Validation of Exploratory Modeling PDF Download
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Author: Steven C. Bankes
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Policy sciences
Languages : en
Pages : 6
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Book Description
Exploratory modeling uses computational experiments with computer models to inform questions of interest. Exploratory modeling is primarily useful for situations where insufficient information exists to build a veridical model of the system of interest. The problem of how to cleverly select the finite sample of models and cases to examine from the infinite set of possibilities is the central problem of exploratory modeling methodology. Thus, in exploratory modeling, rather than validate models, one must validate research strategies. This validation centers on three aspects of the analysis: the specification of an ensemble of models that will be the basis for exploration, the strategy for sampling from this ensemble, and the logic used to connect experimental results to study conclusions. The ability of researchers to achieve useful results in this paradigm can be greatly enhanced by the syntactic definition of compound computational experiments resulting in the automatic generation of large numbers of individual experiments, and tools supporting the visualization of these results.
Author: Steven C. Bankes
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Policy sciences
Languages : en
Pages : 6
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Book Description
Exploratory modeling uses computational experiments with computer models to inform questions of interest. Exploratory modeling is primarily useful for situations where insufficient information exists to build a veridical model of the system of interest. The problem of how to cleverly select the finite sample of models and cases to examine from the infinite set of possibilities is the central problem of exploratory modeling methodology. Thus, in exploratory modeling, rather than validate models, one must validate research strategies. This validation centers on three aspects of the analysis: the specification of an ensemble of models that will be the basis for exploration, the strategy for sampling from this ensemble, and the logic used to connect experimental results to study conclusions. The ability of researchers to achieve useful results in this paradigm can be greatly enhanced by the syntactic definition of compound computational experiments resulting in the automatic generation of large numbers of individual experiments, and tools supporting the visualization of these results.
Author: J. H. Bigelow
Publisher: Minnesota Historical Society
ISBN: 9780833034823
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Book Description
Examples of the use of multiresolution, multiperspective modeling (MRMPM) and exploratory analysis to validate models not based in settled theory or specific empirical testing. A model and its data may not be fully "valid" but may still be useful and good in more-limited ways. MRMPM and exploratory analysis are valuable for extrapolating, generalizing, and abstracting from small sets of analyses done with detailed models; for top-down planning; and for providing broad, synoptic assessments.
Author: Buyung Agusdinata
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Decision making
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
Author: Debbie Niemeier
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Traffic estimation
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Marisa Faggini
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 8847017785
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 252
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Book Description
In economics agents are assumed to choose on the basis of rational calculations aimed at the maximization of their pleasure or profit. Formally, agents are said to manifest transitive and consistent preferences in attempting to maximize their utility in the presence of several constraints. They operate according to the choice imperative: given a set of alternatives, choose the best. This imperative works well in a static and simplistic framework, but it may fail or vary when 'the best' is changing continuously. This approach has been questioned by a descriptive approach that springing from the complexity theory tries to give a scientific basis to the way in which individuals really choose, showing that those models of human nature is routinely falsified by experiments since people are neither selfish nor rational. Thus inductive rules of thumb are usually implemented in order to make decisions in the presence of incomplete and heterogeneous information sets.
Author: Andrew G. Bushmakin
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119376300
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 372
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Book Description
A Simulation-Based Guide Using SAS In A Practical Approach to Quantitative Validation of Patient-Reported Outcomes, two distinguished researchers, with 50 years of collective research experience and hundreds of publications on patient-centered research, deliver a detailed and comprehensive exposition on the critical steps required for quantitative validation of patient-reported outcomes (PROs). The book provides an incisive and instructional explanation and discussion on major aspects of psychometric validation methodology on PROs, especially relevant for medical applications sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry, where SAS is the primary software, and evaluated in regulatory and other healthcare environments. Central topics include test-retest reliability, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, construct and criterion validity, responsiveness and sensitivity, interpretation of PRO scores and findings, and meaningful within-patient change and clinical important difference. The authors provide step-by-step guidance while walking readers through how to structure data prior to a PRO analysis and demonstrate how to implement analyses with simulated examples grounded in real-life scenarios. Readers will also find: A thorough introduction to patient-reported outcomes, including their definition, development, and psychometric validation Comprehensive explorations of the validation workflow, including discussions of clinical trials as a data source for validation and the validation workflow for single and multi-item scales In-depth discussions of key concepts related to a validation of a measurement scale Special attention is given to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidance on development and validation of the PROs, which lay the foundation and inspiration for the analytic methods executed A Practical Approach to Quantitative Validation of Patient-Reported Outcomes is a required reference that will benefit psychometricians, statisticians, biostatisticians, epidemiologists, health service and public health researchers, outcome research scientists, regulators, and payers. STATISTICS IN PRACTICE A series of practical books outlining the use of statistical techniques in a wide range of applications areas: HUMAN AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES INDUSTRY, COMMERCE AND FINANCE
Author: Claus Beisbart
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319707663
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 1074
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Book Description
This unique volume introduces and discusses the methods of validating computer simulations in scientific research. The core concepts, strategies, and techniques of validation are explained by an international team of pre-eminent authorities, drawing on expertise from various fields ranging from engineering and the physical sciences to the social sciences and history. The work also offers new and original philosophical perspectives on the validation of simulations. Topics and features: introduces the fundamental concepts and principles related to the validation of computer simulations, and examines philosophical frameworks for thinking about validation; provides an overview of the various strategies and techniques available for validating simulations, as well as the preparatory steps that have to be taken prior to validation; describes commonly used reference points and mathematical frameworks applicable to simulation validation; reviews the legal prescriptions, and the administrative and procedural activities related to simulation validation; presents examples of best practice that demonstrate how methods of validation are applied in various disciplines and with different types of simulation models; covers important practical challenges faced by simulation scientists when applying validation methods and techniques; offers a selection of general philosophical reflections that explore the significance of validation from a broader perspective. This truly interdisciplinary handbook will appeal to a broad audience, from professional scientists spanning all natural and social sciences, to young scholars new to research with computer simulations. Philosophers of science, and methodologists seeking to increase their understanding of simulation validation, will also find much to benefit from in the text.
