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Author: James J. Willis
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1009314548
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 140
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Book Description
In this Element we build on our previous work conceptualizing a craft learning model for governing police discretion. We envision a model for harnessing patrol officers' craft knowledge and skills, learned through experience handling similar street-level encounters over time, to the development of standards for evaluating the quality of their decision-making. To clarify the logic of this model and its potential for police reform, we situate it within the context of other systems of discretion control, including law, bureaucracy, science, and the community. We also consider obstacles. We conclude that police organizations need to balance the different strategies for channeling and controlling discretion toward the goal of advancing more transparent and principled decision-making. The challenge is finding a balance that helps prevent arbitrary, pernicious, or uncompromising uses of police authority, but that also empowers and rewards officers for using the skills of perception and resourcefulness that contribute to wise judgment.
Author: James J. Willis
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1009314548
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 140
Get Book Here
Book Description
In this Element we build on our previous work conceptualizing a craft learning model for governing police discretion. We envision a model for harnessing patrol officers' craft knowledge and skills, learned through experience handling similar street-level encounters over time, to the development of standards for evaluating the quality of their decision-making. To clarify the logic of this model and its potential for police reform, we situate it within the context of other systems of discretion control, including law, bureaucracy, science, and the community. We also consider obstacles. We conclude that police organizations need to balance the different strategies for channeling and controlling discretion toward the goal of advancing more transparent and principled decision-making. The challenge is finding a balance that helps prevent arbitrary, pernicious, or uncompromising uses of police authority, but that also empowers and rewards officers for using the skills of perception and resourcefulness that contribute to wise judgment.
Author: Ronald Weitzer
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 113945496X
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 237
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Book Description
Race and Policing in America is about relations between police and citizens, with a focus on racial differences. It utilizes both the authors' own research and other studies to examine Americans' opinions, preferences, and personal experiences regarding the police. Guided by group-position theory and using both existing studies and the authors' own quantitative and qualitative data (from a nationally representative survey of whites, blacks, and Hispanics), this book examines the roles of personal experience, knowledge of others' experiences (vicarious experience), mass media reporting on the police, and neighborhood conditions (including crime and socioeconomic disadvantage) in structuring citizen views in four major areas: overall satisfaction with police in one's city and neighborhood, perceptions of several types of police misconduct, perceptions of police racial bias and discrimination, and evaluations of and support for a large number of reforms in policing.
Author: Richard Rosenfeld
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1009420356
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Book Description
This Element reviews and augments research on changes over time in U.S. crime rates during the past several decades. Major topics include the data sources for studying crime trends; the relationship between homicide rates and rates of property crime, imprisonment, and firearm availability; trends in crime by sex, race, and age; the relationship between crime trends and economic conditions; crime trends and social institutions; abrupt changes in crime rates and exogenous shocks; forecasting crime rates; and the future of crime trends theory and research. The study of crime trends is as intellectually rewarding and practically important as any topic in criminology. But attracting scholars to this field of study of crime trends will require significant advancements in theory, methods, and policy application.
Author: Pierre Aepli
Publisher: EPFL Press
ISBN: 2940222541
Category : Police
Languages : en
Pages : 226
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Book Description
"Decision making in the police environment must take advantage of the latest advances in business and military management, but at the same time remain aware of the challenges associated with maintaining and restoring order on a day-to-day basis. The framework proposed in this book has been elaborated form the diverse experiences of the authors as managers, police officers and crime analysts; and shows how to effectively use intelligence for making decisions, which rules to respect when deploying resources and how to assess and monitor the impact of measures taken."--Publisher.
Author: Gerald W. Garner
Publisher: Charles C Thomas Publisher
ISBN: 0398091005
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 241
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Book Description
The purpose of this book is to provide the first-line leader with practical, time-proven guidance for making decisions that range from the seemingly mundane to the life-critical. The text emphasizes the importance of common sense applied to sound decision-making, and provides the first-line leader with the insight, experience, talents, and skills to meet specific challenges. The following topics are featured: why decision-making is important; assessing your people; employee grievances and fair decisions; setting a good example; making decisions concerning employee performance; disciplinary decision-making; troubled employees and compassionate decision-making; identifying high-risk behavior; keeping your officers alive; tactical decision-making; decision-making in critical incidents; handling media encounters; how to fix communication breakdowns; surviving the difficult boss and what your supervisor expects; surviving an organization's politics; making decisions when unsure of yourself; and making career plans. The embodiment of the text lies in its ability to involve the reader in tasks that must be accomplished following the use of lethal force by an officer, the leader's key duties and responsibilities to citizenry and his organization, responding effectively to high-risk, on the street scenarios, while simultaneously maintaining true professional calm and even-handedness. This book will be useful as a learning tool for those interested in preparing themselves for law enforcement supervisory or management positions, policymakers, and police academies.
Author: George W. Burruss
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351026763
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 151
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Book Description
Much research on policing focuses on individual officer decision making in the field, but officers are positioned within organizations. Organizational characteristics, including structures, policies, management, training, culture, traditions, and the environmental context affect individual officer behavior and attitudes. Recent high-profile controversies surrounding policing have generated interest in examining what factors may have led to current crises. In this book, contributors discuss how police department priorities are made; how departments respond to sexual assault complaints; how forensic scientists deal with job stress and satisfaction; how police use gun crime incident reviews for problem solving and information sharing; how police officers view the use of body-worn cameras given their perceptions of organizational justice; and how officers view their work culture. The purpose of this book is to give policy makers and scholars some guidance on the interplay between the individual and the organization. By understanding this dynamic, police administrators should be able to better devise reform efforts. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Crime and Justice.
