Ultrafast Multichannel Optogenetic Stimulation of the Auditory Pathway for Optical Cochlear Implants PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Ultrafast Multichannel Optogenetic Stimulation of the Auditory Pathway for Optical Cochlear Implants PDF full book. Access full book title Ultrafast Multichannel Optogenetic Stimulation of the Auditory Pathway for Optical Cochlear Implants by Daniel Keppeler. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Daniel Keppeler
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
In case of profound sensorineural hearing loss and deafness, cochlear implants (CIs) partially restore hearing and provide missing auditory information to the brain. Electrical stimulation of the spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) enables speech understanding in the majority of the approximately 500,000 CI users. However, the utility of current clinical CIs is limited by their wide current spread resulting in limited coding of spectral information. As light can be better confined in space, optical CIs (oCIs) promise lower spread of excitation in the cochlea which might enable better speech comp...
Author: Daniel Keppeler
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
In case of profound sensorineural hearing loss and deafness, cochlear implants (CIs) partially restore hearing and provide missing auditory information to the brain. Electrical stimulation of the spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) enables speech understanding in the majority of the approximately 500,000 CI users. However, the utility of current clinical CIs is limited by their wide current spread resulting in limited coding of spectral information. As light can be better confined in space, optical CIs (oCIs) promise lower spread of excitation in the cochlea which might enable better speech comp...
Author: Ajmal A. Azees
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
Abstract: For individuals with severe to profound hearing loss resulting from irreversibly damaged hair cells, cochlear implants can be used to restore hearing by delivering electrical stimulation directly to the spiral ganglion neurons. However, current spread lowers the spatial resolution of neural activation. Since light can be easily confined, optogenetics is a technique that has the potential to improve the precision of neural activation, whereby visible light is used to stimulate neurons that are modified with light-sensitive opsins. This study compares the spread of neural activity across the inferior colliculus of the auditory midbrain during electrical and optical stimulation in the cochlea of acutely deafened mice with opsin-modified spiral ganglion neurons (H134R variant of the channelrhodopsin-2). Monopolar electrical stimulation was delivered via each of four 0.2 mm wide platinum electrode rings at 0.6 mm centre-to-centre spacing, whereas 453 nm wavelength light was delivered via each of five 0.22 × 0.27 mm micro-light emitting diodes (LEDs) at 0.52 mm centre-to-centre spacing. Channel interactions were also quantified by threshold changes during simultaneous stimulation by pairs of electrodes or micro-LEDs at different distances between the electrodes (0.6, 1.2 and 1.8 mm) or micro-LEDs (0.52, 1.04, 1.56 and 2.08 mm). The spread of activation resulting from single channel optical stimulation was approximately half that of monopolar electrical stimulation as measured at two levels of discrimination above threshold (p
Author: Alexander Dieter
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
Cochlear implants (CIs) constitute the interface between the sound-deprived brain of patients suffering from sensorineural hearing loss and the auditory scene surrounding them. By electrically stimulating the auditory nerve (AN), CIs mimic coding principles of the cochlea and provide the user with auditory information, enabling speech comprehension in half a million implantees. Unfortunately, current is hard to steer in the cochlear fluids, limiting the spatial selectivity and thus the spectral resolution of electrical hearing restoration. As light can be conveniently confined in space, opt ...
Author: David López de la Morena
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
Optogenetic stimulation of the auditory nerve is a promising alternative to restore hearing. Since light can be focused on the target tissue, the optical cochlear implant (oCI) might support a major improvement in frequency resolution compared to current electrical CIs (eCIs). However, the slow kinetics of the first generation of optogenetic actuators hindered controlling the fast-spiking spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) with high temporal fidelity. In this work, I evaluated the ability of two fast-gating opsins (Chronos-ES/TS and f-Chrimson) to improve temporal fidelity of optogenetic stimul...
