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Author: Elhanan Helpman
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262580984
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
This sequel to Market Structure and Foreign Trade examines the new international trade's applied side. It provides a compact guide to models of the effects of trade policy in imperfectly competitive markets, as well as an up-to-date survey of existing knowledge, which is extended by the authors' useful interpretations of the results.
Author: Elhanan Helpman
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262580984
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
This sequel to Market Structure and Foreign Trade examines the new international trade's applied side. It provides a compact guide to models of the effects of trade policy in imperfectly competitive markets, as well as an up-to-date survey of existing knowledge, which is extended by the authors' useful interpretations of the results.
Author: Alan Asprilla
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 34
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Book Description
This paper identifies the effect of trade policy on market power through new data and a new identification strategy. It uses a large data set containing export values and quantities by product and destination for all exporting firms in 12 developing and emerging countries over several years, merged with destination-product-specific information on tariffs and non-tariff barriers. Market power is identified by observing how exporting firms price discriminate across markets in reaction to variations in bilateral exchange rates. Pricing-to-market is prevalent in all regions of the sample, even among small firms, although it is increasing in firm size, in accordance with theory. More importantly, the effect of non-tariff measures is not isomorphic to that of tariffs: the observed pricing-to-market behavior suggests that, although tariffs reduce the market power of foreign firms through classic rent-shifting effects, non-tariff measures alter market structure and reinforce the market power of non-exiting firms, domestic and foreign ones alike.
Author: Richard W. T. Pomfret
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Book Description
Author: Adam Jakubik
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Book Description
Economic theory suggests that countries’ tariff commitments in trade agreements reflect their import market power at the time of negotiations. However, as countries grow, their market power in different sectors can change in unforeseen ways and their commitments may no longer reflect changed economic conditions. Using a newly built dataset of pre-Uruguay Round applied tariffs and relying on the theoretical framework of the terms-of-trade motive for trade agreements, we estimate hypothetical tariff commitments under current levels of market power and compare them with actual tariff commitments. We find that lower tariff commitments required to reflect current economic conditions would amount to a reduction in annual tariff costs of up to $26.4 billion – equivalent to nearly 10% of global tariff costs. Our results reveal substantial heterogeneity between countries and sectors. The sectors with the largest potential tariff cost reductions are vehicles (HS 87) and machinery and appliances (HS 84-85). Product-level tariff reductions would range from 0 to 18.5 percentage points and are on average largest for China. In the past, the GATT/WTO system has updated tariff commitments through periodic rounds of negotiations, and our findings support the revival of the WTO's negotiation function in this area.
Author: Sankalp Mathur
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
pro-competitive gains are sizable, even for countries where import and export markups are aligned.
Author: Michael A. Utton
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1847200249
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 151
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Book Description
This book is a welcome and timely addition to the library of materials exploring the implications of the move from internationalisation of trade towards globalisation. Michael Hutchings, European Competition Law Review This book provides an excellent introduction to the difficult and important issues surrounding international trade and competition policy. Douglas A. Irwin, Dartmouth College, US The opening up of world markets, rapid growth of trade and foreign direct investment create manifold problems for competition policy. Thus, international mergers may have adverse effects on many countries, international cartels may carve up world markets and dominant firms may seek to maintain their global position by exclusionary conduct. These problems have been recognised for more than half a century and some attempts have been made internationally to address them, so far with limited success. This progressive book seeks to explore the problems and concerns that globalisation has created for competition policy. The book begins by setting out the principles of competition and trade policies, and then goes on to address the impact of market globalisation on what are usually thought of as traditional antitrust concerns. These include the analysis of the difficulties arising from collusion and other restrictive practices, government sponsored voluntary co-operation , vertical restrictions and market access, pricing strategies of dominant firms and international mergers, all illustrated with a number of prominent case studies. The author concludes with an illuminating discussion on the feasibility of international co-operation on competition policy, the faltering progress that has been made so far and the prospects for future advances. This comprehensive volume will prove to be an invaluable resource to students and scholars of law and economics. It will also find wide appeal amongst researchers, policy makers and practitioners with an interest in industrial organisation, antitrust policy and globalisation.
Author: Gene M. Grossman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
Author: William Lee Baldwin
Publisher: Irwin Professional Publishing
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 558
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Book Description
Author: Horst Kräger
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642846858
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 188
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Book Description
New theories of international trade suggest that pro- tectionism can make sense. This finding depends on the in- troduction of market power and increasing returns to scale into the international trade theory. The enormous political implications of this hypothesis have started a large interest in applied or empirical investigations of this issue. However, econometric work in international trade is comparatively scarce, especially if it comes to testing with individual data. Therefore, this volume is considered to be a contribution to fill that gap. The volume consists of three parts: First, issues in strategic trade are discussed by means of a survey on recent contributions of the literatureand by a simulation excercise on optimal trade policy for imperfectly competitive industries. Second, a part investigating the determinants of trade flows studies the interrelationships between trade balances and exchange rates, plant size and international trade, and the revelance offirm size and market concentration for the degree of export market integration using business survey firm data. Third, there are studies on imperfect markets, innovations and learning which demonstrate the importanceof imperfect competition for international economics. All contributions provide empirical evidence for the revelance of the newly developed trade theories and demonstrate useful quantitative techniques for their investigation.
Author: Thomas W. Zeiler
Publisher: Columbia University Press
ISBN: 9780231079303
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 404
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Book Description
American Trade and Power in the 1960s is a timely examination of the success and failure of United States trade policy under presidents Kennedy and Johnson. Assessing a critical decade in postwar economic relations, Thomas W. Zeiler shows trade policy to be the decisive factor hastening America's economic decline vis-a-vis Western Europe and Japan. By the early 1960s, the international commercial might of the U.S. had begun to diminish as a result of the increased strength of the six-member European Economic Community and a persistent balance-of-payments deficit. Believing that America must either "trade or fade," Kennedy proposed a visionary foreign trade bill as a way to reinvigorate the U.S. economy and maintain the Western alliance against the Soviet. With an astute reading of previously unused documents, Zeiler provides a fascinating description of how Kennedy skillfully juggled powerful protectionist interests with his own more liberal trade sentiments to win passage of the bill. Illustrating the harsh realities faced by the U.S. in a world where its economic dominance was no longer assured, Zeiler also presents a masterful compendium of the GATT talks known as the Kennedy Round. In a narrative noteworthy for its clarity, theoretical sophistication, and scrupulous attention to detail, Zeiler shows how U.S. trade policy was thwarted by rising EEC integration and Gaullist obstructionism. The GATT talks conclusively demonstrated that "American hegemony had ended." American Trade and Power in the 1960s brilliantly illuminates the roots of America's economic decline.
