the tidesof fortune. It is also one of agency: about the strategies of economic survival the poor adopted, particularly in the context of a developing industrial economy, of the support they gained from their relatives and neighbours, andof their willingness to engage with England's developing system of social welfare to ensure that they and their families did not go hungry. In this book, an intensely human picture surfaces of what it was like to experience poverty at a time when the seeds of state social welfare were being planted. JONATHAN HEALEY is University Lecturer in English Local and Social History and Fellow of Kellogg College, University of Oxford.
Author: Catherine Ferguson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : la
Pages : 672
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Book Description
Author: Edward Dwelly
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780950404721
Category : Hearth-money
Languages : en
Pages : 115
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Book Description
Author: Stephen K. Kendall
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
Author: John Bragg
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781871420128
Category : Cumbria (England)
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
Author: Edward Dwelly
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Great Britain
Languages : en
Pages : 572
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Book Description
