Two Dual-function Regulatory SRNAs in Bacillus Subtilis, and Their Role in RNA Degradation and Sporulation PDF Download
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Author: Inam Ul Haq
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : de
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This study was conducted to identify a new function of the trans-encoded sRNA SR1 and to characterize a small protein encoded by the new potential dual-function sRNA SR7 in the Gram-positive model organism B. subtilis. The small RNA SR1 was found to inhibit translation of kinA mRNA. Neither the SR1 encoded peptide SR1P plays any role in the regulation of kinA nor SR1 influences the stability of kinA mRNA. The role of SR1 in sporulation was confirmed by analysing its effects on the promoters of downstream genes controlled by KinA through Spo0A. No role of Hfq or CsrA in sporulation was observed. SR1 was found to decelerate sporulation when glucose is exhausted. Moreover, SR1 impacted spore properties. Spores formed in the absence of SR1 exhibited lower resistance to stress conditions and displayed an altered composition of spore coat proteins. The sr7 gene was tagged in its native locus with a C-terminal 3x FLAG tag and the synthesis of the small protein SR7P confirmed in Western blots. Threefold increased amounts of SR7P were produced under different stress conditions. In co-elution experiments the glycolytic enzyme enolase was identified as interaction partner for SR7P. The binding of SR7P to enolase in turn improved the binding of enolase to RNase Y present in the DLN of B. subtilis. By contrast, it had no effect on the interaction of enolase with PfkA also present in the DLN. Enolase carries ten times more RNase Y in the presence of SR7P. RNA is not bridging the interaction between SR7P and enolase. SR7P does not directly bind RNase Y. In vitro RNase Y activity assays revealed a role of SR7P in modulation of the activity of Eno-bound RNase Y. The role of SR7P in modulation of the activity of Eno-bound RNase Y was confirmed in vivo for rpsO mRNA. Taken together, both small RNAs SR1 and SR7 are involved in the regulation of sporulation and modulation of DLN in B. subtilis under glucose limiting and stress conditions.
Author: Inam Ul Haq
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : de
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This study was conducted to identify a new function of the trans-encoded sRNA SR1 and to characterize a small protein encoded by the new potential dual-function sRNA SR7 in the Gram-positive model organism B. subtilis. The small RNA SR1 was found to inhibit translation of kinA mRNA. Neither the SR1 encoded peptide SR1P plays any role in the regulation of kinA nor SR1 influences the stability of kinA mRNA. The role of SR1 in sporulation was confirmed by analysing its effects on the promoters of downstream genes controlled by KinA through Spo0A. No role of Hfq or CsrA in sporulation was observed. SR1 was found to decelerate sporulation when glucose is exhausted. Moreover, SR1 impacted spore properties. Spores formed in the absence of SR1 exhibited lower resistance to stress conditions and displayed an altered composition of spore coat proteins. The sr7 gene was tagged in its native locus with a C-terminal 3x FLAG tag and the synthesis of the small protein SR7P confirmed in Western blots. Threefold increased amounts of SR7P were produced under different stress conditions. In co-elution experiments the glycolytic enzyme enolase was identified as interaction partner for SR7P. The binding of SR7P to enolase in turn improved the binding of enolase to RNase Y present in the DLN of B. subtilis. By contrast, it had no effect on the interaction of enolase with PfkA also present in the DLN. Enolase carries ten times more RNase Y in the presence of SR7P. RNA is not bridging the interaction between SR7P and enolase. SR7P does not directly bind RNase Y. In vitro RNase Y activity assays revealed a role of SR7P in modulation of the activity of Eno-bound RNase Y. The role of SR7P in modulation of the activity of Eno-bound RNase Y was confirmed in vivo for rpsO mRNA. Taken together, both small RNAs SR1 and SR7 are involved in the regulation of sporulation and modulation of DLN in B. subtilis under glucose limiting and stress conditions.
Author: Feng-xia Qi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 348
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Book Description
Author: Michael L. Vasil
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology Press
ISBN: 1555816762
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1189
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Book Description
A comprehensive compendium of scholarly contributions relating to bacterial virulence gene regulation. • Provides insights into global control and the switch between distinct infectious states (e.g., acute vs. chronic). • Considers key issues about the mechanisms of gene regulation relating to: surface factors, exported toxins and export mechanisms. • Reflects on how the regulation of intracellular lifestyles and the response to stress can ultimately have an impact on the outcome of an infection. • Highlights and examines some emerging regulatory mechanisms of special significance. • Serves as an ideal compendium of valuable topics for students, researchers and faculty with interests in how the mechanisms of gene regulation ultimately affect the outcome of an array of bacterial infectious diseases.