Author: Marko B. Popovic
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 044313863X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 780
Get Book Here
Book Description
Biomechatronics is rapidly becoming one of the most influential and innovative research directions defining the 21st century. The second edition Biomechatronics provides a complete and up-to-date account of this advanced subject at the university textbook level. This new edition introduces two new chapters – Animals Biomechatronics and Plants Biomechatronics – highlighting the importance of the rapidly growing world population and associated challenges with food production. Each chapter is co-authored by top experts led by Professor Marko B. Popovic, researcher and educator at the forefront of advancements in this fascinating field. Starting with an introduction to the historical background of Biomechatronics, this book covers recent breakthroughs in artificial organs and tissues, prosthetic limbs, neural interfaces, orthotic systems, wearable systems for physical augmentation, physical therapy and rehabilitation, robotic surgery, natural and synthetic actuators, sensors, and control systems. A number of practice prompts and solutions are provided at the end of the book. The second edition of Biomechatronics is a result of dedicated work of a team of more than 30 contributors from all across the globe including top researchers and educators in the United States (Popovic, Lamkin-Kennard, Herr, Sinyukov, Troy, Goodworth, Johnson, Kaipa, Onal, Bowers, Djuric, Fischer, Ji, Jovanovic, Luo, Padir, Tetreault), Japan (Tashiro, Iraminda, Ohta, Terasawa), Sweden (Boyraz), Turkey (Arslan, Karabulut, Ortes), Germany (Beckerle and Wiliwacher), New Zealand (Liarokapis), Switzerland (Dobrev), and Serbia (Lazarevic). The only biomechatronics textbook written, especially for students at a university level Ideal for students and researchers in the biomechatronics, biomechanics, robotics, and biomedical engineering fields Provides updated overview of state-of-the-art science and technology of modern day biomechatronics, introduced by the leading experts in this fascinating field This edition introduces two new chapters: Animals Biomechatronics and Plants Biomechatronics Expanded coverage of topics such as Prosthetic Limbs, Powered Orthotics, Direct Neural Interface, Bio-inspired Robotics, Robotic Surgery, Actuators, Control and Physical Intelligence
Author: Jace Wolfe
Publisher: Plural Publishing
ISBN: 1597567086
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 409
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Joseph M. Miller
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461232562
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 416
Get Book Here
Book Description
This volume describes a new direction in technological and biomedical developments for profoundly deaf individuals. The first section covers topics of tissue characteristics, such as responses to electrical stimulation and computer modelling of cochlea currents. Perception of acoustic signals, responses and behavioral pattern as well as psychophysical aspects are treated in the second part. Part III is addressed to perspectives and challenges of encoding schemes. Reports on studies of acoustic and electrical encoding of temporal information, speech features with cochlear implants as well as psychophysical and speech perceptual studies will allow further strategies for cochlea implants.
Author: Jill Blair Firszt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 476
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Michaël Charles Chalom Slama
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
Auditory brainstem implants (ABIs) help provide some hearing to patients with non-functional auditory nerves or ossified cochleae. ABIs bypass the cochlea and electrically stimulate the surface of the cochlear nucleus (CN). Performance of ABI users in speech reception tasks is usually poor. One of the possible explanations for their limited performance is the poor spatial selectivity of electrical stimulation that limits frequency resolution. In this project, we show that spatial selectivity of electrical stimulation was usually poor in a rat model, as stimulation in one point of the CN surface led to activation of most of the tonotopic axis in the inferior colliculus (IC). These results point to the need for new stimulation strategies to improve frequency representation in the central auditory system of ABI users. An optogenetic approach is promising, as light may be more easily focused than electrical current. To test the feasibility of optogenetic control of the CN, we transfected the CN of mice with AAV2/8-Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2). We found a significant increase in activity in IC and primary auditory cortex during blue light stimulation in mice with successful ChR2 expression in the CN. Overall, these results lay the groundwork for a new generation opto-electronic ABI.
Author: Sid Bacon
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387215301
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 238
Get Book Here
Book Description
The Springer Handbook of Auditory Research presents a series of comp- hensive and synthetic reviews of the fundamental topics in modern au- tory research.The volumes are aimed at all individuals with interests in hearing research including advanced graduate students, post-doctoral researchers, and clinical investigators.The volumes are intended to int- duce new investigators to important aspects of hearing science and to help established investigators to better understand the fundamental theories and data in ?elds of hearing that they may not normally follow closely. Each volume is intended to present a particular topic comprehensively, and each chapter will serve as a synthetic overview and guide to the lit- ature.As such the chapters present neither exhaustive data reviews nor original research that has not yet appeared in peer-reviewed journals.The volumes focus on topics that have developed a solid data and conceptual foundation rather than on those for which a literature is only beginning to develop. New research areas will be covered on a timely basis in the series as they begin to mature.
