Tritium Transport Analysis in HCPB DEMO Blanket with the FUS-TPC Code (KIT Scientific Reports ; 7642) PDF Download
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Author: Fabrizio Franza
Publisher: KIT Scientific Publishing
ISBN: 3731500124
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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Author: Fabrizio Franza
Publisher: KIT Scientific Publishing
ISBN: 3731500124
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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Author: Pleli, Ingrid
Publisher: KIT Scientific Publishing
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 606
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Author: Hongjie Zhang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 178
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Book Description
It is critical to be able to predict tritium transport in lead-lithium liquid metal (LM) blankets with great accuracy to provide information for fusion reactor safety and economy analyses. However, tritium transport processes are complex and affected by multiple physics such as magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow, yet there is no single computer code capable of simulating these phenomena inclusively. Thus the objectives of this research are: 1) to develop mathematical models and computational codes to quantify both tritium distributions throughout the blanket and the permeation loss rate from LM to helium coolant, and 2) to evaluate the key factors that govern tritium permeation and distribution. To accomplish these objectives, a computational framework for analyzing tritium transport phenomena affected by multi-physics and geometric features has been developed. Models have been proposed to integrate multiple tritium transfer processes, including transport inside the LM MHD flow, transfer across the material interface, and permeation through the structural materials and into the helium coolant. Numerical schemes have been developed and implemented in the code to link the different transport mechanisms. The developed model and code have been validated against the data from the US-JA TITAN experiments on hydrogen transport through an [alpha]-Fe/PbLi system and in-reactor tritium release data from lead-lithium, and the modeling results agree well with the experimental data. Parametric studies are performed to quantify the MHD effects, buoyancy effects, PES effects, and the uncertainties of transport properties. The MHD effects reduce the tritium permeation rate due to the higher velocity near the wall. However, the rate of decrease is reduced at higher Hartmann numbers. The buoyancy effect on tritium transport in the LM MHD flows is revealed. Its tritium inventory drops by 80%, and the permeation rate drops by 20% for an upward flow compared to a downward flow. If a PES is introduced on the wall parallel to the magnetic field, tritium loss rate increases by 15% because the velocity is reduced near the front wall. The range of permeation rate change on the basis of uncertainties of transport properties is also provided, and the effect of the uncertainty of tritium solubility is significant. Furthermore, as the FCI electric conductivity increases from 5 to 500 [omega]−1m−1, the tritium permeation rate decreases by 46% due to the increasing velocity in the gap. Lastly, the difference in tritium permeation rates between dual coolant lead lithium (DCLL) and helium-cooled lead lithium (HCLL) blanket concepts is quantified. The tritium permeation loss percentage from the HCLL concept is about one order of magnitude higher than from the DCLL concept (~ 17%. vs. 1.2%). This is mainly due to a much lower velocity and thus a much higher tritium partial pressure for the HCLL concept. The computational models and results stated in this work provide guidance on the lead-lithium liquid metal blanket designs to comply tritium control requirements with regard to the reduction in tritium permeation and inventory and on planning the experiments for database evaluation.
Author: R.M. Barrer
Publisher: Рипол Классик
ISBN: 5883795331
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 479
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Author: Silvano Tosti
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781624172700
Category : Nuclear fusion
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Tritium is a radioactive hydrogen isotope that is of interest for both civil and military applications. Most of tritium is used for the realisation and the maintenance of fission and fusion nuclear weapons while only a minor fraction of tritium is commercially used. Among the non-military uses; medical diagnostic and research in pharmaceutical laboratories are discussed. For research purposes, tritium is also used in fusion power machines and, in particular, the development of processes for tritium recovery in the fusion fuel cycle has been the object of significant technological improvements. This book provides an overview on the processes for the production and treatment of tritium in nuclear fusion machines as well as the aspects of measurement, dose assessment and safety of tritium with a focus on the impact to human health and the environment.
Author: Helmut Wipf
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783662309490
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Author: John B. Wachtman
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780470451502
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 496
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Book Description
A Comprehensive and Self-Contained Treatment of the Theory and Practical Applications of Ceramic Materials When failure occurs in ceramic materials, it is often catastrophic, instantaneous, and total. Now in its Second Edition, this important book arms readers with a thorough and accurate understanding of the causes of these failures and how to design ceramics for failure avoidance. It systematically covers: Stress and strain Types of mechanical behavior Strength of defect-free solids Linear elastic fracture mechanics Measurements of elasticity, strength, and fracture toughness Subcritical crack propagation Toughening mechanisms in ceramics Effects of microstructure on toughness and strength Cyclic fatigue of ceramics Thermal stress and thermal shock in ceramics Fractography Dislocation and plastic deformation in ceramics Creep and superplasticity of ceramics Creep rupture at high temperatures and safe life design Hardness and wear And more While maintaining the first edition's reputation for being an indispensable professional resource, this new edition has been updated with sketches, explanations, figures, tables, summaries, and problem sets to make it more student-friendly as a textbook in undergraduate and graduate courses on the mechanical properties of ceramics.
Author: David L. McDanels
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electric conductivity
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Author: Erik Lassner
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461549078
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 432
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Book Description
Why does someone write a book about Tungsten? There are several reasons and precedents for this, the most important of which is that the last book on tungsten was written more than 20 years ago, in 1977, by St. W H. Yih and Ch T. Wang. During the intervening period there have been many new scientific and technological developments and innova tions, so it was not only our opinion but the view of many other members of the "tungsten family" that it was time to start writing a new book about tungsten. Preparations of the new book began in 1994. further impetus to the project was provided by the realization that in spite of this new knowledge having been presented at seminars or published in the technical press, a general acknowledgement of it by the majority of technicians and scientists is still far from being realized. It is our hope that this book will significantly contribute to a broader acceptance of recent scientific and technological innovations. An important prerequisite for such a project is the availability of a recently retired, experienced person willing to devote his time and talents to the tedious part of the exercise.
Author: David L. McDanels
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Copper
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Book Description