Author: Chew Chieng Yeo
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889668509
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
Author: Juan Carlos Alonso
Publisher: Mdpi AG
ISBN: 9783036506746
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 170
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Book Description
Bacterial toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems, which are ubiquitously present in bacterial genomes, are not essential for normal cell proliferation. The TA systems regulate fundamental cellular processes, facilitate survival under stress conditions, have essential roles in virulence and represent potential therapeutic targets. These genetic TA loci are also shown to be involved in the maintenance of successful multidrug-resistant mobile genetic elements. The TA systems are classified as types I to VI, according to the nature of the antitoxin and to the mode of toxin inhibition. Type II TA systems encode a labile antitoxin and its stable toxin; degradation of the antitoxin renders a free toxin, which is bacteriostatic by nature. A free toxin generates a reversible state with low metabolic activity (quiescence) by affecting important functions of bacterial cells such as transcription, translation, DNA replication, replication and cell-wall synthesis, biofilm formation, phage predation, the regulation of nucleotide pool, etc., whereas antitoxins are toxin inhibitors. Under stress conditions, the TA systems might form networks. To understand the basis of the unique response of TA systems to stress, the prime causes of the emergence of drug-resistant strains, and their contribution to therapy failure and the development of chronic and recurrent infections, must be known in order to grasp how TA systems contribute to the mechanisms of phenotypic heterogeneity and pathogenesis that will enable the rational development of new treatments for infections caused by pathogens.
Author: Byung Hong Kim
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107171733
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 509
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Book Description
Extensive and up-to-date review of key metabolic processes in bacteria and archaea and how metabolism is regulated under various conditions.
Author: Lesley J. Collins
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461403324
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 297
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Book Description
RNAs form complexes with proteins and other RNAs. The RNA‐infrastructure represents the spatiotemporal interaction of these proteins and RNAs in a cell‐wide network. RNA Infrastructure and Networks brings together these ideas to illustrate the scope of RNA‐based biology, and how connecting RNA mechanisms is a powerful tool to investigate regulatory pathways. This book is but a taste of the wide range of RNA‐based mechanisms that connect in the RNA infrastructure.
Author: Hans-Curt Flemming
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1780407416
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 336
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Book Description
The Perfect Slime presents the latest state of knowledge and all aspects of the Extracellular Polymeric Substances, (EPS) matrix – from the ecological and health to the antifouling perspectives. The book brings together all the current material in order to expand our understanding of the functions, properties and characteristics of the matrix as well as the possibilities to strengthen or weaken it. The EPS matrix represents the immediate environment in which biofilm organisms live. From their point of view, this matrix has paramount advantages. It allows them to stay together for extended periods and form synergistic microconsortia, it retains extracellular enzymes and turns the matrix into an external digestion system and it is a universal recycling yard, it protects them against desiccation, it allows for intense communication and represents a huge genetic archive. They can remodel their matrix, break free and eventually, they can use it as a nutrient source. The EPS matrix can be considered as one of the emergent properties of biofilms and are a major reason for the success of this form of life. Nevertheless, they have been termed the “black matter of biofilms” for good reasons. First of all: the isolation methods define the results. In most cases, only water soluble EPS components are investigated; insoluble ones such as cellulose or amyloids are much less included. In particular in environmental biofilms with many species, it is difficult to impossible isolate, separate the various EPS molecules they are encased in and to define which species produced which EPS. The regulation and the factors which trigger or inhibit EPS production are still very poorly understood. Furthermore: bacteria are not the only microorganisms to produce EPS. Archaea, Fungi and algae can also form EPS. This book investigates the questions, What is their composition, function, dynamics and regulation? What do they all have in common?
Author: Thomas M. Schmidt
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128117370
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 3248
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Book Description
Encyclopedia of Microbiology, Fourth Edition, Five Volume Set gathers both basic and applied dimensions in this dynamic field that includes virtually all environments on Earth. This range attracts a growing number of cross-disciplinary studies, which the encyclopedia makes available to readers from diverse educational backgrounds. The new edition builds on the solid foundation established in earlier versions, adding new material that reflects recent advances in the field. New focus areas include `Animal and Plant Microbiomes’ and ‘Global Impact of Microbes`. The thematic organization of the work allows users to focus on specific areas, e.g., for didactical purposes, while also browsing for topics in different areas. Offers an up-to-date and authoritative resource that covers the entire field of microbiology, from basic principles, to applied technologies Provides an organic overview that is useful to academic teachers and scientists from different backgrounds Includes chapters that are enriched with figures and graphs, and that can be easily consulted in isolation to find fundamental definitions and concepts
Author: Tilman Heise
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781071602317
Category : Human genetics
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Book Description
This book provides a wide spectrum of methods to study RNA chaperones in vitro, at the single molecule level, and protocols useful for cell-based assays. Beginning with a section on a number of bacterial proteins for study, the volume also explores proteins from eukaryotic cells and how to delve into the complex interactions between RNA chaperones and the folding and unfolding of proteins. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, RNA Chaperones: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide for scientists and students interested in RNA biology and RNA chaperones. Chapter 3 is available Open Access under a CC-BY 4.0 license via link.springer.com.