Author: Saul I. Gass
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461304598
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 774
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Book Description
Operations Research: 1934-1941," 35, 1, 143-152; "British The goal of the Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Operational Research in World War II," 35, 3, 453-470; Management Science is to provide to decision makers and "U. S. Operations Research in World War II," 35, 6, 910-925; problem solvers in business, industry, government and and the 1984 article by Harold Lardner that appeared in academia a comprehensive overview of the wide range of Operations Research: "The Origin of Operational Research," ideas, methodologies, and synergistic forces that combine to 32, 2, 465-475. form the preeminent decision-aiding fields of operations re search and management science (OR/MS). To this end, we The Encyclopedia contains no entries that define the fields enlisted a distinguished international group of academics of operations research and management science. OR and MS and practitioners to contribute articles on subjects for are often equated to one another. If one defines them by the which they are renowned. methodologies they employ, the equation would probably The editors, working with the Encyclopedia's Editorial stand inspection. If one defines them by their historical Advisory Board, surveyed and divided OR/MS into specific developments and the classes of problems they encompass, topics that collectively encompass the foundations, applica the equation becomes fuzzy. The formalism OR grew out of tions, and emerging elements of this ever-changing field. We the operational problems of the British and U. s. military also wanted to establish the close associations that OR/MS efforts in World War II.
Author: Jun Deng
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351801120
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 289
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Book Description
Big Data in Radiation Oncology gives readers an in-depth look into how big data is having an impact on the clinical care of cancer patients. While basic principles and key analytical and processing techniques are introduced in the early chapters, the rest of the book turns to clinical applications, in particular for cancer registries, informatics, radiomics, radiogenomics, patient safety and quality of care, patient-reported outcomes, comparative effectiveness, treatment planning, and clinical decision-making. More features of the book are: Offers the first focused treatment of the role of big data in the clinic and its impact on radiation therapy. Covers applications in cancer registry, radiomics, patient safety, quality of care, treatment planning, decision making, and other key areas. Discusses the fundamental principles and techniques for processing and analysis of big data. Address the use of big data in cancer prevention, detection, prognosis, and management. Provides practical guidance on implementation for clinicians and other stakeholders. Dr. Jun Deng is a professor at the Department of Therapeutic Radiology of Yale University School of Medicine and an ABR board certified medical physicist at Yale-New Haven Hospital. He has received numerous honors and awards such as Fellow of Institute of Physics in 2004, AAPM Medical Physics Travel Grant in 2008, ASTRO IGRT Symposium Travel Grant in 2009, AAPM-IPEM Medical Physics Travel Grant in 2011, and Fellow of AAPM in 2013. Lei Xing, Ph.D., is the Jacob Haimson Professor of Medical Physics and Director of Medical Physics Division of Radiation Oncology Department at Stanford University. His research has been focused on inverse treatment planning, tomographic image reconstruction, CT, optical and PET imaging instrumentations, image guided interventions, nanomedicine, and applications of molecular imaging in radiation oncology. Dr. Xing is on the editorial boards of a number of journals in radiation physics and medical imaging, and is recipient of numerous awards, including the American Cancer Society Research Scholar Award, The Whitaker Foundation Grant Award, and a Max Planck Institute Fellowship.
Author: Mohamad Adam Bujang
Publisher: Institute for Clinical Research, NIH, Malaysia
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 82
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Book Description
Most validated questionnaires that are widely used around the world are created in a non-native language. If such a questionnaire is to be used in a native-speaking population, it must first be validated. This book aims to be a useful guide for describing all the steps required for validating a questionnaire. This book also provided a standard checklist with 17 items that are recommended to serve as a useful guide for researchers conducting questionnaire validation research.
