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Author: Chris Milner
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
Twelve chapters, presented by Milner (international economics, U. of Nottingham, UK) and Read (international economics, U. of Lancaster, UK), argue for the extension of the power of the WTO over policy areas and beyond border trade measures and analyze how to implement this agenda. Under the heading of trade liberalization, a group of chapters explore issues of market access in manufactures and agricultural goods on a multilateral or regional basis. Other contributions look at the links between competition and other industrial policies or interventions. Finally, contributors focus more specifically on the structure and actions of the World Trade Organization in policing the neoliberal system. The general tone of the work is uncritical and unquestioning acceptance of the WTO's agenda, with an occasional comment slipping in about possible harms to the world's poor. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author: Chris Milner
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
Twelve chapters, presented by Milner (international economics, U. of Nottingham, UK) and Read (international economics, U. of Lancaster, UK), argue for the extension of the power of the WTO over policy areas and beyond border trade measures and analyze how to implement this agenda. Under the heading of trade liberalization, a group of chapters explore issues of market access in manufactures and agricultural goods on a multilateral or regional basis. Other contributions look at the links between competition and other industrial policies or interventions. Finally, contributors focus more specifically on the structure and actions of the World Trade Organization in policing the neoliberal system. The general tone of the work is uncritical and unquestioning acceptance of the WTO's agenda, with an occasional comment slipping in about possible harms to the world's poor. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author: Shanker Singham
Publisher: Cameron May
ISBN: 1905017421
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 551
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Book Description
General Theory of Trade... is the first academic or practitioner text book to establish a general theory of trade and competition and attempts to bring these two disciplines back together. Shanker Singham demonstrates that there is indeed a powerful interface between these two areas and that by understanding this interface practitioners, be they in governments, companies or law and economics firms can succeed in trade negotiations as well as build up support for free trade principles in a time when they are being increasingly challenged. By noting that consumer welfare is enhanced where trade liberalization is accompanied by competitive markets and property rights protection, the author articulates an overall vision in which future policymakers can frame a different kind of trade debate.
Author: Bernard M. Hoekman
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Antitrust law
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
At the recent World Trade Organization (WTO) ministerial meeting in Doha, Qatar, WTO members called for the launch of negotiations on disciplines relating to competition based on explicit consensus on modalities to be agreed at the fifth WTO ministerial meeting in 2003. WTO discussions since 1997 have revealed little support for ambitious multilateral action. Proponents of the WTO antitrust disciplines currently propose an agreement that is limited to "core principles"-nondiscrimination, transparency, and provisions banning "hard core" cartels. The authors argue that an agreement along such lines will create compliance costs for developing countries without addressing the anticompetitive behavior of firms located in foreign jurisdictions. To be unambiguously beneficial to low-income countries, any WTO antitrust disciplines should recognize the capacity constraints that prevail in these economies, make illegal collusive business practices by firms with international operations that raise prices in developing country markets, and require competition authorities in high-income countries to take action against firms located in their jurisdictions to defend the interests of affected developing country consumers. More generally, a case is made that traditional liberalization commitments using existing WTO fora will be the most effective means of lowering prices and increasing access to an expanded variety of goods and services.
Author: Aaditya Mattoo
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821354086
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 246
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Book Description
This text addresses two central questions: what impact can international trade rules on services have on the exercise of domestic regulatory sovereignty, and how can services negotiations be harnessed to promote and consolidate domestic policy reform across highly diverse sectors?.
Author: Markus Krajewski
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN: 9041121412
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 270
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Book Description
Like tariffs and other border measures, national regulatory barriers impede international trade. Unlike tariffs, however, such barriers usually indicate an important domestic policy choice. This 'conflict of interest' has emerged as a crucial issue in international law, particularly with regard to services, such as telecommunications and health services. This study is the first to analyze the potential impact of incompatibilities between national regulatory regimes and the rules and obligations imposed by the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS). In the process of arriving at his challenging concluding theses, the author investigates such relevant concepts as the following: the political and ideological dynamics of GATS negotiations services trade liberalization in regional integration systems, particularly in EC law policies common to diverse national regulatory systems the notions of 'deregulation' and 'privatization' the human rights implications of international trade law the GATS obligations of market access, national treatment, and most-favoured-nation treatment the role of the WTO's dispute settlement organs GATS transparency obligations Professor Krajewski's study is of enormous significance to specialists in regulatory policies and instruments at all national and sectoral levels, especially in the context of ongoing GATS negotiations. As the author warns: Unless GATS negotiators and national regulators have a thorough understanding of the relationship between GATS obligations and regulatory policies and instruments, they cannot effectively use the flexible elements of GATS and could reach an agreement which they may later regret.
