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Author: Walter Albert Szuja
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Economics
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Walter Albert Szuja
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Economics
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Alice Middleton Nobles
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 138
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Book Description
Author: Mr.Joshua E. Greene
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 9781557752147
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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This paper examines the problems in establishing currency convertibility- and the optimal timing- in formerly planned economies making the transition to market-oriented systems.
Author: Hans-Jürgen Wagener
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642997686
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 237
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Book Description
Between 1989 and 1992 three colloquia on transformation problems were held at the Ludwig-Reimers-Stiftung, Bad Homburg. At the end of the 1980s the collapse of the Soviet-type socialist economic system had become clear and, hence, the necessity to transform these systems into an entirely different eco nomic order. Similar processes have happened and still happen in other his torical constellations, for instance in developing countries. It has been the aim of the Transformation Colloquium to gain more theoretical insight into these phenomena. The object of research has been transformation defined as transition from a given economic order (socialist planned economy e.g.) to a consistent new or der (market economy). This is a highly complex phenomenon which occurred, above all, during the 20th century: introduction and abolition of socialist sys tems, transition from war economies to peace-time market economies. Histori cal experience allows perhaps for certain generalizing abstractions. The central problem discussed at all (up to now) three colloquia is the question whether the object is amenable for theoretical analysis and which approaches eventually are promising.
Author: Mr.Jacob A. Frenkel
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451848722
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 19
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This paper identifies obstacles hindering the transformation of centrally-planned economies (CPEs) into well-functioning market economies. The obstacles identified relate to (i) anticipatory dynamics, (ii) monetary overhang and the budget, and (iii) underdeveloped credit markets. It is demonstrated that these obstacles inhibit the effectiveness of price reform, monetary and credit policies, and trade liberalization. The analysis focuses on various ways to remove the obstacles. In this regard, a special examination is made of the implications of “cleaning” the balance sheets of enterprises and banks from nonperforming loans, as well as ways to enhance credibility. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of sequencing, “safety nets,” and their associated obstacles.
Author: Jan S. Kowalski
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : de
Pages : 92
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Author: Guillermo A. Calvo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Central planning
Languages : en
Pages : 62
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Book Description
This paper deals with the early stages of transformation of centrally-planned economies (CBEs) into market economies during which expectations playa key role. It focuses on the transitional phase during which the economy is not any more a CPE but has not yet become a market economy. During this phase the economy is referred to as a 'previously centrally-planned economy" (PCPE). A simple model is developed to analyze the consequences of expected price liberalization. The model highlights the anticipatory character of economic behavior during the early stages of the transformation process. A major focus is given to credit markets. The CPEs undergoing transformation lack depth and breadth of financial markets. The lack of information necessary to assess risk and creditworthiness complicates the conduct of credit polity. The analysis illustrates the benefits of an early development of such markets, and of finding appropriate ways to "clean" the balance sheets of enterprises and banks from bad loans. It demonstrates the cost of a fine-tuning strategy and the benefits from a quick implementation of price reform. The paper also examines alternative means to reduce 'liquidity overhang," and shows that all involve taxation of one form or another. The consequences of privatization are analyzed and the benefits of an early development of an effective tax system highlighted
Author: Zongxian Yu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Capitalism
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Author: Ha-Joon Chang
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 134923916X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 447
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Book Description
The mainstream view of the way in which best to transform the communist economies was that there should be a rapid transition to a free market economy and political democracy. The articles in this book challenge this view. They do so from the standpoint of economic and political theory, and from an evaluation of the comparative experience of different reforming countries in Europe and Asia. This book represents the first systematic attempt to try to explain the dramatic contrast in outcome between reforming countries that have pursued comprehensive system reform and those that have pursued cautious, experimental strategies.
Author: John R. Munkirs
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1315495848
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 246
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Book Description
Do Americans live in a planned economy? Most of us would say no. John Munkirs. however, argues that the American economy has “centralized private sector planning.” Assessing 138 major industries and 5 major market areas, the author shows how firms in a given industry are technologically, financially, and administratively interdependent. He then demonstrates how industries are both structurally and functionally interdependent and how a series of economic planning instruments evolved over the years that both allow and may even necessitate regional, national, and international private sector planning.