Author: Samuel E. Walker
Publisher: SAGE Publications
ISBN: 1544339194
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 361
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Book Description
Completely revised to cover recent events and research, the Third Edition of The New World of Police Accountability provides an original and comprehensive analysis of some of the most important developments in police accountability and reform strategies. With a keen and incisive perspective, esteemed authors and policing researchers, Samuel Walker and Carol Archbold, address the most recent developments and provide an analysis of what works, what reforms are promising, and what has proven unsuccessful. The book’s analysis draws on current research, as well as the President's Task Force on 21st Century Policing and the reforms embodied in Justice Department consent decrees. New to the Third Edition: The national crisis over police legitimacy and use of force is put into context through extensive discussions of recent police shootings and the response to this national crisis, providing readers a valuable perspective on the positive steps that have been taken and the limits of those steps. Coverage of the issues related to police officer uses of force is now the prevailing topic in Chapter 3 and includes detailed discussion of the topic, including de-escalation, tactical decision making, and the important changes in training related to these issues. An updated examination of the impact of technology on policing, including citizens’ use of recording devices, body-worn cameras, open data provided by police agencies, and use of social media, explores how technology contributes to police accountability in the United States. A complete, up-to-date discussion of citizen oversight of the police provides details on the work of selected oversight agencies, including the positive developments and their limitations, enabling readers to have an informed discussion of the subject. Detailed coverage of routine police activities that often generate public controversy now includes such topics as responding to mental health calls, domestic violence calls, and police "stop and frisk" practices. Issues related to policing and race relations are addressed head-on through a careful examination of the data, as well as the impact of recent reforms that have attempted to achieve professional, bias-free policing.
Author: Dr. Jeffrey C. Fox
Publisher: Xlibris Corporation
ISBN: 1543418457
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 475
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Book Description
This book is for those interested in becoming an officer or who is already an officer. For those seeking careers in law enforcement, just starting out, or who want new tips to brush, you will find value in this book. This book is great for those who supervise, train, or teach officers. The book offers a blended academic and practitioner-based approach to learning and understanding the skills needed to be a great officer. The book discusses how to prepare for a law enforcement career, how to master the skills needed to be successful during training and throughout ones career, how to develop decision-making skills, and how to effectively communicate. We discuss patrol issues such as policing strategies, patrol techniques, enforcement issues, officer survival, and use of force. We discuss investigative techniques, dealing with juveniles, understanding intelligence, and report writing. We wrap up with tips on managing your career and ending your tour of duty.
Author: Eric L. Piza
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000478947
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 294
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Book Description
Evidence-based policing is based on the straightforward, but powerful, idea that crime prevention and crime control policy should be based on what works best in promoting public safety, as determined by the best available scientific evidence. Bringing together leading academics and practitioners, this book explores a wide range of case studies from around the world that best exemplify the integration of scientific evidence in contemporary policing processes. Chapters explore the transfer of scientific knowledge to the practice community, the role of officers in conducting police-led science, connection of work between police researchers and practitioners, and how evidence-based policing can be incorporated in daily police functions. The Globalization of Evidence-Based Policing is written for both researchers and practitioners interested in ensuring that scientific research is at center stage in policing. Agencies (including law enforcement agencies, research centers, and institutions of higher learning) can look to these case studies as road maps to better foster an evidence-based approach to crime prevention and crime control. Those already committed to evidence-based policing can look to these chapters to ensure that evidence-based policing is firmly institutionalized within their agencies. Accessible and compelling, this book is essential reading for all those interested in learning more about and doing more to bring about evidence-based policing.
Author: John A. Kolman
Publisher: Charles C Thomas Publisher
ISBN: 0398076561
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 273
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Book Description
This textbook instructs patrol officers in their roles and responsibilities as first responders, with attention to new and evolving threats and responses to incidents that have broadened the scope of responsibility of the patrol officer. The first of the five parts of the book contains four chapters on patrol officer's preparation and conditioning. These chapters focus on the importance and features of mental and physical fitness and preparing for various police encounters, some of which may involve a fight for survival. The four chapters of Part 2 address training and equipment. The chapters discuss the principles of combat shooting, the specifications of intermediate rifles for use in patrol work, specialty impact systems that can be used as less-lethal force options, and first responders' recognition of explosives. Part 3 consists of three chapters on various types of patrol procedures: the use of police dogs in patrol operations, vehicle stops, and building searches. The four chapters of Part 4 consider patrol responses to critical incidents. One chapter instructs patrol officers in the responsibilities of first responders at the scene of a hostage/barricade/suicide incident. A second chapter describes the tactic of "immediate action/rapid deployment," which is recommended for patrol officers who are the first responders to a violent attack in progress that involves multiple actual and potential victims. A third chapter describes the planning and implementation of procedures for a unified command when multiple agencies are responding to a mass disaster. A fourth chapter focuses on knowledge and procedures used by first responders in their handling of disasters caused by terrorists' weapons of mass destruction. The three chapters of Part 5 instruct patrol officers in preparing for civil litigation that alleges violations of constitutional rights due to officer actions.