Author: Patrick Grady
Publisher: Global Economics Ltd.
ISBN: 9780968621004
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 190
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Book Description
The Millennium Round of multilateral negotiations was launched at the well-publicized third World Trade Organization (WTO) Ministerial Meeting in Seattle in December. Seattle & Beyond: The WTO Millennium Round is the ultimate guide to the many difficult & controversial issues that will arise during the planned three-year negotiations. Seattle & Beyond contains 15 chapters providing an in-depth look at the topics of E-commerce, agriculture, opening markets, competition policy, integrating labor standards, settling disputes, & much more. "This is a very useful summary & analysis of the major issues before the World Trade Organization, & deserves to be widely read." --Michael Moore, Director-General, World Trade Organization.
Author: Christian Nicke
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3638871231
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Book Description
Essay from the year 2006 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: 4,0 (gut), University of Pécs (Faculty of Business and Economics), course: Business Economics, language: English, abstract: “Almost all market competitors are firms – business organizations (social groupings) that are, for the most part, internally cooperative, not competitive. Firms are the principal suppliers and buyers of most products and services, while consumers (households) generally buy only final goods (...). Typical market transactions involve competition among firms. Many of these firms, including subtypes such as labour unions, can legally own and exchange property and differentiate and isolate their legal liability as a group from the inability of their members.” The competitive-cooperative market system is controlled by formal social regulations we call competition policy. This term refers to the body of laws of a state which govern the extent, and ability, to which bodies can economically compete. They hence to restrict practises that can pull down market competition such as monopoly or cartel. Most nations have an own legal competition framework, and there is a general agreement on what is and what is not acceptable behaviour. “In general, liberalization refers to a relaxation of previous government restrictions, usually in areas of social or economic policy. (...) Most often, the term is used to refer to economic liberalization, especially trade liberalization or capital market liberalization, policies often referred to as neoliberalism. One of the world’s most open trade ad investment regime is the one of the United States. However, a liberalized and deregulated market has to be supported by rules of the game to ensure competition. But although economic liberalization often is associated with privatization, the two can be quite separate processes. As an example, in the European Union the gas and electricity markets were liberalized a few years ago, instituting a system of competition; but some of the leading European energy companies (such as EDF or Vattenfall) remain partially or complete in public ownership. “Liberalized and privatized public services may be dominated by just a big few big companies, particularly in sectors with high capital costs, or high sunk cost, such as water, gas and electricity. In some cases they may remain legal monopolies, at least for some part of the market” (i.e. parts of postal service in Germany a few years ago).
Author: Bernard M. Hoekman
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Competitiom, International
Languages : en
Pages : 34
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Book Description
Developing countries have a great interest in pursuing active domestic competition policy but should do so independent of the World Trade Organization -- which they should use to improve market access through further reduction in direct barriers to trade in goods and services.
Author: Bernard M. Hoekman
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Acuerdos comerciales
Languages : en
Pages : 62
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Book Description
Abstract: Since the mid 1980s a substantial amount of research has been undertaken on trade in services. Much of this is inspired by the World Trade Organization or regional trade agreements, especially the European Union, but an increasing number of papers focus on the impacts of services sector liberalization. This paper surveys the literature, focusing on contributions that investigate the determinants of international trade and investment in services, the potential gains from greater trade (and liberalization), and efforts to cooperate to achieve such liberalization through trade agreements. It concludes that there is increasing evidence that services liberalization is an important source of potential welfare gains, but relatively little research has been done that can inform the design of international cooperation-both trade agreements and development assistance-so as to more effectively promote development objectives.
Author: Marc Bacchetta
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Commercial policy
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Book Description
This publication identifies tools at the disposal of governments to smooth adjustment, to minimize an economy's adjustment costs and to alleviate the burden of those who suffer most.--Publisher's description.
